Dilatometric and high temperature X-ray diffractometric studies of La1−xMxCrO3 (M=Sr, Nd, x=0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20 and 0.25) compounds

The phase transition, bulk and lattice thermal expansion behaviour of the strontium and neodymium substituted lanthanum chromites have been studied by dilatometry and high temperature X-ray powder diffractometry from room temperature to 1123 and 1073 K, respectively, in static air. The studies revealed that the temperature of the orthorhombic to rhombohedral phase transition, which occurred at 550 K in undoped LaCrO₃, decreased on substitution of Sr²⁺ ions and increased on substitution of Nd³⁺ ions, systematically. However, the coefficients of average linear and volume thermal expansion (_l and _v) of LaCrO₃ showed a marginal increase on Sr²⁺ substitution to different extent, whereas a reverse trend was observed with Nd³⁺ substitution. The phase transition temperatures and _l and _v of the compounds as determined by dilatometric and high temperature X-ray diffractometric methods are reported.     

4-甲基苯并-15-冠-5对某些镧系放射性核素的萃取

本文研究了4-甲基苯并-15-冠-5三氯甲烷溶液从苦味酸水溶液中对某些镧系放射性核素(¹⁴⁴Ce、¹⁴⁷Nd、^152+154Eu、¹⁷⁰Tm和¹⁶⁹Yb)的萃取。从斜率分析得出,被萃取状态为1:2:3(金属离子/冠醚/苦味酸根)络合物。在25℃,测定了三价镧系元素的苹取常数(K_ex),得到下列次序:Nd³⁺>Eu³⁺>Ce³⁺>Tm³⁺>Yb³⁺。结果表明,Nd³⁺的离子大小(r=0.995)比其它镧系元素可能更接近4-甲基苯并-15-冠-5环孔的大小。 为了将镧系元素与锕系元素作比较,还测定了4-甲基苯并-15-冠-5对Th⁴⁺、UO₂²⁺和Am³⁺的萃取率,所得到的萃取率次序为Th⁴⁺>Am³⁺UO₂²⁺。实验证明,4-甲基苯并-15-冠-5将可能是溶剂萃取法分离铀和钍的有用试剂。 溶剂和添加剂影响萃取实验表明,在有机相添加正丁醇或异戊醇,或者以高极性的溶剂(例如,硝基苯)替代三氯甲烷,都能显著地增加对镧系元素的萃取。     

SYNTHESES AND SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES OF LANTHANIDE COMPLEXES, Ln(acac)_3(Ph_3PO)_3

A series of new complexes of formula Ln(acac)_s(Ph_3PO)_3 (where Ln~(3+)=Nd~(3+), Sm~(3+), Eu~(3+), Tb~(3+), Ho~(3+)) have been prepared and characterized. The coordination of two ligands with lanthanide ions are studied by IR spectra, ~1H, ~(13)C, ~(31)P-NMR and metal-ligand charge tranafer tranaition is also discussed via electronic adaorption and luminescence spectroscopy.     

镧系元素Dawson结构钨钒磷四元杂多配合物的合成、表征以及对H2O2分解的催化活性

合成了通式为K₁₅H₃[Ce(P₂W₁₆VO₆₁)₂]·61H₂O、K₁₅H₄[Ln(P₂W₁₆VO₆₁)₂]·xH₂O(Ln=La³⁺,Pr³⁺,Nd³⁺,Sm³⁺,Eu³⁺,Gd³⁺,Dy³⁺,Yb³⁺)的9种镧系元素Dawson结构的钨钒磷四元杂多配合物,并用IR、UV、NMR、ESR、XRD、TG-DTA等对其结构和性质进行了研究。该类配合物具有与K₁₆[Ce(P₂W₁₇VO₆₁)₂]·50H₂O类似的结构,对H₂O₂分解有较高的催化活性。     

稀土离子跨人血红细胞膜的荧光法研究

采用Fura-2荧光浓度指示剂对红细胞的稀土跨膜作用进行了系列研究.结果表明,稀土离子不能通过完整的红细胞膜进入细胞内.通过与离子载体实验相对照,发现细胞ATP耗竭后,低浓度的稀土离子(5×10^-6mol/L)不能跨膜进入ATP-耗竭红细胞.KCl去极化及加入电压依赖性钙通道刺激剂Bay-K8644对稀土离子的跨膜也没有促进作用.在Ca²⁺内流正常的情况下,低浓度稀土离子(5×10^-6mol/L)对钙离子内流无影响.增大稀土离子浓度到5×10^-4mol/L,用显微镜观察此时红细胞已开始溶血.在模拟胞内离子组分的缓冲液中(pH=7.05),比较了La³⁺,Eu³⁺和Ca²⁺对Fura-2的敏感程度.此条件下Fura-2对La³⁺和Eu³⁺的检测限分别为10-12和10-14mol/L,对Ca²⁺的检测限为10-8mol/L,并测得Fura-2-La³⁺(Eu³⁺)的络合比为1∶1,表观离解常数为1.7×10^-12和4.95×10^-14mol/L,表明用此法检测稀土离子跨膜行为相当灵敏有效.     

