无水冷LD侧面泵浦Nd∶YAG固体激光放大器

通过对行波放大器储能及小信号增益进行理论计算,模拟出输出激光特性,即随着放大器泵浦电流的增加,放大器增益介质内储存能量和小信号增益系数快速增长,提取效率达到76%以上.输出能量随放大器泵浦电流的增加,呈线性增长趋势,在泵浦电流为80A时,输出光能量逐渐饱和,最大输出能量为798mJ.实验中,放大器入射光源采用脉冲能量为350mJ、重复频率为10Hz、脉宽为10ns的脉冲激光,放大器中的Nd∶YAG晶体棒尺寸为Φ7.5mm×134mm,Nd~(3+)的掺杂浓度为1.1%,泵浦功率最大24kW,使用三个最大功率为66 W的半导体制冷器进行半导体热电制冷,在重复频率为10Hz,泵浦电流为80A,泵浦脉冲宽度为200μs时,获得了最大脉冲能量为700mJ、脉冲宽度为10ns的激光输出,通过光束质量诊断仪M-200S测得输出光束在水平和垂直两个方向的光束质量分别是7.9和12.4.     

大信号无水冷LD侧泵Nd:YAG激光放大器

为了获得高激光脉冲能量,设计了高能脉冲激光放大系统。对该放大系统的输出能量、脉冲宽度、能量稳定度、输出脉冲宽度等进行了研究。首先,进行四能级激光速率方程的分析递推出泵浦能量和储存能量、增益系数等的关系。接着,进行了激光放大器的系统设计,然后进行实验验证,最后,实验还进行了输出激光的性能测试。实验结果表明:在Nd∶YAG晶体棒尺寸为?8 mm×100 mm、Nd~(3+)的掺杂浓度为1.1%、泵浦功率最大24 kW、重复频率为10 Hz、泵浦电流为80 A、泵浦脉宽为200μs的条件下,得到脉冲宽度10 ns、最大脉冲能量1 050 mJ的脉冲激光,输出能量不稳定度3%,通过刀口法测得水平和垂直方向光束质量M~2分别是3.9和4.8。满足了高能量、无水冷、稳定可靠等要求。     

885nmLD高重频侧泵Nd：YAG全固态激光器输出特性研究

对不同反射率和注入电流下885nmLD高重频侧面泵浦Nd：YAG全固态激光器的输出特性进行了实验研究，实验表明1064nm激光脉冲输出能量随注入电流的增加而增大，泵浦频率越高，脉冲输出能量增长越慢。以脉冲侧面泵浦Nd：YAG，在重复频率为60Hz、80Hz，注入电流为130A时，得到了输出透镜的最佳反射率都为73％，输出脉冲能量分别为62.1mJ，47.9mJ，光-光效率分别为13.29%、10.29%。     

闪光灯泵浦的Nd∶KGd(WO4)2激光器

报道了用闪光灯泵浦的掺钕的钨酸钆镓(Nd3+:KGd(WO4)2)激光器.在重复频率1Hz,脉宽120μs的灯泵下,测量了不同透过率下激光输出能量,获得最大输出能量384mJ,斜率效率1.0%,外推阈值0.54J.在调Q运行时,Nd∶KGW晶体的斜率效率为0.16%,最大输出能量46mJ.     

1J高光束质量免水冷脉冲Nd:YAG激光器

研制了一种TEC制冷LD侧泵高能量、高光束质量、电光调Q全固态Nd∶YAG激光器。在主振荡器中晶体棒的尺寸为φ7 mm×100 mm,Nd原子数比例为1.1%,LD泵浦的最大峰值功率为15 kW,在重复频率为10 Hz时,获得了350 mJ输出能量,脉冲宽度为9.7 ns,光束质量因子M~2在水平和垂直方向分别为3.3和3.8。使用主振荡功率放大结构,提高了最终的输出功率。第一级放大器Nd∶YAG晶体棒尺寸为φ7.5 mm×134 mm,在输出重复频率10 Hz、泵浦电流80 A、泵浦脉冲宽度200μs时,得到最大单脉冲能量700 mJ,脉冲宽度10 ns。第二级放大器Nd∶YAG晶体棒尺寸为φ8 mm×100 mm,泵浦电流为80 A。最终我们获得了最大的单脉冲能量1 085 mJ,脉冲宽度10 ns,能量不稳定度小于3%,测量的光束质量因子M~2在水平和垂直方向分别为3.9和4.8,实现了焦耳级高光束质量Nd∶YAG激光器的小型化、无水冷化。     

