考点9 函数的应用

1.(广东卷,9)在同一平面直角坐标系第1题图中,函数y=f(x)和y=g(x)的图像关于直线y=x对称.现将y=g(x)的图像沿x轴向左平移2个单位,再沿y轴向上平移1个单位,所得的图像是由两条线段组成的折线(如图所示),则函数f(x)的表达式为().(A)f(x)=2x+2,-1≤x≤0x2+2,00(B)b>0且c<0(C)b<0且c=0(D)b≥0且c=03.(…     

Fuzzy BCK—代数

在集合论中关于差的运算及在命题演算中关于→的运算均具有以下性质: 1) (x*y)*(x*z)≤(z*y); 2) x*(x*y)≤y; 3) x≤x, 4) 0≤x; 5) 若x≤y,y≤x则x=y; 6) x≤y x*y=0. 在集合论中,“*”表示两个集合之差的运算,“≤”表示两个集合之间的包含“(?)”关系,“0”表示空集,“=”表示两个集合相等.在命题演算中,“*”表示两个命题之间的     

分离变量好处多

我是从两道题感受到分离变量的好处的. 题一设A={x|x2-x-2≤0},B={x|x2 +4x+p<0},若A(?)B,求实数p的范围. 起初我是这样解的: 解一由x2-x-2≤0,得-1≤x≤2. 由x2+4x+p<0得     

一类二次方程组的一个定理及其运用

定理　在方程组∑ni=1xi=A∑ni=1x2i=B中 ,A、B是实数 ,记Δ=n B-A2 .若 xi∈ R( i=1,2 ,… ,n) ,则Δ≥ 0 ,当且仅当x1 =x2 =… =xn=An时 Δ=0 .证明　 ∑1≤ i相似文献   

关于序集碰撞数问题深度贪心算法的最优性

§1.引言称P=(X,≤)是一个序集是指,X是一个集合,“≤”是X上的一个二元关系(叫做小于等于),它满足:(1)自反性,(x≤x,x∈X),(2)传递性(x≤y,y≤z■x≤z)和(3)反对称性x≤y,y≤x,■x=y)。本文只讨论有限序集。用|X|或|P|表示序集P=(X,≤)所含有的元素个数,用x∈P或x∈X表示x是P的元素。对任一序集Q,我们也用相同的字母Q表示它的基本集。在序集P中,如果x≤y,则我们也用x≤y(P),y≥x及y≥x(P)来表示这一关系。     

关于双曲型偏微分方程u_xy=f(x,y,u,u_x,u_y)的唯一性问题

关于双曲型偏微分方程 u_(xy)=f(x,y,u,u_x,u_y),0≤x≤a,0≤y≤b,-∞相似文献   

争鸣

问题问题98 a,b∈R,不等试acosx bcos3x≤1对任意实数x恒成立,求b的取值范围.解因为不等式acosx bcos3x≤1对任意实数x恒成立,所以令x=0得a b≤1;x=π得a b≥-1-1≤a b≤1(1)又当x=3π时,有2a-b≤1-2a b≥-1;x=23π时,-2a b≤1,故-1≤-2a b≤1-2≤-a 2b≤2(2)由(1) (2)得-3≤3b≤3,所以-1≤b≤1即为所求.1)以上解法是否正确?请给出判断结果及理由.2)若解法正确,其中x分别选取等于0,π,3π,2π3的依据是什么?若解法不正确,其正确解法又如何?3)若改为求a的取值范围,又当如何解决?佟成军提供(江苏省海州高级中学222023)评析问题84该问题共收稿…     

