NMP与ROP相结合制备PCL-b-PSt共聚物及其性能研究

以4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氮氧自由基（HTEMPO）为引发剂,通过ε-己内酯（ε-CL）的开环聚合,合成末端基为氮氧自由基的聚己内酯（PCL-T）。在其调控下,进行过氧化苯甲酰（BPO）引发苯乙烯（St）的自由基聚合,合成结构规整的聚己内酯-b-聚苯乙烯（PCL-b-PSt）共聚物。用氢核磁共振（1H-NM...     

可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合/点击化学法制备含1，2，3-三氮唑官能团的嵌段聚合物及静电纺丝

通过RAFT活自由基聚合方法制备聚（苯乙烯-b-对氯亚甲基苯乙烯）（PS-b-PCVB）二嵌段共聚物,其中的氯亚甲基侧基经叠氮化反应后与丙炔醇进行点击（Click）反应,最终获得了含有1,2,3-三氮唑官能团的聚苯乙烯二嵌段共聚物（PS-b-PVBTM）,核磁共振谱表征结果证明,PS-b-PCVB中的氯亚甲基完全转变成了1,2,3-三氮唑基团。PS-b-PVBTM在15 kV电压下进行静电纺丝,制得具有相分离现象的直径在100 nm左右的纤维。在90 ℃退火后纳米纤维表面变得光滑。红外光谱证明,在加热前后聚合物组成没有明显变化,而XPS结果显示退火后共聚物中C1s振起伴峰降低,说明形成了电子转移络合物;XPS结果还表明,退火后表面张力较低的聚苯乙烯链段在表面富集。     

基于苯氧基联烯的两亲性嵌段共聚物的合成

运用机理转换策略,结合自由基聚合和原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP),制备了含有聚联烯链段的两亲性三嵌段共聚物.设计合成了含有偶氮和ATRP引发基团的双官能团引发剂,先用该双官能团引发剂引发苯氧基联烯单体的自由基聚合,得到了含有ATRP引发基团的聚联烯大分子引发剂,然后该大分子引发剂引发亲水性单体N,N-二乙基氨乙基甲基丙烯酸酯(DEAEMA)的ATRP聚合,制得了聚N,N-二乙基氨乙基甲基丙烯酸酯-聚联烯-聚N,N-二乙基氨乙基甲基丙烯酸酯(PDEAEMA-b-PPOA-b-PDEAEMA).该三嵌段共聚物能在水溶液中形成胶束,通过荧光探针技术分别测定了它在不同离子浓度、不同p H值条件下的临界胶束浓度.实验结果表明,该聚合物胶束的cmc随着p H值增大而减小,随着离子浓度的增大而增大.     

以高顺式聚丁二烯为软段的三嵌段共聚物的制备

从高顺式端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)出发,分别以ε-己内酯和苯乙烯为单体合成了2类以高顺式聚丁二烯为软段的三嵌段共聚物.以高顺式HTPB为大分子引发剂、辛酸亚锡为催化剂,引发ε-己内酯的开环聚合,合成了聚己内酯-b-聚丁二烯-b-聚己内酯三嵌段共聚物(CLBCL);通过高顺式HTPB末端羟基与2-溴代异丁酰溴(BBi B)间的酯化反应制备了ATRP大分子引发剂(Bi B-PB-Bi B),进而引发苯乙烯进行电子转移活化再生催化剂原子转移自由基聚合(ARGET ATRP)反应,合成了聚苯乙烯-b-聚丁二烯-b-聚苯乙烯三嵌段共聚物(SBS),反应具有较好的可控性,产物分子量分布较窄.通过红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)和碳谱(13CNMR)、热重分析(TGA)和示差扫描量热分析(DSC)等对所制备共聚物的结构和性能进行了测试表征.TGA曲线表明,提高聚己内酯链段的含量,可在一定程度上提高CLBCL共聚物的热稳定性;SBS共聚物的热分解过程表现为一个阶段,与HTPB相比,其热稳定性略有提高.从CLBCL共聚物的DSC曲线上可明显观察到聚丁二烯链段的玻璃化转变温度和聚己内酯链段的熔点;SBS共聚物具有2个玻璃化转变温度,为–104.1和102.4oC,分别对应于聚丁二烯链段和聚苯乙烯链段的玻璃化转变温度.     

