硫化磷的构型稳定性

在RHF/6-311 G(3d)水平上,优化分子的几何构型,以高精度积分网格,计算MPW1PW91/6-311 G(3d)总能和相对稳定能.通过相对能量值的对比,系统地研究了3种硫化磷分子β-P4S4,β-P4S5和γ-P4S6,以及结合端点硫(μ1-S)原子形成的系列同分异构体的稳定性,从中找到实验分子构型与稳定性的联系.同时,根据分子的总能、稳定化能和P—(μ1-S)键能的相对大小,对系列同分异构体中相对稳定的、而又未知的分子构型进行理论推测.通过对比理论上稳定的分子和实验已发现的分子,结果是实验分子的稳定性无一例外地得到理论计算的证实,预测了可能合成的其它稳定分子构型α1-P4S6,α1-P4S7,γ-P4S7,γ-P4S8和γ-P4S9,并讨论了结构因素对分子构型稳定性的影响和成键规律.     

HC4N分子电子结构和势能面的理论研究

本文采用高精度的从头算方法计算了星际分子HC4N的电子结构和势能面。使用MP2/cc-pVTZ方法进行构象优化,共获得23个稳定单重态构型和21个过渡态。其中稳定结构包含线性构型,氢支链构型,以及含三元环,四元环和五元环的构型。进一步的精确单点能量计算在CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ方法下进行,并采用G3(MP2)方法对比。通过结果分析得到HC4N单重态的5个热力学和动力学都比较稳定的的构型,分别为3个三元环结构R31,R32,R35,一个链状构型C1和一个氢支链构型B1。     

1-异丙基环己硅烷类液晶化合物的量子化学研究--取代联苯基乙烷系列

我们曾用半经验的分子轨道方法对标题化合物的某些系列进行过计算[1 ,2 ] 。本文选择 7种 1 异丙基环己硅烷 取代联苯基乙烷系列化合物 ,以ＳＣＦ—ＭＯ—ＡＭ1 [3] 和ＰＭ3[4] 两种方法 ,优化出它们稳定的几何构型 (分子的总能量最低、核—核排斥能最小 )并对其作了振动分析 ;同时计算了标题物在该稳定构型下的电子结构和若干基本性质。1　计算图 1示出了 7种标题化合物的结构及原子编号。用ＭＯＰＡＣ7.0程序中的ＡＭ1 和ＰＭ3方法 ,分子的初始构型参数采用Ｐｏｐｌｅ’ｓ标准构型数据[5] 。对每个分子实行能量梯度全优化和ＳＣＦ计算。…     

大环炔基噻吩衍生物的结构和UV-Vis光谱的理论研究

用DFT 和TDDFT方法对大环炔基噻吩衍生物的结构和UV-Vis光谱进行了理论研究. 对分子不同的对称性结构(C₁, C₅, C_5v)进行了优化, 得到了稳定的几何构型.以优化构型为基础计算了分子的UV-Vis光谱, 结果表明, C₅,C_5v对称性下丁基取代的分子构型(C[3T_DA]₅-Bu)都是较稳定的; 当分子构型具有C₅对称性时, 得到的光谱数据与实验值符合的较好. 对于大环噻吩C[3T_DA]₅衍生物, 性质相同取代基的体积大小及分子对称性都将影响结构的稳定性.     

乙炔和乙烯分子在Ge(001)表面吸附的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法和平板模型研究了乙炔和乙烯分子在Ge(001)表面的吸附构型和电子结构. 通过系统考察一系列可能存在的吸附方式, 结果表明, 在0.5 monolayer(ML)覆盖度时, 两种分子的di-σ吸附构型最为稳定; 在覆盖度为1.0 ML时的最稳定吸附方式是paired end-bridge构型. 能带结构分析结果可知, 吸附构型以及吸附分子的覆盖度均对Ge(001)表面带隙有较大影响, 其原因在于费米能级附近的能带主要来自表面二聚体的Ge原子, 它们与表面Ge原子的配位环境密切相关, 而后者又取决于分子的吸附方式和覆盖度. 对于相同的吸附方式, 乙烯和乙炔分子具有类似的吸附行为和电子结构. 此外, 还进一步与Si(001)表面的研究结果进行对比.     

B~4元素簇的结构与成键特征

在ab initio 6-31G水平上, 用能量梯度法优化了不同构型B~4元素簇的几何结构参数。用组态相互作用方法对相应于7种几何构型的8个电子态, 进行了相关能计算。通过简正坐标分析, 确证了三种稳定构型, 其对应态的能序为:1^Ag(D~2h)<1^A~1(C~20)<3^A~a(T~d)>1^A~1(T~b)。此外, 用定域化分子轨道方法对稳定态的成键性质进行了讨论。     

环型硫分子的从头算及其应用

通过对环型硫分子S6～S20同素异构体的实验结构分析,用从头算(ab initio)RHF/6-311G*(包括BLYP/6-311G* 和MP4/6-311G*)方法进行基态几何结构优化,获得了与实验结构相吻合的新的理论稳定构型.其中S18的两种变体S18(α)和S18(β)的能量相近,都是相互稳定的分子构型.通过计算,从理论上推测S20有D4点群的物相.还就对称性、偶极矩和红外振动光谱与分子构象的相互关系,以及环分子结构与化学活性之间的关系进行了讨论,获得了具有实验意义的结论.     

