Determination of the Interaction of Arsenic and Human Serum Albumin by Online Microdialysis Coupled to LC with Hydride Generation Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Study on the stoichiometry and affinity of the arsenicals bound to HSA is an important step toward a better understanding of arsenic toxic effects. After incubation of As^III or As^V with HSA at the physiological conditions (pH 7.43 and 37 °C), the free arsenicals and arsenic-HSA complexes were separated and detected by the combined techniques of microdialysis and liquid chromatography with hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (MD–LC–HGAFS). The decrease of As^III peak response rather than As^V indicated that HSA reacted with As^III but not As^V. The binding plots indicated that the binding between HSA and As^III was in Scatchard pattern when the concentration ratios of As^III to HSA were ≤1:1. The strong binding sites (n ₁) were 1.6 and the stability constant (K ₁) was 1.54 × 10⁶ M⁻¹. When the concentration ratios of As^III to HSA were >1:1, the binding was in Plasvento pattern with the stability constant K ₂ ≅ 0 and no specific binding of As^III with HSA. On the contrary, As^V did not show binding with HSA. The results showed that As^III reacted with HSA more readily than As^V, which provides a chemical basis for arsenic toxicity.

     

双阳极电化学氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定砷

用双阳极电化学氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定砷,减少了化学试剂使用给环境带来的污染。在相同条件下,双阳极电化学氢化物发生效率为化学法的99.0%~101.6%。对各种实验参数和干扰情况进行了详细研究。在选定的实验条件下,100μL进样量的As(Ⅲ)线性范围为0~120μg/L;检出限为0.64μg/L(信噪比S/N=3);60μg/L的As(Ⅲ)标准溶液平行进样13次,荧光信号面积的相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.02%。用本法测得GBW07406号标准土壤样品中As含量为(205.2±1.4)μg/g与标准值(220±21)μg/g一致,仔猪饲料样品的加标回收率为97.0%~103.0%。本法灵敏度高、重现性好、结果准确。     

Interaction Between Plumbagin and Human Serum Albumin by Fluorescence Spectroscopy

The interaction of plumbagin (PLU) with human serum albumin (HSA) in physiological buffer (pH=7.4) was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. Results obtained from analysis of the fluorescence spectra indicated that PLU has a strong ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA through a static quenching procedure. Fluorescence quenching data revealed that the quenching constants (K) are 4.43×10⁴, 3.26×10⁴ and 1.69×10⁴ L?mol^?1 at 293, 303 and 313 K, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters ΔH° and ΔS° were calculated to be ?36.63 kJ?mol^?1, and ?35.702 J?mol^?1?K^?1 respectively, which suggested that van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonds play a major role in the interaction of PLU with HSA. The distance between donor (HSA) and acceptor (PLU) was calculated to be 3.76 nm based on Förster’s non-radiative energy transfer theory. The results of synchronous fluorescence spectra showed that binding of PLU to HSA can induce conformational changes in HSA.     

Effect of the Mineralization Method on Arsenic Determination in Marine Organisms by Hydride Generation Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

The efficiency of several mineralization methods for As determination in marine organisms has been evaluated. Wet mineralization in closed reactors at 150°C with acids (HNO₃/HClO₄/H₂SO₄) and K₂S₂O₈ and microwave-assisted digestion with HNO₃/H₂O₂ or with HNO₃/H₂O₂/HCl does not quantitatively destroy the organic matter of fish. This was ascertained by comparing the As content obtained by HG-AFS with that obtained by ICP-MS. Dry-ashing destroys organic As species and the resulting As recovery when HG-AFS is applied is similar to that obtained by ICP-MS. Similar arsenic contents were obtained for all the mineralization methods tested when arsenic was analysed by ICP-MS. These results indicate that when HG-AFS is applied for arsenic determination, the organic matter should be completely oxidised (e.g. by UV photo-oxidation and K₂S₂O₈) to transform organic arsenic compounds into those able to generate hydrides. The results have been validated with a fish candidate reference material (CRM) (EU SEAS plaice) with a known content of total arsenic. Arsenic speciation after 1:1 methanol-water extraction (which provides quantitative arsenic recovery after two consecutive extractions) by HPLC-ICP-MS shows that cuttlefish only contains arsenobetaine, which explains the difficulty of mineralization.     

Determination of Arsenic in Antimony Trioxide by Hydride Generation Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometer

Antimony trioxide is a very useful industrial product. There is a method of GB1467-78 to determine the impure Arsenic in it. It's very difficult to extract many times. We know that the large amount of Antimony interferes with the determination of Arsenic very seriously. Because of the different decomposition rate between hydrogen arsenide and antimonous hydride in the solution of KMn04, we can let the products of hydrogen arsenide and antimonous hydride pass through the solution of KMn04 to eliminate the antimony's interference mostly. This method is very fast and easy.     

