多焦距多通道全息光学元件

本文介绍了由不同焦距与不同衍射方向的全息透镜组合而成的一种新型全息元件。这种元件中的每个透镜具有相同的物方光轴和不同的象方光轴。它可以把物方空间沿光轴方向上的不同物距上的物面分别成像在对应的通道上,从而把一个三维物场变为多个二维像进行显示。文中给出了应用此元件对三线粒子场进行检测的初步结果。     

全息显示技术讲座 第六讲 其他全息显示方法

<正> 全息显示是全息术发明以来所取得的最卓有成效和最重要的应用之一.前五讲,我们介绍了适合于显示用的各种全息图:透射和反射菲涅耳型全息图、象全息图、傅里叶变换全息图和彩虹全息图,并概述了全息显示的重要成果——合成全息和全息电影.这一讲介绍其它全息显示方法,从中可进一步看到全息显示的广阔前景。一、深度多路合成全息第五讲中,介绍了角度多路合成全息,即从一系列不同角度拍摄的物体二维照片综合成一张全息图,可以再现原来的三维物体。这里,我们介绍另一种合成全息——深度多路合成全息。它是从一系列不同深度拍摄的二维照     

二维光学沃尔什—哈特曼变换

从光学变换的基本方程出发,分析了变换所需的空间横向调制型全息透镜的相位误差,提出用计算机产生全息图和光学全息相结合的方法产生高精度的二维变换全息透镜.在实验上实现了二维32序的光学沃尔什-哈特曼变换,实验结果与理论计算一致.     

利用马赫-曾德干涉光路制作二维全息光栅

全息光栅是一种重要的分光元件,而全息光栅的制作实验也是目前国内很多高校开设的一个综合性设计性实验。利用马赫-曾德干涉光路进行全息光栅的制作。通过改变全息记录光束的夹角以及旋转全息干板进行多次曝光的方式,制作了具有不同光栅常数的二维全息光栅结构。通过光栅衍射光斑,可以验证各种二维光栅结构的存在。     

一种制作多色彩全息图的新方法

本文首先提出了一种制作二维透射物彩虹全息图的新方法，即利用一专门设计的全息光学元件──色编码板，采用单光束制作所需物体的彩虹全息图；在此基础上，通过对色编码板的进一步理论设计，制作了一组对应不同主波长的色编码板，实现了记录物体的多色彩虹再现全息图。实验结果表明，此方案简便易行，光路布置灵活性高，且能有效地消除纵向色差的影响，特别适合于模压全息图制造中母全息图的拍摄，并降低了对环境稳定性的要求。     

混合型双光束干涉全息照相的设计与探究

基于单光束干涉和一般的双光束干涉全息照相实验，本文设计了一种反射透射混合型双光束干涉光路，从理论上分析了两束物光与一束参考光干涉叠加后在全息干板上的强度分布情况，通过对照实验：拍摄只有反射物光的单光束干涉光路、只有透射物光的单光束干涉光路、反射透射混合型双光束干涉光路的全息图，对比分析成像效果，结果表明本文设计的光路拍摄得到的全息图成像更完整、更清晰、层次感更强；并进一步通过控制变量法，改变不同的影响因素，进而提高全息图的成像质量。经过多次探究，结果表明，当使用GS-I型全息干板，使用功率约为2.23mW、波长为632.8nm的氦氖激光器拍摄全息图时，控制曝光时间为15s,反射物光与参考光之间的夹角为25°～35°,透射物光与参考光之间的夹角为20°～30°,反射物光、透射物光与参考光的光强比约为1∶1∶1,全息图整体成像效果最佳。     

全息干涉光学格点一到三维空间维度的简捷变换

采用计算机模拟技术,研究了激光全息干涉光学格点从一维、二维到三维的简易空间变换.采用镜像添加光束技术,改变光束配置,可以较容易地实现干涉场光学格点从二维到三维的空间变换.进一步研究发现,若改变入射光束的偏振方向,干涉场可由三维结构变为一维层状结构,并且层状结构周期最小可达半个光波长.本文对全息光刻制作各种空间维度,尤其是光学波段禁带的光子晶体提供了简捷可行的实验技术思路.     