(XNR)_4立方簇合物结构与稳定性的DFT研究

用密度泛函理论(DFT),在B3LYP/CEP-121G水平上,首次对(XNR)_4 [X = C, Si,Ge,Sn,Pb;R = H,CH_3,C(CH_3)_3,Si(CH_3)_3,C_6H_5]立方簇合物的 几何构型、电子结构、振动光谱和化学键性质进行了研究,并对其分子碎片(XNR) _2进行了相同方法的优化计算。结果表明,(CNR)_4对应原5种结构均不能稳定存在 。(XNH)_4对应原5种结构稳定性较低。对于同一取代基R,簇合物的稳定性大小顺 序为：(PbNR)_4>(SnNR)_4>(GeNR)_4>(SiNR)_4>(CNR)_4。     

FC(O)NCS 分子振动光谱的理论研究

采用DFT(B3LYP)方法,以6-3G*为基组对FC(O)NCS的顺式和反式两种构型的几何结构,振动谐性力场和红外光谱进行了研究。B3LYP/6-31G*计算水平和大多数有机分子的一套固定标度因子进行标度。根据标度后的理论力场进行简正坐标分析得到的势能分布(PED)和红外光谱强度值对FC(O)NCS分子的顺式和反式两种构型的振动基频进行了理论归属。     

ZnSe∶Cu纳米晶/聚电解质多层膜制备和结构研究

采用分子沉积方法制备了 Zn Se∶Cu纳米晶 /聚电解质多层膜 ,通过 X射线光电子能谱 ( XPS)和透射电镜 ( TEM)等方法对薄膜的组成及结构进行了表征 . XPS结果证实了回流处理对 Zn Se∶ Cu微粒的表面结构以及铜离子价态的影响 ,从而很好地解释了经表面修饰后 ,微粒荧光增强的现象 .TEM结果确定 Zn Se∶Cu的平均尺寸为 3nm.X射线粉末衍射结果进一步确认 Zn Se∶Cu具有纤锌矿晶体结构 .     

Molecular Model Design and Quantum Chemistry Calculation of Cluster B4N4

The B4N4 configurations were designed by using the molecular figure software. The full geometry optimization and harmonic vibration frequency analysis were performed at the 6-31G(d) level using density functional theory B3LYP method,which indicates that the five isomers are stationary points on the potential energy surface of B4N4 molecules. The geometry structure,frontier molecular orbital (FMO) and mulliken population have been analyzed. The bonding properties and hybrid type were also discussed in detail,showing the addition of hydrogen atoms to boron or nitrogen atom would increase the stabilities of the BN clusters.     

多硝基六氮杂金刚烷结构和相对稳定性的理论研究

The density function theory at the B3LYP/6-31G* level was employed to study the structures, including the total energies (EZPE), the geometries, the oxygen balances (OB100), the dipole moments, of polynitrohexaazaadamantanes (PNHAAs) and the potential candidates of high energy density compounds (HEDCs).The structural parameters of PNHAAs, such as the the maximum N-NO2 bond length (LBmax), the least N-N Mulliken population (BN-N), the least negative charge on the nitro group (QNO2) and OB100, were studied to predict their relative stability or sensitivity (the easiness for initiating a detonation, high sensitivity means low stability). It was found that the same conclusion was drawn from the four parameters.With the number of nitro groups increasing, the stabilities of these compounds decrease. OB100 failed in identifying the isomers, but the EZPE energy and the dipole moment were considered to give more reliable results for the isomers.     

THEORETICAL STUDIES ON THE STRUCTURES AND REACTIVITY OF SILYLENOIDS (Ⅰ)——STRUCTURES AND ISOMERIZATION OF SILYLENOID H_2SiLiCl

The structures of silylenoid H_2SiLiCl have been studied by RHF/3-21G gradient method. Three equilibrium states and two isomerization transition states are located. The electronic energy, Mulliken populations, dipole moments and frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) of every structure and the isomeric barriers are also given and analyzed. Further single point calculations on the 3-21G optimum geometries were performed using 6-21G basis set. The calculations show that three-membered ring structure of H_2SiLiCl is the most stable and detectable, and the "classical" tetrahedral form is not the local minimum on the potential energy surface.     

N_n(CH)_(4-n)H_4(n=0-4)的环状结构与性质的理论研究

由于高能量密度材料HEDM在现代科技工业中的重要意义[1-2],其合成研究及应用也成为21世纪初固体推进剂研制发展的热点.氮氢化合物(NnHm)不稳定,在自然界中存在较少,大多都以反应中间体或裂解产物形式存在,此类化合物在含能材料方面有重要作用,因此人们从上个世纪50年代就开始重视对氮氢化合物的理论和实验的研究[3].     