茂金属化合物/Zn/BDGE/MAO催化体系合成aPS-b-P(S-co-E)-b-PE嵌段共聚物的研究

采用单茂钛化合物CpTiCl3,有机环氧化合物1,4-丁二醇二缩水甘油基醚(BDGE),金属锌(Zn)及甲基铝氧烷(MAO)为催化体系,通过自由基聚合和配位聚合机理合成无规聚苯乙烯-b-聚(苯乙烯-co-乙烯)-b-聚乙烯(aPS-b-P(S-co-E)-b-PE).探讨了温度、时间、乙烯压力及Al/Ti摩尔比对共聚合的影响.所得嵌段共聚物采用DSC,WAXD,GPC和13C-NMR等手段进行了表征.结果表明该共聚物是苯乙烯/乙烯嵌段共聚物,聚苯乙烯链段是无规的,聚乙烯链段具有结晶性.     

PMMA-b-PS基凝胶聚合物电解质的性能

通过原子转移自由基聚合反应（ATRP）合成了含刚性聚苯乙烯（PS）链段的聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯-b-苯乙烯）嵌段共聚物（PMMA-b-PS）。用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和凝胶渗透色谱分析了该共聚物的化学结构、分子量及其分布。结果表明：PMMA-b-PS的数均分子量为2.69×105,分子量分布为1.53。以合成的PMMA-b...     

聚苯乙烯-b-聚2(5)-乙烯基对(间)苯二甲酸二钠嵌段共聚物的合成及其对PET结晶行为的影响

通过原子转移自由基聚合合成了线形及三臂聚苯乙烯-b-聚2(5)-乙烯基对(间)苯二甲酸二钠嵌段共聚物,通过凝胶渗透色谱、核磁共振和热失重表征证实得到了结构明确、分散度较窄的嵌段共聚物成核剂.采用熔融共混的方法制得聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)与成核剂共混样品.采用差示扫描量热仪与一维X射线衍射仪研究了PET及添加成核剂后...     

两亲性嵌段共聚物PCL-b-PNVP的合成及其自组装行为的研究

以4-羟基-2,2,4,4-四甲基哌啶氮氧自由基为引发剂,通过ε-己内酯（ε-CL）的开环聚合反应,合成氮氧稳定自由基为末端基的聚己内酯（PCL-T）;在其＂介调＂下,进行乙烯基吡咯烷酮（NVP）的氮氧稳定自由基聚合（NMP）,得到结构规整聚己内酯和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮两亲性的嵌段共聚物（PCL-b-PNVP）.通过核磁共振...     

两亲性嵌段共聚物PAA-b-PS的合成及胶束形态

通过丙烯酸叔丁酯的自由基调聚和苯乙烯的原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）法合成了聚丙烯酸叔丁酯-聚苯乙烯（PtBA-b-PS）嵌段共聚物,然后在三氟乙酸作用下进行选择性水解得到了两亲性聚丙烯酸-聚苯乙烯（PAA-b-PS）嵌段共聚物。利用1H-NMR、FT-IR和GPC对产物的结构进行了表征。采用透析法制备了PAA-b-P...     

两亲性嵌段共聚物的自组装及载药胶束的研究

采用可逆-加成-断裂链转移自由基聚合(RAFT)技术合成了两亲性嵌段共聚物聚苯乙烯-b-聚甲基丙烯酸聚乙二醇单甲醚-b-聚苯乙烯(PSt-b-POEOMA-b-PSt),通过FT-IR、1 HNMR、GPC确定共聚物的结构。将三个具有不同嵌段比的共聚物在水溶液中自组装,通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察得到的胶束的形貌,发现随着亲水性嵌段的比例减小,胶束的直径略微减小。通过透析方法,以共聚物作为载体,负载维生素E,TEM观察载药胶束的形貌,仍然为核-壳状的球形胶束。差示扫描量热仪(DSC)测试共聚物载药胶束前后的热性能,发现药物分子在载入内核的过程中,聚苯乙烯的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)有所降低。通过紫外(UV)分析计算得出共聚物的药物负载量(DLC)为70%～80%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.