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分析了紧凑等离子体环(CT)加速的原理,给出了加速过程的辐射磁流体力学描述。采用Lagrange方法编写了二维计算程序,计算了10mg的氩CT在同轴加速器内的加速过程,得到了加速电流和辐射功率随时间的变化曲线,给出CT等离子体内部的速度和温度等物理量的分布。     

喷气Z箍缩内爆动力学过程的数值模拟研究

在分析了喷气Z箍缩内爆等离子体物理过程的基础上，作了必要的假定和简化，给出了物理模型和相应的数学方程组.研制了一维三温辐射磁流体动力学的数值模拟程序，对氖喷气Z箍缩内爆产生高温高密度等离子体过程进行了总体数值模拟，得到了等离子体各参量在内爆过程中的时空分布，再现了该内爆动力学整体过程，并与GAMBLE-Ⅱ装置的实验结果进行了比较.计算结果表明，在对热传导系数和等离子体电阻率作适当调整后，得到的计算结果是自洽的，其中内爆到心时刻、x射线辐射脉冲的脉宽和总能量等宏观量与实验结果比较接近.同时对喷气Z箍缩内爆过 关键词： 喷气Z箍缩 x射线辐射 辐射磁流体动力学     

激光与靶非平衡耦合的数值模拟

对激光与高Z靶耦合主要物理过程,其中包括激光吸收,电子热传导,等离子体运动,非平衡原子物理,X光转换和辐射输运等现象的数值模拟作了全面的概括性描述。提出了总体微分方程组,建立了差分计算格式和求解方法,给出了程序数值计算的结果。     

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针对实验室等离子体的辐射物理条件和等离子体箍缩三温的数值模型,提出一种定量计算Z箍缩等离子体辐射能谱的近似方法。在给出计算能谱结构的理论方法之后,再将这种近似计算方法编入到Kr喷气Z箍缩等离子体X射线辐射的二维三温辐射磁流体力学模型中,得出典型Kr喷气Z箍缩X射线辐射的能谱分布。对照"强光一号"加速器Kr喷气箍缩实验测量得到的辐射能谱分布,分析了理论与实测结果之间存在的偏差。     

丝阵Z-pinch等离子体辐射图像

研究了丝阵负载Z-pinch的气化及电离过程、等离子体形成及融合过程、等离子体的不稳定性及其发展、先驱等离子体的产生机制及其辐射特性、双层丝阵负载内外层丝阵等离子体的内爆碰撞辐射过程、内爆聚心时刻X光辐射快速变化过程及能量转换机制。在“强光”1号、俄罗斯S300及ANGARA-5-1装置上获得了较全面地反映内爆物理过程的实验结果。     

辐射扩散计算方法若干研究进展

辐射流体力学研究辐射的传输对流体运动的影响,并在此条件下研究流体的运动规律.实际应用问题中辐射流体力学所描述的是非常复杂的物理过程,数值模拟是主要的研究手段之一.模拟通常采用流体计算和辐射计算分裂求解的方法.讨论求解辐射扩散方程时迫切需要解决的一些计算方法问题,包括大变形网格上扩散计算格式与非线性迭代方法,并简要介绍部分研究进展.     

小焦斑纳秒激光烧蚀铝平面靶的数值研究

用二维辐射流体程序Flash模拟了小焦斑纳秒激光与铝平面靶的相互作用过程,其中入射激光的聚焦半径为25μm,峰值强度约为1013 W/cm2,波长为532nm。模拟发现激光通道上的等离子体出现了密度排空的现象,激光焦斑外侧出现环状的射流结构。激光通道上密度排空现象对电子热输运的计算较为敏感,对比干涉实验测量的密度分布,确定了模拟中限流因子的取值为0.08。通过考察辐射致冷与电子横向热输运对等离子体膨胀运动的影响,对环状射流结构的形成原因给出了物理解释,并在模拟上验证了辐射冷却在其形成过程中的主导作用。     