氢化物-原子荧光法测定粮食中的砷

研究了氢化物－原子荧光法测定粮食中砷的适宜条件,试验了酸介质和还原剂的用量对测定砷的影响,选择了仪器的最佳工作条件及氢化物发生条件,试验了生成氢化物元素及粮食中常见元素对测定的干扰情况。在测定条件下,砷的线性范围为０～８０μｇ／Ｌ,检出限为０．３μｇ／Ｌ。用该法测定了标准物质小麦粉及大米,结果与推荐值吻合。方法快速、准确,应用于进口粮食中砷的检测,获得满意结果     

氢化物发生原子荧光法测定聚氯化铝中的砷含量

建立了氢化物发生原子荧光法测定聚氯化铝中砷含量的检测方法。将聚氯化铝样品用硫酸溶解,蒸至近干,用氢化物发生原子荧光法测定其中的砷含量。在最佳测定条件下,砷的质量浓度在0~10.0μg/L范围内与荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.999 3,砷的检出限为0.03μg/g,样品加标回收率为82.5%~90.0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.5%~1.9%。该法具有快速、准确、灵敏度高等优点。     

Determination of Arsenic in Beverages and Foods by Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

Abstract

The determination of the arsenic content of foods and beverages by a technique involving a magnesium nitrate aided dry ashing step followed by an arsine generation atomic absorption finish is described. Recoveries of various arsenic species added prior to ashing was excellent. Total arsenic concentrations found in samples of beverages ranged from less than 10 to 265 ppb and in foods from 20 to 9290 ppb. The sensitivity of the technique is approximately ten-fold better than obtainable with commercially available hydride generation atomic absorption units.     

氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定虾中砷和汞

建立了氢化物原子荧光法同时测定虾中砷和汞的方法.研究了样品前处理及实验条件对测定砷、汞的原子荧光强度的影响,并探讨了共存离子对测定砷、汞的干扰和消除的方法.本方法具有操作简便、快速、灵敏度高等优点,砷和汞的检出限分别为0.026 μg/L和0.020 μg/L;相对标准偏差分别为1.7%～9.4%和1.2%～9.4%;回收率为98%～106%.     

氢化物发生–原子荧光光谱法测定煤、焦炭中的砷

采用氢化物发生–原子荧光光谱法同时测定煤、焦炭中砷的含量。试样在瓷坩埚中与艾氏卡试剂混合,经马弗炉灼烧,用盐酸溶解并移入容量瓶中,在硫脲–抗坏血酸存在下,于10%盐酸介质中,用氢化物发生–原子荧光光谱法测定砷含量。砷的质量浓度在0~100 ng/m L范围内与荧光强度呈良好的线性,线性相关系数r=0.999 8,方法检出限为0.05 ng/m L,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于3%(n=11),加标回收率为96.4%~100.6%。该方法简便、快速、准确,适用于测定煤、焦炭中的砷含量。     

氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定虾中砷和汞

建立了氢化物原子荧光法同时测定虾中砷和汞的方法。研究了样品前处理及实验条件对测定砷、汞的原子荧光强度的影响，并探讨了共存离子对测定砷、汞的干扰和消除的方法。本方法具有操作简便、快速、灵敏度高等优点，砷和汞的检出限分别为0．026μg/L和0．020μg／L；相对标准偏差分别为1．7％～9．4％和1．2％～9．4％；回收率为98％～106％。     

荧光光谱法研究双醋瑞因与人血清白蛋白的相互作用

在模拟人体生理条件下（pH=7.40）,采用荧光光谱法研究双醋瑞因与人血清白蛋白的相互作用。 采用2种方法计算不同温度下其结合常数KA、结合位点数n,同时对2种计算方法进行了比较;并根据热力学参数确定了双醋瑞因与人血清白蛋白之间的作用力类型。 根据Forster非辐射能量转移原理,确定了双醋瑞因与人血清白蛋白相互结合时供能体 受能体间的作用距离和能量转移效率,并用同步荧光光谱研究了双醋瑞因对人血清白蛋白构象的影响。 结果表明,双醋瑞因与人血清白蛋白之间主要是以静态猝灭为主;结合距离r=2.88 nm,能量转移效率E=0.273 8,二者主要凭借氢键和范德华力进行结合。     

氢化物—原子荧光光光谱法同时测定黄铜中的砷与锑

试样用硝酸－硫酸分解,试验了酸度、还原剂浓度以及黄铜中常见元素对测定结果的影响,砷、锑的回收率分别为：９６％～１０９％,９０％～９３％,砷、１锑的检出限分别为０．１９ｎｇ＝ｍＬ、０．３１ｎｇ＝ｍＬ,砷、锑的线性范围分别为０．５～２５０ｎｇ／ｍＬ、０．５～５００ｎｇ／ｍＬ。本法用于黄铜标准样品中的砷、锑。结果与标准值吻合。     