稀土-全反式维甲酸-缬氨酸三元配合物的合成、表征及抗肿瘤活性检测

在无水乙醇介质中,合成了4种新型稀土三元固体配合物。 通过红外光谱、紫外光谱、元素分析和TG-DTA等技术手段测试,确定了配合物的化学组成为:REL₂L'·nH₂O (RE:Nd³⁺,Eu³⁺,La³⁺,Sc³⁺;L=全反式维甲酸;L'=L-缬氨酸)。 利用MTT测试法,检测了配合物对体外培养的人肝癌细胞HepG2、人肺癌细胞A549和人宫颈癌细胞Hela生长的影响。 结果表明,4种稀土配合物与稀土硝酸盐、配体全反式维甲酸和L-缬氨酸对3种癌细胞株的生长均有一定的抑制作用,但在一定的浓度范围内,三元固体配合物的抑制效果明显优于稀土硝酸盐和2种配体;稀土配合物对3种癌细胞株生长的抑制作用基本上随浓度的升高而增强,存在一定的时间依赖性和浓度依赖性。 为了进一步阐明抗肿瘤作用的原因,利用光谱方法和黏度法的手段,对配合物与DNA之间的相互作用方式做了考察,推测配合物抗肿瘤活性的起效与这种嵌入DNA双螺旋结构的作用方式有关。     

Preparation and Luminescence Behavior of CaSiO3：Eu^3＋（Bi^3＋）

CaSiO3：Eu0.08^3＋Bi0.002^3＋ with a monoclinic perovskite structure was synthesized by using sol-gel method, and its luminescence characteristics were investigated. From the excitation spectrum, it can be seen that the main peaks located at 238,396,415,437 and 359 nm correspond to the charge-transfer band of Eu^3＋-O^2- , the absorption transitions of ^7F0.1→^3L6, ^7F0→^5D3, ^7F1→^5D3 of Eu^3＋ ions, and ^3P1→^1S0 of Bi^3＋ ions, respectively. When the samples were excited with a light of wavelength 359 or 395 nm, it can be seen from the emission spectrum that the electronic dipole transition located at 609 nm corresponding to ^5D0→^7F2 of Eu^3＋ ions was stronger than the magnetic dipole transition located at 587 nm corresponding to ^5D0→^7F1 of Eu^3＋ ions, which shows that more Eu^3＋ ions were located in nonreversion center lattices. The energy transfer from Bi^3＋ ions to Eu^3＋ ions in the phosphor was also discussed. The results show that Eu^3＋ ions could be well sensitized by ^3＋ions, and the energy-transfer pattern between Bi^3＋ ions and Eu^3＋ ions was resonance energy transfer.     

Synthesis of a di(2-picolyl)amino-β-diketone dual-functional ligand that can coordinate to europium(III) for responding to copper(II) and sulfide ions

Lanthanide complex-based luminescent probes/chemosensors have shown great utilities in various biological and environmental assays with time-resolved detection mode to eliminate background noises. In this work, by conjugating di(2-picolyl)amine (DPA) with a tetradentate β-diketone 1,2-bis[4'- (1",1",1",2",2"-pentafluoro-3",5"-pentanedion-5"-yl)benzyl]-4-chlorosulfo-benzene (BPPBCB), a novel dual-functional ligand that can coordinate to Eu³⁺ for responding to Cu²⁺ and S^2- ions in aqueous media, DPA-BPPBCB, has been designed and synthesized. The β-diketone moiety of DPA-BPPBCB can form a strongly luminescent complex with Eu³⁺. Upon reaction with Cu²⁺, accompanied by the formation of heterobimetallic complex Cu²⁺-DPA-BPPBCB-Eu³⁺, the Eu³⁺ luminescence was quenched. While in the presence of S^2-, owing to the high affinity of S^2- to Cu²⁺, stable CuS was formed, which resulted in the release of Cu²⁺ from Cu²⁺-DPA-BPPBCB-Eu³⁺, to restore the luminescence of the Eu³⁺ complex. This unique “on-off-on” luminescence response of the Eu³⁺ complex enabled Cu²⁺ and S^2- ions in aqueous media to be detected with time-resolved luminescence detection mode.     