水下等离子体声源的聚束特性研究

分析水下等离子体声源的反射聚束特性,对研究和应用水下定向辐射技术具有重要的指导意义。对不同曲面障板的反射规律做了分析,利用Euler方程建立了水下等离子体声源的聚束声场分布模型,利用迎风型WENO格式对方程进行求解,仿真计算了两种曲面障板的聚束过程和声场分布特性,并设计相关实验对仿真结果进行了验证。研究结果表明,仿真结果与实验测量结果基本吻合,得到的声场云图较为直观地反映了声源的反射聚束特性,证明了仿真模型的有效性,为进一步研究水下定向辐射技术、提高声源级奠定了基础。     

吸气式激光推进中激光能量沉积过程的数值模拟

 结合辐射输运方程,在流体力学方程组的能量方程中加入包括空气吸收的激光能量以及高温气体向周围辐射损失的能量源项,转化为辐射流体力学方程组,建立了用于模拟吸气式激光推进中能量沉积过程的物理力学模型和计算方法。该辐射流体力学计算程序可以很好地模拟激光能量沉积过程中空气对激光能量的吸收、等离子体对激光的屏蔽作用以及激光维持的爆轰波的传播规律,计算得到激光能量的沉积效率约为57%,激光维持的爆轰波的传播速度与同等条件下的理论和实验结果吻合得较好。     

等离子体激发和辐射温度瞬态光谱测试方法

对等离子体温度的测量能间接诊断瞬态物理场的瞬时温度变化.使用望远光学系统对准等离子体并收集其光谱.光栅分光系统高精度地(△λ<0.1 nm)分离提取出测最所需的等离子体四通道特征光谱信号.光纤将光谱信号导入高灵敏度、快速响应的光电倍增管(PMTs,采集时间小于1 μs),达到瞬态测试的要求.用四通道数据拟合Boltzmann直线提高了计算激发温度的精度(优于2%),同时从黑体辐射理论推导出等离子体辐射温度的计算模型.只需用一次测量得到的光强就可以同时得到等离子体的激发温度和辐射温度.利用标准温度灯对系统的光谱响应系数进行了标定,通过实验表明系统测温的精度优于3%.     

Solving the radiation diffusion and energy balance equations using pseudo-transient continuation

We develop a scheme for the system coupling the radiation diffusion and matter energy balance equations. The method is based on fully implicit, first-order, backward Euler differencing; Picard-Newton iterations solve the nonlinear system. We show that iterating on the radiation energy density and the emission source is more robust. Since the Picard-Newton scheme may not converge for all initial conditions and time steps, pseudo-transient continuation (Ψtc) is introduced. The combined Ψtc-Picard-Newton scheme is analyzed. We derive conditions on the Ψtc parameter that guarantee physically meaningful iterates, e.g., positive energies. Successive Ψtc iterates are bounded and the radiation energy density and emission source tend to equilibrate. The scheme is incorporated into a multiply dimensioned, massively parallel, Eulerian, radiation-hydrodynamic computer program with automatic mesh refinement (AMR). Three examples are presented that exemplify the scheme's performance. (1) The Pomraning test problem that models radiation flow into cold matter. (2) A similar, but more realistic problem simulating the propagation of an ionization front into tenuous hydrogen gas with a Saha model for the equation-of-state. (3) A 2D axisymmetric (R,Z) simulation with real materials featuring jetting, radiatively driven, interacting shocks.     

A study of the radiation of a Nd:YAG laser-MIG hybrid plasma

To study the coupling of a Nd:YAG laser beam and a MIG arc with the spectrum of the plasma, a new hollow probe method is used to collect radiation from specific points within the arc plasma. With the probe, the spatial distributions of the MIG arc radiation with and without the Nd:YAG laser hybrid plasma are collected and analyzed by a fiber spectrometer. Through analysis of the spectrum, radiation in the ultraviolet (Fe II dominated), visible (Fe I dominated) and infra (Ar I dominated) spectral zones are acquired for comparison of the difference between the MIG and Laser-MIG hybrid welding processes. The electronic temperature is calculated using the Boltzmann plot method and the electronic density is calculated using the Stark broadening method. The results show that the Laser-MIG hybrid welding processes cause the plasma energy to focus on the center of the welding arc and approach the welding pool. An ionizing duct abundant with Fe ions will be formed near the position of the impinging laser beam, which makes the welding arc stable. The electronic temperature of the Laser-MIG hybrid welding arc is a little higher than that of the MIG. The electronic density of Laser-MIG hybrid welding is higher than that of the MIG.     