When is a molecule properly solvated by a continuum model or in a cluster ansatz? A first-principles simulation of alanine hydration

In order to test the validity of the cluster ansatz approach as well as of the continuum model approach and to learn about the solvation shell, we carried out first-principles molecular dynamics simulations of the alanine hydration. Our calculations contained one alanine molecule dissolved in 60 water molecules. Dipole moments of individual molecules were derived by means of maximally localized Wannier functions. We observed an average dipole moment of about 16.0 D for alanine and of about 3.3 D for water. In particular, the average water dipole moment in proximity of alanine's COO(-) group decayed continously with increasing distance, while, surprisingly, close to the CH3 and NH3+ group, the dipole moment first rose before its value dropped. In a cluster ansatz approach, we considered snapshots of alanine surrounded by different water molecule shells. The dipole moments from the cluster approaches utilizing both maximally localized Wannier functions as well as natural population analysis served to approximate the dipole moments of the total trajectory. Sufficient convergence of the cluster ansatz approach is found for either of the two solvent shells around the polar groups and one solvent shell around the apolar groups or two solvent shells around the polar groups surrounded by a dieletric continuum.     

Geometrical Structures and Electronic Properties of Copper-Doped Aluminum Clusters

Using density function theory (DFT), the Cu-doped Aln (n=1?15) clusters have been stud-ied. The electron a±nity, ionization potential, Mulliken population analysis of Cu, mean polarizability, polarizability anisotropy, dipole moments and HOMO-LUMO gaps have also been calculated on the basis of optimized geometries. The results indicate that there is magic numbers in copper-doped aluminum clusters and electronic characteristic depended on the size of clusters. As n=13, the electron affinity and ionization potential of cluster changed more than 0.3 and 0.6 eV respectively, compared with neighborhood clusters.     

Hydrogen bond formation between 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine and aliphatic alcohols

The photophysics of 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) has been investigated in different solvents in the presence of aliphatic and fluorinated aliphatic alcohols, respectively. For most systems, consecutive two-step hydrogen-bonded complex formation is observed in the presence of alcohols. Equilibrium constants are determined from UV spectroscopic results for the formation of singly and doubly complexed species. The resolved absorption and fluorescence spectra for the singly and doubly complexed DMAP are derived by means of the equilibrium constants. Exceptionally large hydrogen bond basicity values are found for the ground and singlet excited DMAP molecules. In n-hexane, as a consequence of complex formation, the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) emission becomes dominant over of the locally excited fluorescence; the fluorescence and triplet yields increase considerably with complexation. In polar solvents, both the fluorescence and triplet yields of the complex are much smaller than that of the uncomplexed DMAP. The dipole moments derived for the singly complexed species from the Lippert-Mataga analysis are much larger than those of the uncomplexed molecules. However, for the relaxed ICT excited-state one obtains different dipole moments in apolar and polar solvents. This may be explained by a conformational change of the molecule in the ICT excited state from planar geometry in apolar solvent to the perpendicular structure (characterized with bigger dipole moment) in polar solvent.     

GaxPy(x+y=8)及其阴离子团簇的结构与性质的DFT研究

用密度泛函理论方法对半导体二元微团簇GaxPy和GaxPy−(x+y=8)的几何结构、电子态、能量等进行了计算, 在B3LYP/6-311+G(2df)水平下完成结构优化和频率分析. 讨论了电荷诱导结构发生变化情况, 与中性团簇相比, 在阴离子团簇中, Ga—P键较P—P键有利于形成. 预测了未知Ga1P7−、Ga2P6−、Ga3P5−、Ga6P2−和Ga7P1−化合物的最稳定结构存在的可能性, 得出在GaxPy和GaxPy−(x+y=8)中, Ga4P4和Ga4P4−比较稳定. 给出了两种能差即绝热电子亲合势(ΔEAEA)和垂直电离能(ΔEVDE), 并与相关文献作比较. Ga4P4和Ga5P3的绝热电子亲合势与实验值相当吻合. 布居分析表明, 磷化镓团簇的成键属于混合键型.     

DNA碱基的电子相关效应

分别在Hartree-Fock和二级Moller-Plesset微扰理论MP2的电子相关校正水平, 用6-31G^*^*基函数对四种DNA碱基胞嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶、鸟嘌呤和腺嘌呤的能量、偶极矩、电荷分布和分子静电势等性质进行了系统的从头计算研究。其中, 采用Z矢量方法在波函数中加入MP2级别的电子相关校正; 分别用Mulliken布居分析、静电势导出电荷CHELPG以及自然布居分析NPA方法计算分子中原子电荷。在上述计算结果的基础上, 系统地分析了DNA碱基的电子相关效应。     

Origin of cis preference among the three isomers of 1,4‐difluorobutadiene

The slight energy differences among the three isomers of 1,4‐difluorobutadiene have been investigated by Gaussian‐3 (G3) theory. The computational results suggest that the Gaussian‐3–Becke's three‐parameter functional (G3B3) theoretical estimates are in good agreement with experimental data. Mulliken population analysis also has been performed to interpret the anomalous equilibrium relationship among these three isomers. Wire mesh contours of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) orbitals of these isomers help to illustrate the cis effect visually. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis indicates that the origin of cis preference among the three isomers may lie in the configurational orientation and the n‐π conjugative interaction between fluorine atom and C?C double bond. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2003