Gd2ZnTiO6∶Dy3+, Eu3+单基质白光荧光粉的制备与发光性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出Dy³⁺, Eu³⁺共掺杂Gd₂ZnTiO₆白光荧光粉. 通过X射线衍射(XRD)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 光致发光(PL)光谱对荧光粉的物相、 形貌及荧光性质进行了表征. 结果表明, 所制备的样品均为双钙钛矿结构, 属于单斜晶系(空间群: P2₁/n), 形貌为2~5 μm无规则形状的颗粒. 在392 nm近紫外光的激发下, Gd₂ZnTiO₆∶Dy³⁺,Eu³⁺荧光粉展现出Dy³⁺的蓝光、 黄光发射以及Eu³⁺的特征红光发射. 此外, 通过调节Dy³⁺和Eu³⁺的掺杂浓度, 可实现低色温的暖白光发射. 基于样品优异的荧光性能, 该荧光粉在近紫外激发白光LED中具有一定的开发潜力.     

KMnF3的熔盐法合成及掺铕体系的发光性质

采用简单的熔盐法合成了KMnF₃单相样品及稀土离子铕掺杂的KMnF₃（KMnF₃：Eu）荧光样品. X射线粉末衍射（XRD）表征结果显示,KMnF₃属立方晶系,为AMF₃型钙钛矿结构氟化物. 对样品KMnF₃：Eu的发光性质进行了研究,荧光光谱分析结果表明,Mn²⁺,Eu²⁺与Eu³⁺这3个发光中心共存于KMnF₃：Eu体系中. 讨论了改变掺入Eu离子的摩尔分数对Mn²⁺,Eu²⁺以及Eu³⁺发光强度的影响.     

混合价态Eu(+2,+3)离子激活的单一组分发光材料:设计合成、发光性质及机理

作为绿色照明光源的典型代表,白光发光二极管(LED)被誉为21世纪的新一代照明光源。而作为白光LED重要组成部分的荧光粉,对其性能要求也不断被提升。Eu~(2+)和Eu~(3+)由于其电子结构上的差别导致其截然不同的发光性质。其中,Eu~(2+)的特征发射为4f–4f跃迁,而Eu~(3+)离子的特征发射为4f–5d跃迁。为了结合两者各自的发光特性,近年来对于混合价态Eu离子的研究成为热点。混合价态Eu离子掺杂荧光粉结合了Eu~(2+)和Eu3+离子各自的发光特点,具有颜色灵活可调的优良性质。本文主要从Eu~(2+)、Eu~(3+)各自性质出发,从不等价取代、晶场调控等三个方面综述了混合价态Eu(+2,+3)离子激活的单一基质发光材料近年来的研究进展。此外,对不同方法制备的混合价态Eu离子掺杂荧光粉的发光性能及发光机理也进行了归纳总结,为无机荧光材料的发展提供了新的思路。     

钽掺杂六方相氧化钨对Sr2+的吸附:Zeta电位的测量及吸附机理的研究

研究Ta掺杂六方相氧化钨(hex-WO₃)材料在吸附Sr²⁺过程中其表面zeta电位的变化情况,并进一步探讨了吸附过程的热力学及吸附机理。结果表明：(1)在实验pH值范围内,Ta掺杂hex-WO₃悬浮液的zeta电位值随溶液中电解质的价态增大而增大;(2)且zeta电位随体系中离子强度的增加而增大;(3) Ta掺杂hex-WO₃对Sr²⁺的吸附容量随着温度降低而增大,随着离子强度的增加而减少;(4)吸附过程的吸附焓为－47 kJ·mol^-1,且Sr²⁺离子与材料表面之间主要为化学相互作用;(5) Ta掺杂hex-WO₃对Sr²⁺吸附过程主要为材料表面吸附及材料孔道内离子交换共同作用。     

Highly efficient blue up-conversion of Tm in Nd–Yb–Tm co-doped ZrF4-based fluoride glass

