3-芳硫基-4-羟基香豆素及其类似物的制备

4-羟基香豆素类化合物与4-羟基喹啉酮类化合物是一类重要的有机杂环化合物,因为其良好的生理活性,被广泛应用于抗菌、抗炎、抗HIV、抗肿瘤等药物结构中。 本文用4-羟基香豆素类化合物或4-羟基喹啉酮类化合物作为底物、以硫磺粉(S)为硫源、以碘苯类衍生物作为芳基源,在氯化铜催化作用下合成了3-芳硫基-4-羟基香豆素类化合物和3-芳硫基-4-羟基喹啉酮类化合物。 该方法使用环境友好的硫磺粉为硫源替代有机硫,操作简单、无污染、成本低廉,为该类化合物的绿色合成提供了新的方案。     

2-芳基-4-氧-4H-吡喃酮[3,2-c]-9-溴喹啉类化合物的合成

本文以3-乙醛基-4-羟基-6-溴喹啉为原料, 经与芳香醛缩合得查尔酮类化合物, 而后环合, 氧化生成2-芳基-4-氧-4H吡喃酮[3,3,-c]-9-溴喹啉类化合物。本文合成了七个查尔酮类化合物和七个氮杂黄酮类化合物。     

由氰基乙酰芳胺衍生物出发合成喹啉-2,4-二酮类化合物

喹啉-2,4-二酮结构单元广泛存在于天然产物以及具有生物活性的合成化合物中.报道一种通过α,α-二烃基氰基乙酰芳胺化合物在三氟甲烷磺酸甲酯作用下的分子内Houben-Hoesch反应合成喹啉-2,4-二酮类化合物的方法.该方法具有适用范围广、操作简便、反应条件温和等优点.     

喹啉酮衍生物的合成及其心血管活性

异黄酮化合物具有心血管活性[1],雌激素活性[2]及抗骨质疏松[3]活性等。3 苯基 4(1Ｈ)喹啉酮衍生物是异黄酮化合物的等电子体,文献报道它具有与异黄酮化合物相似的心血管活性[4]和抗肿瘤[5]活性。结构中具有氟原子的化合物大多能改善脂溶性,增强生理活性,且能选择性作用于脑细胞及脑血管;喹诺酮类抗菌药中具有优良抗菌活性的化合物几乎都含有氟原子。我们对含氟的3 苯基 4(1Ｈ)喹啉酮类化合物进行了研究。以氟氯苯胺为原料,合成了其7 氯衍生物(化合物Ａ1～Ａ4),及5 氯衍生物(化合物Ｂ1～Ｂ4),其中7 氯衍生物为主产物,合成路线如下:化合…     

2-异丙基-1,3-二氢-4(1H)异喹啉酮及其衍生物的合成

异喹啉酮类化合物具有重要药理活性,本文在合成1,2,3,4-四氢-2-苄基异喹啉酮-4衍生物的基础上,参照Hinton方法制备2-异丙基-1,3-二氢-4(1H)异喹啉酮(1),用(1)进一步与芳醛、羟胺、酰氯及苯肼反应得到了相应的衍生物(3_a-6_e)。     

可见光诱导邻烯基甲酰苯胺环化合成2-喹啉酮

使用廉价易得的邻烯基甲酰苯胺在可见光的诱导下发生自由基环化反应, 以良好至优秀的产率合成了15种2-喹啉酮衍生物. 该方法简单高效、 条件温和、 产率较高, 具有优异的官能团兼容性, 不仅拓展了邻烯基甲酰苯胺参与的新型有机反应, 也为光催化合成喹啉酮类化合物提供了一条新途径.     

苯乙烯基喹啉磺酰胺衍生物的设计、合成与 HIV整合酶抑制活性的研究

在运用比较分子场分析方法(CoMFA)分析了38个苯乙烯基喹啉类衍生物的三维定量构效关系的基础上, 根据立体, 静电以及氢键特征, 设计合成了一系列苯乙烯基喹啉磺酰胺衍生物并考察了它们的HIV整合酶抑制活性, 同时分析了所合成化合物的波谱特点.     

HPLC法测定人体尿液中的4'-羟基和6-甲氧基黄烷酮

黄烷酮(Flavanone)属于黄酮类化合物(Flavonoids),具有2-苯基色原酮化学结构.黄烷酮类化合物广泛存在自然界,其衍生物大多从天然植物中提取而得,取代基多为羟基、甲氧基、苄氧基、异戊烯基、香叶基等,是多种药用植物有效成分之一.据有关文献报道,许多黄烷酮类化合物具有抗菌、消炎、抗肿瘤、抗HIV病毒、抗诱变、抗氧化、抗癌活性等诸多生物活性~([1]).由于其显著的生物、药理活性及独特的可靼性结构,引起了化学和医药工作者浓厚的研究兴趣.     