二极管抽运流动无机液体激光器出光实验研究

热效应是限制高能激光输出性能的重要因素之一,液体激光体系在此方面具有特殊的优势。开展了二极管抽运无机液体激光器的流动出光实验,实现了流动状态下较长时间高重复频率的激光脉冲输出。测量了激光光谱、激光脉冲波形和单脉冲激光能量等参数,其中激光中心波长为1052.7nm,脉宽约为170μs,最大单脉冲能量约为5mJ。在抽运频率400Hz时可连续工作10min以上。但随着抽运频率上升,激光脉冲能量相应下降。结果表明,二极管抽运的无机液体激光体系在流动状态下能有效地避免热沉积,从而实现较长时间、高重复频率的激光脉冲输出,有望发展成为新型高功率、高光束质量激光体系,值得开展深入的实验研究。     

适用于水下同步照明的灯泵浦绿光激光器研制

研制了脉冲宽度大、单脉冲能量大的绿光激光器,其中脉冲重复频率与高速相机帧频同步,且光纤耦合输出.激光器采用平凸非稳腔结构,灯泵浦Nd∶YAG晶体,KTP晶体内腔倍频,被动调Q方式,实现了最大重复频率为300Hz、脉冲宽度为70μs、平均功率为38W、单脉冲能量为126.7mJ、光束发散角为3.5mrad的532nm激光输出.将该激光耦合到芯径为800μm的光纤中进行水下实验,耦合效率达到92%.     

多脉冲序列飞秒钛宝石激光的啁啾脉冲放大

在数太瓦钛宝石啁啾脉冲放大系统中（极光Ⅱ升级装置）,对多脉冲序列的放大过程进行了详细的实验研究,获得了多脉冲序列的放大输出.每一个放大脉冲串中包含有19个独立的飞秒单脉冲,其相邻间隔为14.8 ns,对应的重复频率为67.5 MHz.脉冲串的总能量约为122 mJ,各单脉冲能量从20 mJ指数衰减至0.5 mJ,脉宽约为60fs,对应的峰值功率约为10¹¹—10¹⁰W.这种脉冲序列在产生长寿命激光等离子体、激光微加工等方面有重要应用前景.     

10kW峰值功率高脉冲能量全光纤结构2μm掺铥光纤激光器

基于增益开关技术在高掺杂浓度掺铥光纤中获得了稳定的2μm种子脉冲激光,输出激光中心波长为1 979.4nm,脉冲重复频率在1~100kHz之间可调,输出脉冲宽度变化范围为60~200ns。采用两级掺铥光纤放大器对该种子脉冲激光进行放大实验,当种子脉冲激光重复频率为20kHz时获得最大输出平均功率为17.2W,输出光谱没有观察到明显的放大自发辐射噪声。最大功率输出时,脉冲宽度为82ns,对应单脉冲能量为0.86mJ,脉冲峰值功率高于10kW。     

闪光灯泵浦的Nd:KGd(WO4)2激光器

报道了用闪光灯泵浦的掺钕的钨酸钆镓(Nd³⁺:KGd(WO₄)₂激光器.在重复频率1Hz,脉宽120μs的灯泵下,测量了不同透过率下激光输出能量,获得最大输出能量384mJ,斜率效率1.0%,外推阈值0.54J.在调Q运行时,Nd:KGW晶体的斜率效率为0.16%,最大输出能量46mJ.     

高重复率猝发高压多脉冲加速组元

详细介绍了基于形成线并联和传输线延时两种不同技术路线的MHz重复率猝发多脉冲加速组元的工作原理、应用背景和技术特点,针对现有传输线延时双脉冲加速组元的主要问题提出了一种新的猝发高压双脉冲加速组元设计思路并进行了实验验证,使双脉冲加速组元在兼顾更高稳定性和更好波形品质的同时,解决了双脉冲电压独立调节、间隔调节及单双脉冲模式转换的问题。     

双脉冲电子束源实验研究

利用现有2MeV直线感应注入器,通过改造,将其次级功率源和8个感应腔分成2组,使之交替工作,建立了一台双脉冲电子束源。二极管电压脉冲幅度达到1MeV,电子束脉冲持续时间为120ns,脉冲间隔可以根据需要在100~500ns间进行调节。实验结果表明：该双脉冲电子束源可以产生双脉冲电子束,其电压幅度差值小于2%,束流可达3kA,并且工作稳定,利用该装置可以进行多脉冲二极管物理和天鹅绒多脉冲发射特性实验研究。     

Design and construction of Q-switched Nd:YAG laser system for LIBS measurements

A passive, Q-switched pulsed, Nd:YAG laser system was designed and built, which can provide a potential compact robust laser source for portable laser induced breakdown spectroscopy systems.The developed laser system operates at 1064 nm. Each laser shot contains a train of pulses having maximum total output energy of 170 mJ. The number of pulses varies from 1–6 pulses in each laser shot depending on the pump energy. The pulse width of each pulse ranges from 20 to 30 ns. The total duration of the output pulse train is within 300 μs. The multi-pulse nature of the laser shots was employed to enhance the LIBS signal. To validate the system, LIBS measurements and analysis were performed on ancient ceramic samples collected from Al-Fustat excavation in Old Cairo. The samples belong to different Islamic periods in Egypt history. The results obtained are highly indicative that useful information can be provided to archeologists for use in restoring and repairing of precious archeological objects.     

