Generalized Obata theorem and its applications on foliations

We prove the generalized Obata theorem on foliations. Let M be a complete Riemannian manifold with a foliation F of codimension q?2 and a bundle-like metric gM. Then (M,F) is transversally isometric to (Sq(1/c),G), where Sq(1/c) is the q-sphere of radius 1/c in (q+1)-dimensional Euclidean space and G is a discrete subgroup of the orthogonal group O(q), if and only if there exists a non-constant basic function f such that for all basic normal vector fields X, where c is a positive constant and ∇ is the connection on the normal bundle. By the generalized Obata theorem, we classify such manifolds which admit transversal non-isometric conformal fields.     

Harmonicity of unit vector fields with respect to Riemannian g-natural metrics

Let (M,g) be a compact Riemannian manifold and T₁M its unit tangent sphere bundle. Unit vector fields defining harmonic maps from (M,g) to , being the Sasaki metric on T₁M, have been extensively studied. The Sasaki metric, and other well known Riemannian metrics on T₁M, are particular examples of g-natural metrics. We equip T₁M with an arbitrary Riemannian g-natural metric , and investigate the harmonicity of a unit vector field V of M, thought as a map from (M,g) to . We then apply this study to characterize unit Killing vector fields and to investigate harmonicity properties of the Reeb vector field of a contact metric manifold.     

Dynamics of composite functions meromorphic outside a small set

Let M denote the class of functions f meromorphic outside some compact totally disconnected set E=E(f) and the cluster set of f at any a∈E with respect to is equal to . It is known that class M is closed under composition. Let f and g be two functions in class M, we study relationship between dynamics of f○g and g○f. Denote by F(f) and J(f) the Fatou and Julia sets of f. Let U be a component of F(f○g) and V be a component of F(g○f) which contains g(U). We show that under certain conditions U is a wandering domain if and only if V is a wandering domain; if U is periodic, then so is V and moreover, V is of the same type according to the classification of periodic components as U unless U is a Siegel disk or Herman ring.     

Classification of pinched positive scalar curvature manifolds

Let (Mn,g), n?3, be a smooth closed Riemannian manifold with positive scalar curvature Rg. There exists a positive constant C=C(M,g) defined by mean curvature of Euclidean isometric immersions, which is a geometric invariant, such that Rg?n(n−1)C. In this paper we prove that Rg=n(n−1)C if and only if (Mn,g) is isometric to the Euclidean sphere Sn(C) with constant sectional curvature C. Also, there exists a Riemannian metric g on Mn such that the scalar curvature satisfies the pinched condition

     

Smooth approximation of Lipschitz functions on Riemannian manifolds

We show that for every Lipschitz function f defined on a separable Riemannian manifold M (possibly of infinite dimension), for every continuous , and for every positive number r>0, there exists a C^∞ smooth Lipschitz function such that |f(p)−g(p)|?ε(p) for every p∈M and Lip(g)?Lip(f)+r. Consequently, every separable Riemannian manifold is uniformly bumpable. We also present some applications of this result, such as a general version for separable Riemannian manifolds of Deville-Godefroy-Zizler's smooth variational principle.     

Category and compact leaves

We prove that if F is a C¹-foliation of a compact manifold M with finite transverse saturated LS category, , then F has a compact leaf. In contrast, we show that if F is expansive on some non-trivial minimal set of F, then . Examples of foliations are given to illustrate the main results of the paper.     

Eigenvalue estimate of the basic Dirac operator on a Kähler foliation

Let F be a Kähler spin foliation of codimension q=2n on a compact Riemannian manifold M with the transversally holomorphic mean curvature form κ. It is well known [S.D. Jung, T.H. Kang, Lower bounds for the eigenvalue of the transversal Dirac operator on a Kähler foliation, J. Geom. Phys. 45 (2003) 75-90] that the eigenvalue λ of the basic Dirac operator Db satisfies the inequality , where σ∇ is the transversal scalar curvature of F. In this paper, we introduce the transversal Kählerian twistor operator and prove that the same inequality for the eigenvalue of the basic Dirac operator by using the transversal Kählerian twistor operator. We also study the limiting case. In fact, F is minimal and transversally Einsteinian of odd complex codimension n with nonnegative constant transversal scalar curvature.     

