Influence of metal ions on the activity and stability of the glucose isomerase from Streptomyces atratus

The influence of a number of bivalent metals on the activity ofStreptomyces atratus glucose isomerase has been studied. Mg²⁺ ions are activators and Co²⁺ ions are stabilizers of the glucose isomerase activity. The effective kinetic parameters for the action of the enzyme have been determined.Institute of Microbiology, Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 838–842, November–December, 1991.     

Isolation,purification, and some physicochemical properties of glucose isomerase from Streptomyces atratus

A highly purified glucose isomerase with a specific activity 23.5 times greater than that of a homogenate of the mycelium has been obtained fromStreptomyces atratus by methods of homogenization from the freeze-dried biomass, heat treatment (70°C, 10 min), ion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration. The yield of enzyme on the initial biomass was 51.8%. The molecular mass of the enzyme has been determined by various methods as 160 kDa but in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate in thin-layer PAG it amounts to 40 kDa.Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 524–528, July–August, 1990.     

Immobilization ofStreptomyces atratus glucose isomerase on various supports

The immobilization ofStreptomycs atratus glucose isomerase has been achieved and the periods of half-life of the immobilized glucose isomerase have been determined on various supports, among which the most acceptable are cotton lint and polyurethane. The stability of the immobilized preparations has been demonstrated.Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (82712) 41 71 29. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 670–672, September–October, 1994.     

Isolation and some properties of glucose isomerase from a hybrid strain ofStreptomyces atratus

A highly effective easily reproducible method of obtaining high purity preparations of glucose isomerase from initial and hybrid strains of Streptomyces atratus has been developed. Two enzymes have been characterized, with molecular masses of 160 and 120 kDa, isoelectric points of 5.2 and 5.0, pH optima of 8.0 and 9.0, and temperature optima of 80 and 90°C, respectively. The activity of glucose isomerase preparations obtained by purification from a hybrid strain of Streptomyces atratus was 60–70% greater than that of analogous preparations from the initial parental strain.Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 417129 Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 903–907, November–December, 1996. Original article submitte March 11, 1996.     

A study of the process of lignification of one-year willow wood

Conclusions 1. The content of lignin in the wood ofSalix viminalis andSalix acutifolia increases with the growth of the shoots during shortened days and also in drier climatic periods.2. The monosaccharides, glucose, fructose, and arabinose take part in the synthesis of the lignin of young wood ofSalix viminalis andSalix acutifolia. The formation of lignin of one-year willow wood takes place from May to January (with a maximum in June–July). The content of methoxyl groups in it gradually rises.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 5, No. 6, pp. 546–550, 1969     

Lipopolysaccharides of marine blue-green algae

The lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) have been isolated from two blue-green algae,Oscillatoria hilderbrandtii andNostoc sp. by the method of phenol-water extraction. The LPSs contain polysaccharide and lipid components. The polysaccharide fraction fromO. hildebrandtii consists predominantly of 1,3-bound rhamnose residues with a substituent in the second position. The rhamnose residues in the polysaccharide fraction ofNostoc are connected by 1,3- and 1,2-glycosidic bonds. The lipid components of the LPSs fromO. hilderbrandtii andNostoc consist of palmitic and steric acids, with glucosamine and glucose.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 493–496, July–August, 1985.     

Exoglycans of Yersina pseudotuberculosis

Summary 1. From a culture medium of strain 12 ofYersinia pseudotuberculosis of subtype IB a mixture of exoglycans has been isolated which consists of acidic heteropolysaccharides bound ionically to a protein component.2. The yield and monosaccharide composition of the exoglycans produced depend on the conditions of growth and the form of the colonies.3. The exoglycans of the local strain No. 12 and of a standard strain (No. 159) ofY. pseudotuberculosis of subtype IB contain monosaccharides (galactose, glucose, mannose, xylose, arabinose, fucose, glucuronic acid, glucosamine) and differ only by the ratio of the monosaccharide residues.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 315–321, May–June, 1975.     