一步法合成异喹啉酮类化合物

建立了一步法简洁、高效合成异喹啉酮类化合物的方法.该方法是利用硝基取代的邻氟苯甲酸甲酯1与杂环烯酮缩胺(HKAs,2)在1,4-二氧六环溶剂中Cs_2CO_3催化下,加热回流反应.从而实现一步合成异喹啉酮类化合物3.该方法具有合成原料易得、操作简单、路线简洁等特点.     

2-异丙基-1,3-二氢-4(1H)异喹啉酮及其衍生物的合成

报道了异喹啉酮与格氏试剂反应合成四氢-4-羟基异喹啉酮化合物,NBS和混酸(HNO~3/HAc)与异喹啉酮反应合成异喹啉酮衍生物。6个新化合物的结构,通过元素分析,红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱,质谱给予证实。     

靶向整合过程不同步骤的HIV-1整合酶抑制剂的结构类型和研究进展

HIV-1整合酶是病毒复制所必需的三个基本酶之一, 为病毒所特有, 人体无对应的酶, 因此整合酶是理想的抗HIV药物设计的新靶标. HIV-1整合酶催化病毒DNA插入宿主染色体的过程涉及到整合酶与前病毒DNA形成整合前复合物、病毒DNA的3’末端切断和DNA链转移等步骤, 目前研究得最多的HIV-1整合酶抑制剂是抑制链转移反应的芳基二酮酸化合物, 其中的电子等排体衍生物Raltegravir (MK-0518)于2007年10月被美国食品药品管理局(FDA)批准上市, 而GS-9137处于三期临床试验, 此外还有多个处于临床前研究和临床阶段的药物. 根据抑制剂的不同作用机理, 本综述介绍了近年来所报道的HIV-1整合酶抑制剂的结构类型、药效团模型、研究进展及化学合成, 将整合酶抑制剂分为链转移反应抑制剂、整合酶-DNA结合抑制剂、整合酶3’端切除反应抑制剂、非专一性整合酶抑制剂以及多肽类抑制剂等几大类. 其中链转移反应抑制剂结构类型最丰富、发展最快. 整合酶抑制剂的出现丰富了高效抗逆转录病毒疗法(HAART), 为多重抗药性艾滋病患者提供了新的有效的治疗方案.     

结构多样的HIV-1整合酶抑制剂:过去、现在和未来

HIV-1整合酶是逆转录病毒复制的必需酶,它催化病毒DNA与宿主染色体DNA的整合,而且在人类细胞中没有类似物,因此成为治疗艾滋病的富有吸引力和合理的靶标.最近十年,一大批HIV-1整合酶抑制剂被鉴定出来,其中一些化合物显示选择性的抑制HIV-1整合酶和阻断病毒复制的活性,而最有影响的两类抑制剂是含邻苯二酚的多羟基芳环化合物和最近报道的芳基β-二酮酸类化合物.全面综述了用于HIV-1整合酶抑制剂研究以发展抗HIV新药的不同种类的化合物,包括苯并咪唑类衍生物、核苷类、多肽、羟基取代的芳环化合物及二酮酸类化合物等,并阐述了这些化合物中对抑制活性重要的结构特征.同时也介绍了HIV-1整合酶的结构、功能以及HIV-1整合酶抑制剂的设计原理和作用机制.     

Synthesis of Novel 3-(5-(Alkyl/arylthio)-1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-yl)-8-Phenylquinolin-4(1H)-One Derivatives as Anti-HIV Agents

Novel quinolone derivatives featuring an 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring as a metal-chelating component and a benzyl group base on HIV-1 integrase inhibitors pharmacophore were designed and synthesized. An antiviral assay revealed that most analogues inhibited HIV-1 replication in the cell culture. Our results showed that compounds bearing small alkyl groups as R group were inactive in anti-HIV-1 assay, whereas compounds possessing benzyl or substituted benzyl at the same position showed good anti-HIV activity with the range of 20–57% at 100 μM concentration. Among them, 3-(5-((2-fluorobenzyl)thio)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-8-phenylquinolin-4-(1H)-one (compound 13) showed reasonable cell-based antiviral activity (EC₅₀ = 50 μM) with no considerable cytotoxicity (CC₅₀ > 100 μM) in the cell viability assay, suggesting that it may be amenable to further development for identifying new anti-HIV-1 agents. Docking studies using the later crystallographic data available for PFV integrase corroborate favorable binding to the active site of HIV integrase, providing a basis for the design of more potent analogues.     