The ω-limit set of a graph map

Let G be a graph and be continuous. Denote by P(f), , ω(f) and Ω(f) the set of periodic points, the closure of the set of periodic points, ω-limit set and non-wandering set of f, respectively. In this paper we show that: (1) v∈ω(f) if and only if v∈P(f) or there exists an open arc L=(v,w) contained in some edge of G such that every open arc U=(v,c)⊂L contains at least 2 points of some trajectory; (2) v∈ω(f) if and only if every open neighborhood of v contains at least r+1 points of some trajectory, where r is the valence of v; (3) ; (4) if , then x has an infinite orbit.     

Indefinite locally conformal Kähler manifolds

We study the basic properties of an indefinite locally conformal Kähler (l.c.K.) manifold. Any indefinite l.c.K. manifold M with a parallel Lee form ω is shown to possess two canonical foliations F and Fc, the first of which is given by the Pfaff equation ω=0 and the second is spanned by the Lee and the anti-Lee vectors of M. We build an indefinite l.c.K. metric on the noncompact complex manifold Ω₊=(Λ₊?Λ₀)/Gλ (similar to the Boothby metric on a complex Hopf manifold) and prove a CR extension result for CR functions on the leafs of F when M=Ω₊ (where is −²|z₁|−?−²|zs|+²|zs+1|+?+²|zn|>0). We study the geometry of the second fundamental form of the leaves of F and Fc. In the degenerate cases (corresponding to a lightlike Lee vector) we use the technique of screen distributions and (lightlike) transversal bundles developed by A. Bejancu et al. [K.L. Duggal, A. Bejancu, Lightlike Submanifolds of Semi-Riemannian Manifolds and Applications, vol. 364, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, 1996].     

On a class of twistorial maps

We show that a natural class of twistorial maps gives a pattern for apparently different geometric maps, such as, (1,1)-geodesic immersions from (1,2)-symplectic almost Hermitian manifolds and pseudo horizontally conformal submersions with totally geodesic fibres for which the associated almost CR-structure is integrable. Along the way, we construct for each constant curvature Riemannian manifold (M,g), of dimension m, a family of twistor spaces such that Zr(M) parametrizes naturally the set of pairs (P,J), where P is a totally geodesic submanifold of (M,g), of codimension 2r, and J is an orthogonal complex structure on the normal bundle of P which is parallel with respect to the normal connection.     

Linearized inverse problem for the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map on differential forms

For a compact n-dimensional Riemannian manifold (M,g) with boundary i:∂M⊂M, the Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DN) map Λg:Ωk(∂M)→Ωn−k−1(∂M) is defined on exterior differential forms by Λgφ=i^∗(?dω), where ω solves the boundary value problem Δω=0, i^∗ω=φ, i^∗δω=0. For a symmetric second rank tensor field h on M, let be the Gateaux derivative of the DN map in the direction h. We study the question: for a given (M,g), how large is the subspace of tensor fields h satisfying ? Potential tensor fields belong to the subspace since the DN map is invariant under isomeries fixing the boundary. For a manifold of an even dimension n, the DN map on (n/2−1)-forms is conformally invariant, therefore spherical tensor fields belong to the subspace in the case of k=n/2−1. The manifold is said to be Ωk-rigid if there is no other h satisfying . We prove that the Ωk-rigidity is equivalent to the density of the range of some bilinear form on the space of exact harmonic fields.     

A non-linear structure preserving matrix method for the low rank approximation of the Sylvester resultant matrix

A non-linear structure preserving matrix method for the computation of a structured low rank approximation of the Sylvester resultant matrix S(f,g) of two inexact polynomials f=f(y) and g=g(y) is considered in this paper. It is shown that considerably improved results are obtained when f(y) and g(y) are processed prior to the computation of , and that these preprocessing operations introduce two parameters. These parameters can either be held constant during the computation of , which leads to a linear structure preserving matrix method, or they can be incremented during the computation of , which leads to a non-linear structure preserving matrix method. It is shown that the non-linear method yields a better structured low rank approximation of S(f,g) and that the assignment of f(y) and g(y) is important because may be a good structured low rank approximation of S(f,g), but may be a poor structured low rank approximation of S(g,f) because its numerical rank is not defined. Examples that illustrate the differences between the linear and non-linear structure preserving matrix methods, and the importance of the assignment of f(y) and g(y), are shown.     