Synthesis of (E)-dodec-3-en-1-yl acetate — The main component of sex pheromones of Scrobipalpa ocellatella and Scrobipalpopsis solanivora

(E)-Dodec-3-en-l-yl acetate — the main component of the sex pheromones ofScrobipalpa ocellatella andScrobipalpopsis solanivora — has been obtained by a three-stage synthesis from decanal and malonic acid. The overall yield of pheromone was 33% calculated on the initial aldehyde.A. S. Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 682–683, September–October, 1988.     

The polybuffer separation of the alkaloids of Vinca erecta

Summary By separating the total alkaloids ofV.erecta according to their basicities in an APS, in addition to bases known previously we have isolated ervincidine, apovincamine, (+)-quebrachamine, dl-eburnamine, (–)-1,2-dehydroaspidospermidine, and kopsanone. This is the first time that these alkaloids have been obtained from this plant. Thin-layer chromatography showed the presence of another 10–12 uncharacterized alkaloids.The region of the passage into the buffer solutions of some alkaloids has also been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 713–717, November–December, 1970.     

Oxygenated acids of the reserve lipids of Rumex paulsenianus

The composition of the fatty mono- and dihydroxy acids of the fruit ofRumex paulsenianus Rech. fil. (familyPolygonaceae) has been determined by a combination of IRS, UVS, GLC, and mass-spectrometric methods. (22) Monohydroxy acids of the C₁₄–C₂₀ series, including isomers and isologues, and four dihydroxy acids from C₁₈ to C₂₀, including a new isomeric 9-OH-10, 12–17:2 acid have been detected.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 762–765, November–December, 1991.     

The structure of teucrin A

Summary The structure of a new 18-norditerpenoid — teucrin A, isolated from the plantTeucrium chamaedrys L. — has been demonstrated. It has been shown that it belongs to the furolactones with a rearranged labdane skeleton.Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 31–35, January–February, 1973.     

The structure of nutanoside

Summary The complete structure of nutanoside — a triterpene glycoside isolated from the roots ofSilene nutans L. — has been established.A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 412–416, July–August, 1971.     

Triterpene glycosides of Dianthus deltoides II. Structure of dianthoside C

Summary The structure of dianthoside C — a triterpene glycoside fromDianthus deltoides L. — has been established.A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 420–425, July–August, 1971.     

Triterpene glycosides of Gypsophila patrinii III. The structure of philoside B

Summary The structure of philoside B — a gypsogenin nonaoside isolated from the roots ofGypsophila patrinii — has been established.A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan'Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Correspondence Institute of Soviet Commerce. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 603–607, September–October, 1974.     

Carbohydrate complex of the fruit of Chaenomeles maulei

The carbohydrate complex of the fruit ofChaenomeles maulei contains more than 70% of water-soluble sugars, including sucrose, arabinose, galactose, fructose, and glucose. The bulk of the carbohydrate is represented by water-soluble pectin, and protopectin, hemicellulose, and cellulose. The monomeric compositions of all the fractions of carbohydrates and the ratio between the reducing and inverted sugars have been studied.M. V. Lomonosov Odessa Technological Institute of the Food Industry. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 460–463, July–August, 1990.     

Analysis of the nerve growth activities of protein fractions from the venoms of Agkistrodon halys halys and Echis multisquamatus

The possibility has been shown of obtaining NGFs in the process of isolating coagulant proteinases and other biologically active substances from the venoms of theAgkistrodon halys halys and theEchis multisquamata. Results characterizing the NGFs of both species as basic (weakly basic) proteins with molecular masses of 30.0–40.0 kDa are presented.Institute of Biochemistry, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 266–270, March-April, 1992.     

The structure of the sesquiterpene lactone saupirin

Conclusions A new sesquiterpene lactone, saupirin, has been isolated from the epigeal green part ofSaussurea neopulchella Lipsch. andSaussurea pulchella Fisch., and structure (I) has been proposed for it.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute for Medicinal Plants. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 727–736, November–December, 1971.