Up-conversion luminescence and energy-transfer processes in Nd³⁺, Yb³⁺ and Tm³⁺ co-doped ZrF₄-based fluoride glasses have been studied under 800 nm light excitation. Blue up-converted emission around 478 nm which can be assigned to the Tm³⁺:¹G₄→³H₆ transition, was strongly observed. Up-conversion luminescence intensity exhibited an YbF₃-concentration dependence. Among the Nd³⁺, Yb³⁺ and Tm³⁺, Nd³⁺ and Tm³⁺ have ground state absorption bands due to the (²H_9/2,⁴F_5/2)←⁴I_9/2 and ³F₄←³H₆ transitions, respectively, which can be directly pumped by 800 nm radiation. However, no emissions were observed in Tm³⁺ singly-doped and Tm³⁺–Yb³⁺ doubly-doped glasses under 800 nm excitation. Therefore, a possible up-conversion mechanism may be proposed as follows: energy-transfer firstly occurs from Nd³⁺ to Yb³⁺ when Nd³⁺ is excited by 800 nm light, then the energy is transferred from Yb³⁺ to Tm³⁺ which is in the excited state and, finally, blue up-conversion emission of Tm³⁺ is observed through the Tm³⁺:¹G₄→³H₆ transition.     

Long Lasting Phosphorescence Properties and Multi-peak Fitting on Thermoluminescence of Red LaAlO3: Eu3+ Phosphor

Red long lasting phosphorescence(LLP) was firstly observed in LaAlO₃:Eu³⁺ phosphor synthesized by solid state method at 1773 K. It reveals that the Eu³⁺ ions occupy the asymmetric La³⁺ sites, resulting in the orange-red emission of Eu³⁺. The LLP of the optimum LaAlO₃:0.6%Eu³⁺ sample can come to about 2000 s according to a definition of 0.32 mcd/m². The LLP decay curve can not be fitted even by a function of three exponential terms, due to the complicated retrapping process of carriers. The result of a classical multi-peak fitting method on thermoluminescence reveals that the excellent LLP performance of LaAlO₃:Eu³⁺ material originates from the rich distribution of shallow traps(E=0.7875 eV).     

NaYF4:Nd3+,Yb3+纳米粒子用于生物体系温度测量

采用溶剂热法制备了Nd³⁺敏化Yb³⁺的近红外纳米探针NaYF₄:Nd³⁺,Yb³⁺,观察到材料在980与865 nm两处发光峰的强度比值随温度的升高而降低。通过对探针中Nd³⁺/Yb³⁺比例的调节,综合考虑材料的发光强度与温敏效率,确定了NaYF4:2%Nd, 20%Yb为所测条件下适用于测量生物体系温度的较优组成。材料转水相前后温敏效率均随着Yb³⁺离子掺杂增加而提高,环己烷中最高可达1.9%·K^-1,水相中最高为0.46%·K^-1。通过盖肉片模拟及激光加热活体成像实验,研究了温敏材料在生物环境中发光随温度的变化情况,以及组织遮挡前后荧光比值未发生明显变化的结果,初步验证了使用该探针测量生物体系温度的可行性。     

Ba_3Y(PO_4)_3∶Dy~(3+),Eu~(3+)单基质白光荧光粉的制备与发光性能

为了探究在Dy~(3+)掺杂Ba_3Y(PO_4)_3荧光粉中共掺Eu~(3+)离子对其发光性能的影响,我们采用传统高温固相法制备了一系列Dy~(3+)、Eu~(3+)单掺杂和共掺杂Ba_3Y(PO_4)_3荧光粉。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、荧光发射光谱和荧光衰减曲线对样品进行了表征。结果表明,所制备的荧光粉呈闪铋矿立方相。在近紫外光激发下,Ba_3Y(PO_4)_3∶Dy~(3+)发射光谱在487和578 nm处有两个窄带发射峰,呈冷白光发射;Ba_3Y(PO_4)_3∶Eu~(3+)发射光谱的窄带发射位于594和616 nm处,呈发橙红光。在Ba_3Y(PO_4)_3∶Dy~(3+),Eu~(3+)中,由于Eu~(3+)离子补偿Dy~(3+)冷白光发射所缺的红色组分,从而实现了色纯度高、色温适中的暖白光发射。进一步探索了Ba_3Y(PO_4)_3∶Dy~(3+),Eu~(3+)荧光粉发光机理。所制备的Ba_3Y(PO_4)_3∶Dy~(3+),Eu~(3+)单基质白光荧光粉在白光近紫外激发白光二极管(UVWLED)领域具有潜在应用价值。     