Determination of Phosphorus by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy after Hydride Generation

Thehydridegenerationtechniquehascontributedmuchtotheimprovementofthesensitivityinatomicabsorption,emissionandfluorescencespectroscopyofAs.Sb.Bi.Se.Te.Ge.SnandPh"=.ManyworkershavesuccessfullyappliedthistechniquetodeterminationofCu.Zn.Cd3'4'5.KazukoMatsumotostudiedphosphinegenerationcoupledwithICPatomicemissionspectrometry,wherephosphateinaqueoussolutionwasfirstprecipitatedbyaddingCaCI,ascalciumphosphate,whichwasthenreducedtoCa,P,byheating(ca,1100'C)togetherwithaluminumpowder'.Thedetecti…     

氢化物发生原子荧光法测定头发样品中的硒

利用氢化物发生原子荧光法测定头发样品中微量硒元素。将头发样品用高氯酸–硝酸混酸(体积比为1∶3)消化,样品中各种形态的硒元素均被转化为Se(Ⅳ)和Se(Ⅵ)。在6 mol/L盐酸中,Se(Ⅵ)被还原为Se(Ⅳ)后导入氢化物发生原子荧光仪进行测定,硒的质量浓度在0~20 ng/m L与荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.999 9,检出限为0.021 8 ng/m L,加标回收率为95%~108%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.8%(n=5)。该法简便、快速、准确,适于头发中微量硒元素的测定。     

电化学氢化物发生原子荧光法测定环境样品中的锑

使用中性磷酸盐缓冲体系作为电解质,研究了锑化氢的电解生成情况. 结果发现,Sb(Ⅲ)的原子荧光光谱(AFS)响应信号强度比在酸性介质中提高了1倍,而Sb(Ⅴ)几乎没有响应信号,因此可以在此缓冲体系中进行价态分析,可消除酸性介质对电极的腐蚀,延长了电解池及电极的使用寿命,提高了信号的稳定性. 将传统的平板式电解池的螺丝密封改进为螺纹密封,使电解池安装时间从原来的20 min缩短为1 min,提高了电解池的密封性能. Sb(Ⅲ)的检出限为0.038 μg/L(3σ),相对标准偏差为3.9%(n=11). 分析了多种环境样品中的锑,结果满意.     

粉煤灰中微量有害元素砷的氢化物-原子荧光光谱法快速测定

采用王水分解试样 -氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法 (HG -AFS)测定粉煤灰中有害微量元素砷。方法回收率为 98 5 %～ 1 0 2 3 % ,相对标准偏差为 1 9%～ 4 8% ,该法具有快速、简便、灵敏、可测范围宽等优点 ,对探讨粉煤灰在农业土壤改良中的应用具有十分重要的意义     

氢化物发生原子荧光法测定人发、玉米及辣椒中的砷

采用硝酸、高氯酸和硫酸湿法分解人发、玉米及辣椒,在盐酸介质中用硫脲-抗坏血酸将As(Ⅴ)还原为As(Ⅲ),氢化物发生原子荧光法测定,此法简便快速,相对标准偏差为2.4%。     

荧光法研究苯胺蓝与人血清白蛋白的相互作用

用荧光光谱、同步荧光光谱研究了苯胺蓝和人血清白蛋白的相互作用。研究表明,苯胺蓝对人血清白蛋白的荧光发射有明显的猝灭作用,根据不同温度下的猝灭数据,由Stern-Volmer方程推断苯胺蓝对人血清白蛋白的猝灭属于静态猝灭。计算得到了结合常数KA、结合位点数n,同时计算得到的热力学常数表明苯胺蓝和人血清白蛋白作用力类型为静电作用和疏水作用结合。同时用同步荧光光谱探讨了苯胺蓝对人血清白蛋白构象的影响。     

十溴联苯醚与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的荧光光谱研究

在模拟生理条件下,采用荧光光谱法研究十溴联苯醚(Deca-BDE)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用.结果表明: Deca-BDE对BSA的内源荧光有静态猝灭作用.Deca-BDE与BSA在277, 298和310 K的结合常数分别为1.92×105, 1.97×105和2.16×105 L/mol.Deca-BDE在BSA接近于色氨酸残基附近有2个结合位点.热力学参数表明, Deca-BDE与BSA相结合的主要驱动力是疏水作用力. 与Deca-BDE结合后,BSA色氨酸残基附近肽键伸展程度增加,蛋白分子结构疏松.