Notes on ordered reproducing Hilbert spaces over the complex plane

Let f, g be entire functions. If there exist M₁,M₂>0 such that |f(z)|?M₁|g(z)| whenever |z|>M₂ we say that f?g. Let X be a reproducing Hilbert space with an orthogonal basis . We say that X is an ordered reproducing Hilbert space (or X is ordered) if f?g and g∈X imply f∈X. In this note, we show that if then X is ordered; if then X is not ordered. In the case , there are examples to show that X can be of order or opposite.     

Stabilizers and orbits of smooth functions

Let be a smooth function such that f(0)=0. We give a condition J(id) on f when for arbitrary preserving orientation diffeomorphism such that ?(0)=0 the function ?○f is right equivalent to f, i.e. there exists a diffeomorphism such that ?○f=f○h at 0∈Rm. The requirement is that f belongs to its Jacobi ideal. This property is rather general: it is invariant with respect to the stable equivalence of singularities, and holds for non-degenerated, simple, and many other singularities.We also globalize this result as follows. Let M be a smooth compact manifold, a surjective smooth function, DM the group of diffeomorphisms of M, and the group of diffeomorphisms of R that have compact support and leave [0,1] invariant. There are two natural right and left-right actions of DM and on C^∞(M,R). Let SM(f), SMR(f), OM(f), and OMR(f) be the corresponding stabilizers and orbits of f with respect to these actions. We prove that if f satisfies J(id) at each critical point and has additional mild properties, then the following homotopy equivalences hold: SM(f)≈SMR(f) and OM(f)≈OMR(f). Similar results are obtained for smooth mappings M→S¹.     

The mapping properties of filling radius and packing radius and their applications

Let be a map between closed, oriented Riemannian n-manifolds. It is shown that FillRad(W)?dil(f)⋅FillRad(V), if |deg(f)|=1. By this mapping property, we obtain an estimate from below for the filling radius of a closed, oriented, nonpositively curved manifold, or a manifold with sectional curvature bounded above by a positive constant. In addition, a similar mapping property of packing radius and a corollary are also obtained.     

Uniform asymptotic stability for perturbed neutral delay differential equations

One-dimensional perturbed neutral delay differential equations of the form (x(t)−P(t,x(t−τ)))′=f(t,x_t)+g(t,x_t) are considered assuming that f satisfies −v(t)M(φ)?f(t,φ)?v(t)M(−φ), where M(φ)=max{0,max_s∈[−r,0]φ(s)}. A typical result is the following: if ‖g(t,φ)‖?w(t)‖φ‖ and , then the zero solution is uniformly asymptotically stable providing that the zero solution of the corresponding equation without perturbation (x(t)−P(t,x(t−τ)))′=f(t,x_t) is uniformly asymptotically stable. Some known results associated with this equation are extended and improved.     

Coincidence Nielsen numbers for covering maps for smooth manifolds

Let be maps between closed smooth manifolds of the same dimension, and let and be finite regular covering maps. If the manifolds are nonorientable, using semi-index, we introduce two new Nielsen numbers. The first one is the Linear Nielsen number NL(f,g), which is a linear combination of the Nielsen numbers of the lifts of f and g. The second one is the Nonlinear Nielsen number NED(f,g). It is the number of certain essential classes whose inverse images by p are inessential Nielsen classes. In fact, N(f,g)=NL(f,g)+NED(f,g), where by abuse of notation, N(f,g) denotes the coincidence Nielsen number defined using semi-index.     

A remark on the existence of entire positive solutions for a class of semilinear elliptic systems

Under the simple conditions on f and g, we show that entire positive radial solutions exist for the semilinear elliptic system Δu=p(|x|)f(v), Δv=q(|x|)g(u), x∈RN, N?3, where the functions are continuous.     

Locally strongly convex hypersurfaces with constant affine mean curvature

Let be a locally strongly convex hypersurface, given by a strictly convex function xn+1=f(x₁,…,xn) defined in a convex domain Ω⊂An. We consider the Riemannian metric G# on M, defined by . In this paper we prove that if M is a locally strongly convex surface with constant affine mean curvature and if M is complete with respect to the metric G#, then M must be an elliptic paraboloid.     

Codimension reduction and second fundamental form of CR submanifolds in complex space forms

Considering n-dimensional real submanifolds M of a complex space form which are CR submanifolds of CR dimension , we study the condition h(FX,Y)+h(X,FY)=0 on the structure tensor F naturally induced from the almost complex structure J of the ambient manifold and on the second fundamental form h of submanifolds M.