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1.
基于石墨烯二维材料的诸多应用需要将其大面积、高质量地转移到目标基底上,迫切需要了解石墨烯在剥离和转移过程中与基底之间的相互作用特性.本文采用经典分子动力学方法探索了铜基底表面凹槽的几何特征尺寸对石墨烯吸附和剥离过程中凹槽基底对石墨烯吸附作用的影响机理和规律.结果表明:对于固定边界条件下的单层石墨烯,当基底表面的凹槽宽度固定不变时,吸附过程中基底对石墨烯的吸附力随二者间距的减小,呈现先增大后减小的趋势;其最大吸附力随凹槽深度的增加而增大,而当凹槽深度继续增大至石墨烯未能吸附进入凹槽底部的临界值时,吸附力迅速减小;剥离过程中,石墨烯完全剥离的临界作用力随凹槽深度的增加同样呈现先增大后减小的趋势,且与剥离前石墨烯与凹槽基底的相互作用面积有关;当基底表面凹槽的深度固定不变时,吸附和剥离过程中石墨烯-基底之间的吸附力随间距的变化规律取决于石墨烯在基底凹槽处的稳态吸附构型.  相似文献   

2.
分别采用Tersoff-Brenner势和AIREBO势,对三种长宽比的单层石墨烯纳米带在不同热力学温度(0.01—4000 K)下的弛豫性能进行了分子动力学模拟.对基于两种势函数模拟的石墨烯纳米带弛豫的能量曲线和表面形貌进行了分析对比,研究了石墨烯纳米带在弛豫过程中的动态平衡过程.模拟结果表明:单层石墨烯纳米带并非完美的平面结构,边缘处和内部都会呈现一定程度的起伏和皱褶,这与已有的实验结果相符合;石墨烯纳米带的表面起伏程度随长宽比的减小而减小,并且在不同温度条件下,系统动能对石墨烯纳米带的弛豫变形的影响很大,即系统温度越高,石墨烯纳米带的弛豫变形幅度愈大;高长宽比纳米带在一定温度条件下甚至会出现卷曲现象.最后,对采用Tersoff-Brenner势和AIREBO势进行石墨烯的分子动力学模拟进行了深入分析.  相似文献   

3.
石墨烯因其出色的比表面积和单层结构而被广泛认为是一种理想的电极材料。然而,实验制备的石墨烯常因官能团、缺陷和位错的引入而出现褶皱和变形。针对这一问题,本文构建了一系列具有不同幅度褶皱(a = 0 ~ 6.6 ?)的石墨烯片,并运用分子动力学模拟来研究这些褶皱石墨烯表面的双电层结构。本研究旨在探讨不同褶皱高度和充电状态下双电层的变化规律,及其与超级电容器储能性能之间的关系。研究发现,褶皱石墨烯模型内部的离子浓度随电压的增加呈现多峰层状分布,而表面离子浓度与施加的电压正相关。此外,石墨烯的褶皱结构能够减少离子和水对电极电压响应的敏感性。在不同电压条件下,褶皱型石墨烯结构的面积比电容(CA)始终高于其平面对应区域,突出了其在提升双电层储能性能上的优势。本研究揭示了石墨烯褶皱结构在调节离子分布、降低电压敏感性,以及增强电化学储能性能方面的特有作用机制。  相似文献   

4.
时间维度选择性反渗透原理虽然克服了反渗透膜微孔尺寸的限制,一定程度上突破了渗透性和选择性之间的平衡,但多层反渗透膜时间维度的滤盐机理尚未明晰.本文采用分子动力学方法,揭示了多孔石墨烯反渗透膜的厚度和剪切速度对盐水反渗透特性的影响规律.结果表明,随着多孔石墨烯反渗透膜旋转速度的增加,离子截留率增加而水通量先增加后降低;反渗透膜厚度的增加会提高离子截留率,但阻碍了水通量的上升.本文创新性地对三层石墨烯反渗透膜上的纳米孔结构进行了设计研究,发现梯度孔结构在保证高选择性的同时提高了渗透性;供给端最内层纳米孔径的变化对水通量的影响最为显著,水通量随该孔径的增加而快速上升.研究结果进一步阐明并验证了时间维度反渗透滤盐机理,利用梯度孔的设计提升了相同膜厚度情况下的水通量,为大尺度滤盐设备的设计研发提供了理论基础.  相似文献   

5.
我们通过共振拉曼光谱测量了转角多层石墨烯的层间振动模式:剪切模和呼吸模。根据改进的线性模型,我们发现在转角多层石墨烯界面处的层间呼吸耦合与正常Bernal堆垛多层石墨烯的强度相当。此结果明显不同于层间剪切耦合,后者在转角多层石墨烯界面处的层间剪切耦合减弱到了正常Bernal堆垛多层石墨烯的20%。另外,我们首次发现层间呼吸耦合存在着次近邻原子层之间的相互作用,其强度为最近邻的9%。我们发现当采用与界面层间旋转角度相对应的激发光时,转角多层石墨烯的拉曼信号得到极大的增强。为此,我们引入光学跃迁允许的电子联合态密度的概念,通过理论计算,我们发现这种联合态密度的极大值决定了拉曼信号共振线型的激发光能量极值。本研究表明,层间振动模式是探测二维层状异质层间耦合的有效手段,为其在器件应用方面的研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