二(2-乙基己基)二硫代次膦酸对硝酸溶液中Am3+和Eu3+的萃取

以正十二烷作稀释剂, 研究了二(2-乙基己基)二硫代次膦酸(D2EHDTPA)对HNO₃溶液中Am³⁺和Eu³⁺的萃取行为. 考察了酸度、 萃取剂及N{\mathrm{O}}_3^{-}浓度和皂化度对萃取的影响. 在考察的pH范围(2.5~4.5)内, D2EHDTPA萃取Am³⁺和Eu³⁺的分配比(D)随pH值增大而增加; pH=3.65时, 分离因子(SF_Am/Eu)值达到最大(4000). 随D2EHDTPA浓度的增加, D_Am和D_Eu值均增加. 斜率分析表明, D2EHDTPA萃取Am³⁺和Eu³⁺主要形成3:1和2:1型的萃合物. N{\mathrm{O}}_3^{-}未直接参与D2EHDTPA对Am³⁺和Eu³⁺的萃取反应. D2EHDTPA经NaOH皂化后, 萃取能力显著增强, SF_Am/Eu值提高到10⁴量级, 萃取容量约为理论值的60%. 此外, 使用高分辨质谱、 红外光谱和等温微量热滴定方法研究了D2EHDTPA与Eu³⁺的配位化学行为, 得到了金属离子与配体的组成比、 络合物稳定常数以及配位热力学参数ΔH, ΔS和ΔG值.     

Laser-excited fluorescence spectroscopy and crystal field analysis of europium(III)-doped cordierite glass

The ⁵D₀→⁷F_0-2 emission of Eu³⁺ in cordierite is reported. Fluorescence line-narrowed emission by the ⁵D₀←⁷F₀ transition was used to study local structure around the Eu³⁺ ion in cordierite glass. It was found that the Eu³⁺ ion forms quasi-molecular complexes with the non-bridging oxygen, enabling the FLN data to be accounted for in terms of a single non-random distribution of crystal field strengths.     

Preparation and Luminescence Properties of Color-tunable Single-phased LaPO4: Eu3+/Tb3+ Phosphors

A novel series of color-tunable single-phased phosphors La_1-x-yPO₄:xEu³⁺/yTb³⁺(x=0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05; y=0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) was synthesized via microwave-assisted co-precipitation method with diammonium hydrogen phosphate as precipitant. The morphology, crystal structure and photoluminescence properties of the as-prepared samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and fluorescence spectrophotometer. The results reveal that the as-synthesized samples calcined at 1100℃ display spherical morphology with uniform distribution. Upon excitation with 350 nm ultraviolet radiation, the LaPO₄:Eu³⁺/Tb³⁺ phosphors showed a green light peaking at 543 nm assigned to the characteristic ⁵D₄-⁷F₅ emission of Tb³⁺ and a red light peaking at 591 nm corresponding to the characteristic ⁵D₀-⁷F₁ emission of Eu³⁺ simultaneously. For the Eu³⁺/Tb³⁺ co-activated phosphors, Tb³⁺ acts as an efficient sensitizer to enhance the emission intensity of Eu³⁺ ions. The energy transfer mechanism and the emission color tunability of LaPO₄:Eu³⁺/Tb³⁺ have been studied. The results indicate that a color-tunable luminescence(from green to white to red) can be achieved by adjusting the Eu³⁺/Tb³⁺ doping ratio in the LaPO₄ host matrix.     

Optical spectra of Yb and Yb–Nd interaction in Cs2NaNd0,4Yb0,6Cl6

Interaction between octahedrally coordinated Nd³⁺ and Yd³⁺ in Cs₂NaNd_0,4Yb_0,6Cl₆ reduces the Nd³⁺ luminescence lifetime by roughly two orders of magnitude with respect to that found in Cs₂NaNdCl_{6– · –} Analysis of low temperature absorption and emission spectra reveals that the nonradiative Nd³⁺–Yb³⁺ energy transfer has to be assisted by lattice phonon emission, nevertheless the rate of the transfer is high in the 4–300 K temperature region and attains 5.8×10⁵s^-1 at room temperature. A phase transition of Cs₂NaNd_0,4Yb_0,6Cl₆ between 12 and 13 K is evidenced by abrupt change of both the spectra and lifetimes of Yb³⁺. Reduction of Yb³⁺ lifetime from 5.3 ms to 150 μs is at the transition from low symmetry phase to high symmetry phase is supposed to be associated with a three ion interaction which occurs in ordered lattice and disappears in low temperature disordered structure.