数字微镜器件在视频全息中的应用

为研究数字微镜器件在视频全息中的应用,探讨了基于数字微镜器件的全息编码方法。基于数字微镜器件的微观物理结构,讨论二维离散微镜像素结构、开态微镜列的闪耀光栅特性和脉宽调制的微镜偏转工作原理。将数字微镜器件分辨力、微镜尺寸、间隔、旋转角度、参考光入射角以及衍射条件等因素结合到计算全息编码中,提出干涉面抽样方法、相位补偿技术和无偏置二元全息编码方法,使产生的计算全息图适应数字微镜器件独特的空间光调制特性和计算视频全息的要求。实验表明,该方法调整了重构物光波的衍射方向,集中了衍射光在重构像中的分布,增加了成像清晰度和光能有效利用率,提高了全息编码效率。     

准晶结构的激光全息人工制作

报道了用激光全息刻写技术结合感光聚合材料体系制作介观尺度二维准周期结构(准晶). 并在前期工作的基础上，研究了不同曝光量对二维空气柱孔径的影响，不同偏振对准晶结构花样的影响. 实验结果显示，可以制作的二维准晶的空气柱孔径可达100nm，而且结构均匀，无缺陷面积大. 用此实验系统可以制作多种花样二维甚至是三维准晶结构. 目前，除激光全息刻写技术外，用其他传统精密机械加工技术来人工制作介观准晶体尚存在很大挑战性. 关键词： 准晶结构 光子晶体 激光全息技术     

利用数字全息干涉术观察RuO2:LiNbO3晶体中畴反转的区域特性

利用马赫-曾德尔干涉光路和4f光学透镜系统，以部分畴反转的掺钌铌酸锂晶体(RuO₂:LiNbO₃)的透射光作为物光来记录全息图，并在数值再现过程对其进行频域滤波以实现物场波前信息的数值重建，检测出在一定电压作用下晶体内部折射率变化的二维分布.检测结果证实：晶体中发生畴反转的区域与发生电色效应的区域严格相符.数字全息干涉术非接触、无干扰、无破坏的优势在准实时监控、检测和分析铌酸锂晶体畴反转方面有很好的应用前景. 关键词： 畴反转 数字全息干涉术 电色效应     

动态全息三维显示研究最新进展

全息三维显示是真三维显示技术, 其原理是利用光学干涉记录和衍射再现将物体或场景的三维信息全部重建出来, 所以观看全息三维图像与观看真实物体或场景的效果一样. 近期全息研究领域有一些突破性的成果被报道, 将推动全息显示的应用不断走向成熟. 本文将重点介绍基于光学材料和空间光调制器为全息图承载载体的动态全息三维显示最新发展状况. 虽然动态全息三维显示研究仍然存在挑战, 但最近研究中已经利用光学材料实现了实时动态全息三维视频显示, 这为未来实现大尺寸、高分辨率、彩色全息真三维视频显示提供了可能.     

在粗糙表面上用液晶空间光调制器进行振动测量

为实现在一段时间内连续实时观测振动物体的全息干涉图形,采用覆盖铝箔的喇叭作为振动物体,利用铝箔原有未经特殊处理表面反射的漫反射光成像,并用光寻址液晶空间光调制器(Liquid crystal-sparial lightmodulator,LC-SLM)作为全息记录载体,来实现振动测量。实验中采用时间平均干涉测量法,得到了不同振动频率下物体的干涉图形。同时在连续改变振动物体的振动频率时,可以清晰地观察到物体振动全息干涉图形的变化过程,即近实时的全息干涉图形。     

Computer-generated true-color rainbow holograms

A new method of calculating computer-generated true-color rainbow holograms (CGTCRH) is proposed. This technique allows the true-color object reconstruction. The main idea of the presented work is based on the additive properties of holographic wavefront reconstruction such that the resulting hologram is a superposition of three (or more) holograms, with each of them producing different color reconstruction of the same object. White light and monochromatic light reconstruction results are discussed.     