Bovine Lactoferrampin,Human Lactoferricin,and Lactoferrin 1-11 Inhibit Nuclear Translocation of HIV Integrase

This study aimed to investigate fragments derived from human and bovine lactoferrins for ability to inhibit nuclear translocation of HIV-1 integrase. It was shown that human lactoferricin, human lactoferrin 1-11, and bovine lactoferrampin reduced nuclear distribution of HIV-1 integrase. Bovine lactoferrampin could inhibit both the activity and nuclear translocation of HIV-1 integrase. Human lactoferrampin, bovine lactoferricin, and bovine lactoferrin 1-11 had no effect on HIV-1 integrase nuclear translocation. Human lactoferrampin which inhibited the activity of integrase did not prevent its nuclear translocation. Human lactoferricin and lactoferrin 1-11 did not inhibit HIV-1 integrase nuclear translocation despite their ability to attenuate the enzyme activity. The discrepancy between the findings on reduction of HIV-1 activity and inhibition of nuclear translocation of HIV-1 integrase was due to the different mechanisms involved. A similar reasoning can also be applied to the different inhibitory potencies of the milk peptides on different HIV enzymes, i.e., nuclear translocation.     

A new synthesis of naphthyridinones and quinolinones: palladium-catalyzed amidation of o-carbonyl-substituted aryl halides

[reaction: see text] An alternative to the Friedlander condensation for the synthesis of naphthyridinones and quinolinones has been discovered. Palladium-catalyzed amidation of halo aromatics substituted in the ortho position by a carbonyl functional group or its equivalent with primary or secondary amides leads to the formation of substituted naphthyridinones and quinolinones.     

A quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics study of the protein-ligand interaction for inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase

Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 integrase (HIV-1 IN) is an essential enzyme for effective viral replication. Diketo acids such as L-731,988 and S-1360 are potent and selective inhibitors of HIV-1 IN. In this study, we used molecular dynamics simulations, within the hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) approach, to determine the protein-ligand interaction energy between HIV-1 IN and L-731,988 and 10 of its derivatives and analogues. This hybrid methodology has the advantage that it includes quantum effects such as ligand polarisation upon binding, which can be very important when highly polarisable groups are embedded in anisotropic environments, as for example in metal-containing active sites. Furthermore, an energy decomposition analysis was performed to determine the contributions of individual residues to the enzyme-inhibitor interactions on averaged structures obtained from rather extensive conformational sampling. Analysis of the results reveals first that there is a correlation between protein-ligand interaction energy and experimental strand transfer into human chromosomes and secondly that the Asn-155, Lys-156 and Lys-159 residues and the Mg(2+) ion are crucial to anti-HIV IN activity. These results may explain the available experimental data.     

2,3-位稠杂环喹唑啉酮类化合物的合成研究进展

2,3-位稠环喹唑啉酮类化合物由于具有多种优良的生物和生理活性而广泛应用于药物领域,其合成方法是目前药物研究的热点领域之一.本文主要介绍了包括以2-氨基苯甲酸类化合物、2-氨基苯甲酸甲酯类化合物、靛红酸酐类化合物、喹唑啉酮类化合物等为原料合成2,3-位稠环喹唑啉酮类化合物的方法,并对这些方法进行了简单的评述.     

Synthesis, Structure Characterization, and Cu^2＋ Recognition of 3-{ [3- （Phenylsulfonamido） benzoyl ] methylidene } -3,4- dihydroquinoxaline-2 （1H） -one

IntroductionSubstituted diketo acid derivatives possess a varie-ty of biological properties, such as analgesic[1—3], anti-bacterial[4]as well as anti-inflammatory[3]. Very re-cently, the results of random screening of millions ofcompounds have shown that…     

A general solid phase synthesis of 4-substituted quinolinones via Pd-catalyzed cross coupling

A general method for the solid phase synthesis of 4-hydroxy quinolinones and subsequent Pd-catalyzed cross coupling to afford 4-substituted quinolinones has been developed. Conversion of support-bound 4-hydroxy quinolinones to 4-tosyl quinolinones and subsequent treatment with alkyl, aryl, benzylzinc halides, or arylboronic acids in the presence of catalytic amount of Pd(PPh₃)₄ provides 4-alkyl, aryl, or benzyl quinolinones. This method allows for the introduction of alkyl, aryl, and benzyl groups at the 4-position of the quinolinone ring, and is ideal for parallel and combinatorial chemistry library synthesis.