6.
董赟  段早琦  陶毅  Gueye Birahima  张艳  陈云飞 《物理学报》2019,68(1):16801-016801
基于纳米摩擦能耗理论,利用分子动力学方法建立了公度接触下支撑刚度梯度变化的石墨烯层间摩擦力模型,分析了基底质心刚度和支撑刚度梯度变化对基底和薄片各接触区摩擦能耗的贡献.结果表明:软边界区始终贡献驱动力;硬边界区贡献的摩擦力最大,且随着支撑刚度的增大,硬边界区对总摩擦的贡献比也越高.各接触区的摩擦力是薄片和基底之间的褶皱势和接触区产生的法向变形差两部分的共同作用.前者是公度接触下阻碍滑移的界面势垒和刚度梯度方向上不同刚度支撑原子热振动引起的势梯度;后者是接触边界过渡区两侧原子的非对称变形和自由度约束突变引起的非平衡边界势垒相耦合的结果.本文对研究公度接触下刚度梯度支撑的纳米器件的相对运动规律有指导意义.  相似文献   

7.
为有效开发和利用新能源,人们迫切需要高性能的超级电容器提供能量的存储和转换.在超级电容器中双电层结构扮演着关键性的角色.本文利用分子动力学方法通过建立开放的石墨烯纳米孔道(1~2 nm),研究了KCl溶液在纳米孔道内的双电层结构,同时也比较了恒电量模拟(Q)和恒电势模拟法(U)下双电层结构的异同.结果表明在恒电势模拟法考虑了导电石墨烯壁的镜像作用使结果更符合实验中的材料系统.而石墨烯壁的镜像作用能额外吸附离子从而增强孔道内部的阴阳离子,这可能有助于电极电容的提升.通过对不同孔道高度的研究,本文发现水分子作为介电材料在水基超级电容器中发挥着决定性的作用.它能在很大程度上抵消不同离子和不同孔道高度下双电层的变化,从而在不同情况下获得了相似的电容.  相似文献   

8.
摩擦可调控的石墨烯作为固体润滑剂在微/纳机电系统中具有巨大的应用潜力.本文采用导电原子力显微镜对附着在Au/SiO2/Si基底上的石墨烯进行氧化刻蚀,比较了在不同刻蚀参数下石墨烯纳米图案的摩擦性能,并且通过开尔文力显微镜分析了不同刻蚀参数对纳米图案氧化程度的影响.结果表明:施加负偏压可以在石墨烯表面制造出稳定可调的氧化点、线等纳米级图案,氧化点的直径和氧化线的宽度都随着电压的增大而增大;增加石墨烯的厚度可以提高纳米图案的连续性和均匀性.摩擦力随着针尖电压的增大而增大,这是由于电压增大了弯液面力和静电力.利用这些加工的纳米级图案可以精确地调控石墨烯表面的摩擦大小.通过导电原子力显微镜刻蚀技术实现石墨烯表面纳米摩擦特性的可控,为石墨烯在微/纳米机电系统中的摩擦行为研究和具有图案表面的纳米器件的制备提供了新的思路和方法.  相似文献   

9.
石墨烯优异的力学和电学等性能,使其成为纳米机电谐振器的理想材料.通过分子动力学模拟方法研究了掺杂元素和掺杂浓度对单层石墨烯纳米梁振动特性的影响.研究结果表明,单层石墨烯纳米梁的振动频率随纳米梁长度的增加而减小,硼(B)掺杂、硼-硼(B-B)掺杂、铍(Be)掺杂和铍-铍(Be-Be)掺杂均会导致单层石墨烯纳米梁的振动频率降低.此外,随着硼(B)/铍(Be)掺杂浓度的增加,单层石墨烯纳米梁的振动频率逐渐降低.且随着掺杂浓度的增加,硼(B)掺杂石墨烯纳米梁的振动频率和铍(Be)掺杂石墨烯纳米梁的振动频率的差异逐渐增大.这对石墨烯纳米机械谐振器、振荡器等纳米器件的设计具有一定的理论指导意义.  相似文献   