Holographic imaging of full-color real-existing three-dimensional objects with computer-generated sequential kinoforms

We propose a computational method for generating sequential kinoforms of real-existing full-color threedimensional (3D) objects and realizing high-quality 3D imaging.The depth map and color information are obtained using non-contact full-color 3D measurement system based on binocular vision.The obtained full-color 3D data are decomposed into multiple slices with RGB channels.Sequential kinoforms of each channel are calculated and reconstructed using a Fresnel-diffraction-based algorithm called the dynamicpseudorandom-phase tomographic computer holography (DPP-TCH).Color dispersion introduced by different wavelengths is well compensated by zero-padding operation in the red and green channels of object slices.Numerical reconstruction results show that the speckle noise and color-dispersion are well suppressed and that high-quality full-color holographic 3D imaging is feasible.The method is useful for improving the 3D image quality in holographic displays with pixelated phase-type spatial light modulators (SLMs).     

Visible reconstruction by a circular holographic display from digital holograms recorded under infrared illumination

A circular holographic display that consists of phase-only spatial light modulators is used to reconstruct images in visible light from digital holograms recorded under infrared (10.6?μm) illumination. The reconstruction yields a holographic digital video display of a three-dimensional ghostlike image of an object floating in space where observers can move and rotate around it.     

Computer-generated kinoforms of real-existing full-color 3D objects using pure-phase look-up-table method

A computational method based on pure-phase look-up-table (LUT) is proposed for generating kinoforms of full-color real-existing three-dimensional (3D) objects. The principle of the pure-phase LUT method is described. 3D depth as well as color information of a full-color 3D object is obtained by the full-color 3D profile measurement approach based on binocular vision. The obtained full-color 3D data is decomposed into red (R), green (G), and blue (B) channels, and kinoforms of each channel are calculated from the depth map and color information of the corresponding channel using the pure-phase LUT method. In order to reduce the speckle noise of reconstructed full-color 3D image, sequential kinoforms of each color channel are generated by adding dynamic-pseudorandom phase factor into the object domain. Numerical reconstruction and optical reconstruction with a phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM) show that, with the proposed method, full-color holographic 3D display of real-existing full-color 3D objects is available.     

Color holographic zoom system based on a liquid lens

In this Letter, we propose a color holographic zoom system based on a liquid lens. We use the spatial multiplexing method to realize color reconstruction. By controlling the focal lengths of the liquid lens and the encoded digital lens on the spatial light modulator panel, we can change the magnification of the reconstructed image very quickly, without mechanical parts and keeping the output plane stationary.     

A Color Holographic Reconstruction System by Time Division Multiplexing with Reference Lights of Laser

3D-TV systems by holography technique have been studied in the world. In this paper, we report a color holographic reconstruction system by time division multiplexing method with reference lights of laser. The method can reconstruct a color holographic image by switching reference lights of red, green and blue colors at certain intervals. We can observe a color holographic image using red and green lasers as the reference lights, a high minute liquid crystal display (LCD) panel as a spatial light modulator (SLM) and electro-shutters as the shuttering device of the laser lights in the optical system. This approach has some advantages. Namely, the structure of the optical system can be simple and the number of LCD panels in the optical system can be decreased.     

基于光场重构的空间三维显示技术

真实空间三维显示可以通过精确再现三维物体的空间光场分布来实现.依据三维景物空间光场分布特性,提出并介绍基于光场重构的真实空间三维场景显示的基本原理与方法.实验表明,利用光场重构原理,可以运用现有的光学空间光调制器构造出比全息再现更为优越的真实三维显示.     

A method of making a true color stereoscopic hologram

A true color stereoscopic hologram is made with one-wavelength laser. Under illuminating incandescent lamp, a true color stereoscopic image can be seen from the hologram. A diffused reference light and a project object light are used in the recording of the hologram. The three primary color images of natural scenery are encoded on a white-and-black film. With the help of the encoded film, a true color hologram is recorded on a plate by single exposure and a true color stereoscopic by two exposures. The simplification of this method is apparent. Further more, it largely decreases the scattering noise of the hologram and averts the problem of color lack fidelity of the holographic image.