一个新颖不等式的对偶结果

杨克昌、陈培德两老师在贵刊文[1]给出如下:定理1　设0≤d≤2,xi>0,1≤i≤n,则max1≤i≤n{xi}(x1 (1 d)x2 … (1 (n-1)d)xn)≥(n-1)d 22n(x1 x2 … xn)2等号成立当且仅当x1=x2=…=xn.笔者读后深感此不等式很奇妙,并思之此定理有其对偶的形式,即有定理2　设0≤d≤2,xi>0,1≤i≤n,则min1≤i≤n{xi}(x1 (1 d)x2 … (1 (n-1)d)xn)≤(n-1)d 22n(x1 x2 … xn)2(1)等号成立当且仅当x1=x2=…=xn.证明的方法同文[1]证　视(1)式左边减去右边所得的差为d的函数,记作g(d).显见g(d)是一个线性函数.所以为证g(d)在整个区间[0,2]上非正,只要证g(d)在区间端…     

表整数为一个素数与一个素数的k次方和

本文研究了小区间上的华罗庚定理。即令Ek(x) =# { {n≤x ;2 ｜n ,k是奇数 ,n ≠ p1+pk2 } ∪ {n≤x ;2 ｜n ,2｜k ,(p - 1 ) ｜k ,n 1 (modp) ,n≠ p1+pk2 } }。在GRH下 ,得到了对任意的k≥ 2 ,A >0 ,0 <ε<14,有Ek(x+H) -Ek(x) 相似文献   

一个错解的剖析

题目已知P={x|x2-8x-20≤0},S={x|1-m≤x≤1+m},是否存在实数m,使"x∈P"是"x∈S"的必要条件?若存在,求出m的范围.解由x2-8x-20≤0得-2≤x≤10,所以P={x|-2≤x≤10}.由题意,"x∈P"是"x∈S"的必要条件,则SP.     

CONSTRUCTIVE PROPERTIES OF A KIND OF UNIFORMLY ALMOST PERIODIC FUNCTIONS

In this paper,we have discussed constructive properties of a kind of uniformly almost periodic functions, of which the sequence of its Fourier exponents has unique limit point at infinity. \[\begin{gathered} f(x) \sim \sum\limits_{k = - \infty }^\infty {{A_k}} {e^{i{\Lambda _k}x}} \hfill \ {\Lambda _0} = \alpha ,0 < \alpha \leqslant {\Lambda _k} < {\Lambda _{k + 1}}(k = 0,1,2,...) \hfill \ \mathop {\lim }\limits_{k \to \infty } {\Lambda _k} = \infty ,{\Lambda _k} = - {\Lambda _k} \hfill \ |{\Lambda _k}| + |{\Lambda _{ - k}}| > 0{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} (k \ne 0) \hfill \\ \end{gathered} \] Analogons to the approximation theory of periodic functioiis, we get some theorems similar to the Jackson theorem, Bernstein theorem and Zygmund theorem of periodio functions.     

Local approximation on surfaces with discontinuities,given limited order Fourier coefficients

We present a spline approximation method for a piece of a surface where jump discontinuities occur along curves. The data for the surface is assumed to be Fourier coefficients which are limited in order and possibly contaminated with noise. The support of the approximation is bounded by three sides of a rectangle with a fourth boundary possibly curved. Discontinuities of the surface may occur across the curved side and linear sides adjacent to it. The approximation uses a small number of lines through the support and parallel to the straight boundary lines that are adjacent to the curve. Along each line a one-dimensional spline approximation is done for a section of the surface over the line. This approximation uses two-dimensional Fourier coefficient data, localizing spline functions, and a technique which we developed earlier for one-dimensional analogues of the problem. We use a spline quasi-interpolation scheme to create a surface approximation from the section approximations. The result is accurate even when the surface is discontinuous across the curved boundary and adjacent side boundaries.     

Sobolev smoothing of SVD-based Fourier continuations

A method for calculating Sobolev smoothed Fourier continuations is presented. The method is based on the recently introduced singular value decomposition based Fourier continuation approach. This approach allows for highly accurate Fourier series approximations of non-periodic functions. These super-algebraically convergent approximations can be highly oscillatory in an extended region, contaminating the Fourier coefficients. It is shown that through solving a subsequent least squares problem, a Fourier continuation can be produced which has been dramatically smoothed in that the Fourier coefficients exhibit a prescribed rate of decay as the wave number increases. While the smoothing procedure has no significant negative effect on the accuracy of the Fourier series approximation, in some situations the smoothed continuations can actually yield increased accuracy in the approximation of the function and its derivatives.     