Heat transfer characteristics of a porous radiant burner under the influence of a 2-D radiation field

This paper deals with the heat transfer analysis of a 2-D rectangular porous radiant burner. Combustion in the porous medium is modelled as a spatially dependent heat generation zone. The gas and the solid phases are considered in non-local thermal equilibrium, and separate energy equations are used for the two phases. The solid phase is assumed to be absorbing, emitting and scattering, while the gas phase is considered transparent to radiation. The radiative part of the energy equation is solved using the collapsed dimension method. The alternating direction implicit scheme is used to solve the transient 2-D energy equations. Effects of various parameters on the performance of the burner are studied.     

The radiation impedance and the energy partition among wave fields generated by a normal force strip radiator on isotropic solid surface

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Increase in radiation intensity in a quasi-spherical “double liner”/“dynamic hohlraum” system

A concept of the magnetic implosion of quasi-spherical liners, concentration of their kinetic energies, conversion of energy into thermal radiation, confinement of its energy in the cavity of an emitting plasma shell in the “double liner”/“dynamic hohlraum” system, and the irradiation of a spherical target is proposed for the physics of high energy densities and inertial confinement fusion. The radiation intensity on the target was shown to increase considerably due to capture of radiation in the process of converting the kinetic energy of the liner into radiation. The dynamics of the liners and the generation of radiation are simulated by the ZETA code using a physical model developed for a nonequilibrium plasma in a cylindrical geometry. The effect of the instability and inhomogeneity of the liners on confinement of radiation energy is estimated.     

脉冲等离子体辐射微波机理的初步研究

 在分析了等离子体辐射微波的电流波形和喇叭天线接收到的微波信号波形的基础上,对脉冲等离子体辐射微波的机理进行了理论分析：阴阳极间存在TEM和TM两种模式的波;流经等离子体的电流产生的磁场使等离子体中的波成为慢波;高频场的激励因素有两个,一是作加速运动的电子,二是阳极斑点溅射时阳极电位突降;同一时刻具有不同速度的电子将能量转换给相应相速的波是其产生超宽带辐射的原因。     

Analysis of directional radiative behavior and heating efficiency for a gas-fired radiant burner

For the purpose of energy conservation and uniform heating of object surface, a gas-fired porous radiant burner with a bundle of reflecting tubes is developed. A physical model is developed to simulate the directional radiative behavior of this heating device, in which the Monte Carlo method based on the concept of radiation distribution factor is used to compute the directional radiative behavior. The effects of relating parameters on the directional behavior of radiative heating and the heating efficiency are analyzed. With the increase of the length-to-radius ratio of tube, the radiation heating efficiency decreases, but the radiation energy incident on the object surface is more collimated. The radiation heating efficiency increases with the specular reflectivity. With the increase in length of tube segment with specular reflective surface, the radiation heating efficiency increases, but the extent of concentration and collimation of radiative energy decreases. For real design of the heating device, some trade-offs are needed to balance the radiation heating efficiency and the uniformity of radiative heating of object surface.     

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提出了一种用于高功率微波武器的等离子体通道天线(PCA),计算了该天线的辐射方向图。推导出了一般性天线的辐射方向函数;建立了PCA的近似电磁模型;给出了圆坐标系下PCA和周围空气中的电磁场,利用边界条件得出了PCA的色散方程,求出PCA的表面波波矢。重点讨论了PCA的辐射场随等离子体密度、天线长度、半径的变化,证实了PCA方向图的可控性。     

等离子体通道天线的辐射场计算

提出了一种用于高功率微波武器的等离子体通道天线(PCA),计算了该天线的辐射方向图。推导出了一般性天线的辐射方向函数;建立了PCA的近似电磁模型;给出了圆坐标系下PCA和周围空气中的电磁场,利用边界条件得出了PCA的色散方程,求出PCA的表面波波矢。重点讨论了PCA的辐射场随等离子体密度、天线长度、半径的变化,证实了PCA方向图的可控性。