双脉冲电子束源实验研究

 利用现有2MeV直线感应注入器，通过改造，将其次级功率源和8个感应腔分成2组，使之交替工作，建立了一台双脉冲电子束源。二极管电压脉冲幅度达到1MeV，电子束脉冲持续时间为120ns，脉冲间隔可以根据需要在100~500ns间进行调节。实验结果表明：该双脉冲电子束源可以产生双脉冲电子束，其电压幅度差值小于2%，束流可达3kA，并且工作稳定，利用该装置可以进行多脉冲二极管物理和天鹅绒多脉冲发射特性实验研究。     

强流四脉冲电子束源实验研究

 为了进行强流多电子束源研究，对现有2MeV LIA 注入器进行了四脉冲改造，二极管脉冲电压约500kV。实验研究了天鹅绒阴极在四脉冲条件下的发射能力、传导电流负载效应以及阴极等离子体运动对阴极电子发射和束能量的影响。利用空间电荷限制流模型推算出阴极等离子体膨胀速率在1 ~4cm/μs之间。     

Experimental investigation of the effects of laser parameters on laser propulsion

The effects of main laser parameters,such as pulse energy,pulse duration,frequency,and work time on laser propulsion of "air-breathing mode",are investigated experimentally with a high power and high repetition frequency TEA-CO2 pulsed laser.The results show that the momentum coupling coefficient Cm decreases with increasing the pulse energy for single pulse tests and pulse duration of about 1μs.Either higher or lower frequency will reduce Cm in multi-pulse tests,which suggests an optimal frequency for the maximum Cm.As to the work time,the longer the work time is,the less the Cm will be.     

利用脉冲循环产生高压多脉冲

依据电压脉冲在传输线中的传播特性,分析了将形成线和传输线构成封闭回路,使电脉冲在其中反复循环,从而在高阻负载上得到高压多脉冲输出的可能性,并进行了电路模拟研究。利用Blumlein脉冲形成线系统和400 kV高压电缆组成封闭回路,进行了高压实验研究,在高阻约1 kΩ负载上得到了大于200 kV的多个脉冲输出,脉冲宽度120 ns、间隔不超过400 ns。研究表明,利用脉冲循环方法可以在较高阻抗的负载上产生MHz重复频率的高压多脉冲串,其脉冲质量与形成线开关状态密切相关。     

Recent Progress of the Beijing FEL──Realized Saturated Oscillation

Beijing FEL facility has been built in IHEP,the saturated oscillation has been obtained at a wavelength of 10.68μm,on Dec.28,1993.The average output energy and the pulse width were measured respectively to be 3mJ,2μs.The corresponding osillation power is greater than 210kW,peak power is about 20MW, which is about 10⁸ times higher than that of spontaneous emission. The FWHM of the FEL spectracal bandwidth is less than 2%.The small signal net gain is 24% per pass.The extraction efficiency is 0.45%.In the present experimental resules,BFEL can be saturated by changing electron energy at the wavelength range from 9-10μm,the maxmium average output energy and extraction efficiency are 10mJ,0.52% respectively,the minimum spectral bandwidth of 0.3% has achieved by shorting cavity length.     

Origin of the double- and multi-pulse structure of echolocation signals in Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientialis)

The signals of dolphins and porpoises often exhibit a multi-pulse structure. Here, echolocation signal recordings were made from four geometrically distinct positions of seven Yangtze finless porpoises temporarily housed in a relatively small, enclosed area. Some clicks demonstrated double-pulse, and others multi-pulse, structure. The interpulse intervals between the first and second pulse of the double- and multi-pulse clicks were significantly different among data from the four different positions (p < 0.01, one-way ANOVA). These results indicate that the interpulse interval and structure of the double- and multi-pulse echolocation signals depend on the hydrophone geometry of the animal, and that the double- and multi-pulse structure of echolocation signals in Yangtze finless porpoise is not caused by the phonating porpoise itself, but by the multipath propagation of the signal. Time delays in the 180 degrees phase-shifted surface reflection pulse and the nonphase-shifted bottom reflection pulse of the multi-pulse structures, relative to the direct signal, can be used to calculate the distance to a phonating animal.