Linearization,trace, and determinant of certain meromorphic operator functions

In this paper operator functions of type

On the nonclassical approximation method for periodic functions by trigonometric polynomials

We study the approximation of functions by linear polynomial means of their Fourier series with a function-multiplier φ that is equal to 1 not only at zero, in contrast with classical methods of summability. The exact order of convergence to zero of the sequence $$ \mathop{\max}\limits_{{x\in \left[ {-\pi, \pi } \right]}}\left| {f(x)-\sum\limits_{{\left| k \right|\leq n}} {\varphi \left( {\frac{{k\pi }}{n}} \right){{\hat{f}}_k}{e^{ikx }}} } \right| $$ ( $ {{\hat{f}}_k} $ Fourier coefficients) as n→∞ is obtained. The answer is given in terms of the values of difference operators of a continuous function f and a special K-functional (step of $ \frac{\pi }{n} $ ). In addition, we obtain not only the sufficient conditions for φ but the necessary ones as well.     

The varying piecewise interpolation solution of the Cauchy problem for ordinary differential equations with iterative refinement

A piecewise interpolation approximation of the solution to the Cauchy problem for ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is constructed on a set of nonoverlapping subintervals that cover the interval on which the solution is sought. On each interval, the function on the right-hand side is approximated by a Newton interpolation polynomial represented by an algebraic polynomial with numerical coefficients. The antiderivative of this polynomial is used to approximate the solution, which is then refined by analogy with the Picard successive approximations. Variations of the degree of the polynomials, the number of intervals in the covering set, and the number of iteration steps provide a relatively high accuracy of solving nonstiff and stiff problems. The resulting approximation is continuous, continuously differentiable, and uniformly converges to the solution as the number of intervals in the covering set increases. The derivative of the solution is also uniformly approximated. The convergence rate and the computational complexity are estimated, and numerical experiments are described. The proposed method is extended for the two-point Cauchy problem with given exact values at the endpoints of the interval.     

Note on the distribution of zeros of polynomials

Let \(\mathfrak{M}\) be the set of zeros of the polynomial \(P(z) = \sum\nolimits_{k = 0}^m {A_k S_k (z)} \) , where S_k(z) are functions defined in some region B and the coefficients A_k are arbitrary numbers from the ring $$0 \leqslant \tau _k \leqslant |A_k - a_k | \leqslant R_{_k }< \infty $$ . Conditions necessary and sufficient to ensure that z ∈ \(\mathfrak{M}\) are obtained.     

On the trace of certain rational operator functions

In this paper operator functions of type $$L(\lambda ): = I - \sum\limits_{k = 1}^n {\lambda ^k } A_k + \sum\limits_{k = 1}^m {\frac{{\lambda ^{\varepsilon _k } }}{{(\lambda - a_k )^{\mu _k } }}H_k } $$ are considered. In the first part of the paper a linearization ofL is constructed, and it is shown that the geometric multiplicities and the null multiplicities of the eigenvalues λ ∈ χ ofL and the linearization coincide. In the second part of the paper trace and determinant formulas forL are derived under certain conditions for the coefficients ofL.     

关于一个典型函数Fourier级数的Gibbs现象

In this paper,we point out that the Fourier series of a classical function∑∞k=1 sin kx/k has the Gibbs phenomenon in the neighborhood of zero.Furthermore,we estimate the upper bound of its partial sum and get:supn≥1‖n∑k=1sin kx/k‖∫x0sin x/xdx=1.85194,which is better than that in[1].     

Generalization of an elementary inequality in Fourier analysis

The inequality plays an important role in Fourier analysis and approximation theory. It has recently been generalized by Telyakovskii and Leindler. This paper further generalizes and improves their results by introducing a new class of sequences called γ-piecewise bounded variation sequence (γ-PBVS).