10.
五边形石墨烯是一种完全由碳五元环组成的准二维的亚稳态碳结构,在不同载荷作用下其变形破坏机理仍需进一步研究。本文基于ReaxFF反应力场采用分子动力学方法模拟研究了五边形石墨烯的拉伸、剪切和纳米压痕破坏过程,得到了五边形石墨烯的拉伸和剪切应力-应变曲线以及压入载荷-位移曲线,系统分析了五边形石墨烯的变形破坏机理,并验证了五边形石墨烯在不同载荷作用下是否表现出塑性变形特征的一致性问题。研究结果表明,通过拉伸或纳米压入等不同加载方式均可准确测出五边形石墨烯的本征力学性能参数,其杨氏模量265.4-285.1 N/m,与第一性原理计算结果一致。研究还发现,五边形石墨烯在拉伸、剪切和纳米压痕过程中均会出现不可逆的塑性变形特征,而引起塑性变形的原因是由于不可逆的碳五元环向碳多元环结构的转变。以上研究结果可为基于五边形石墨烯的微/纳米机电系统的实际应用提供重要指导。  相似文献   

11.
Surface adhesion properties are important to various applications of graphene-based materials. Atomic force microscopy is powerful to study the adhesion properties of samples by measuring the forces on the colloidal sphere tip as it approaches and retracts from the surface. In this paper we have measured the adhesion force between the colloid probe and the surface of graphene (graphene oxide) nanosheet. The results revealed that the adhesion force on graphene and graphene oxide surface were 66.3 and 170.6 nN, respectively. It was found the adhesion force was mainly determined by the water meniscus, which was related to the surface contact angle of samples.  相似文献   

12.
We perform molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the structural response and fracture characteristics of nanoporous graphene (NPG) membranes subjected to shear loading. The effects of porosity, temperature, and shear velocity on the mechanical responses of NPG membranes are examined. The results show that the wrinkling of the membrane becomes more obvious with increasing strain. Fractures occur around holes on the long diagonal of the NPG parallelogram, and fracture stress in the NPG membrane decreases with increasing porosity. In addition, the effect of shear velocity on the shear modulus decreases with increasing porosity. The fracture strain of NPG membranes with different porosities obviously decreases with increasing temperature. The results enhance our understanding of the shear mechanical properties of NPG membranes and are helpful for the design and application of high-performance NPG membranes.  相似文献   

13.
溶胶-凝胶TiO2和SiO2光学膜的结构   总被引:6,自引:4,他引:6  
本文研究了TiO2和SiO2溶胶-凝胶光学膜在低温热处理下的组分、形貌特征、光散射特性.AES分析结果表明,在TiO2膜和SiO2膜的交界面处,Ti和Si相互扩散,从而证实了在多层膜中,膜层之间、膜层和基底之间有Ti-O-Si(或Si-O-Ti,或Si-O-Si)化学键形成.AES和ESCA分析结果显示溶胶-凝胶膜经过低温处理后C的含量较高,这归结为溶胶—凝胶膜的工艺特点.AFM测试结果显示,溶胶—凝胶TiO2光学膜的表面形貌具有显著的柱状结构,薄膜表面起伏大约是7.5nm.TiO2,SiO2单层膜的表面散射率随着热处理温度的提高而变大,对于不同陈化时间的溶液镀制的膜有不同的表面散率.  相似文献   

14.
Using all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we have investigated the adsorption stability and conformation change of different proteins on the surface of pristine graphene (PG) and graphene oxide (GO). We find that: (i) with the cooperation of the electrostatic interactions between proteins and oxygen-containing groups, GO shows better adsorption stability than PG; (ii) the peptide loses its secondary structure on both PG and GO surface, and the a-helix structure of the protein fragment is partially broken on PG surface, but is well preserved on GO surface, while the secondary structure of globular protein has no distinct change on both PG and GO surface. In general, GO presents better biocompatibility than PG. Our results are of significant importance to understand the interactions between proteins and PG/GO and the applications of PG/GO in biotechnology and biomedicine.  相似文献   

15.
This research article presents development of an economical, simple, immune and environment friendly process to grow few-layer graphene by controlling evaporation rate of polystyrene on copper foil as catalyst and substrate utilizing atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (APCVD) method. Evaporation rate of polystyrene depends on molecular structure, amount of used material and temperature. We have found controlling rate of evaporation of polystyrene by controlling the source temperature is easier than controlling the material weight. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) as well as Raman Spectroscopy has been used for characterization of the layers. The frequency of G′ to G band ratio intensity in some samples varied between 0.8 and 1.6 corresponding to few-layer graphene. Topography characterization by atomic force microscopy confirmed Raman results.  相似文献   

16.
    
Early stages of surface relief evolution of persistent slip markings (PSMs), formed in areas where persistent slip bands (PSBs) intersect the free surface, in polycrystalline 316L stainless steel cycled with constant plastic strain amplitude were studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD). Focused ion beam (FIB) technique was employed to obtain additional, more detailed information on the shape of PSMs. To reveal true qualitative and quantitative information on the simultaneous growth of intrusions and extrusions within individual PSMs, identical areas both on the specimen surface and on its inverse copy obtained via plastic replica were studied using AFM. Intrusions are preceded by extrusions regardless of orientation of individual grains of the polycrystal. The first intrusions appear largely around 1% of fatigue life at the moment when ‘static’ extrusions are developed. They appear predominantly but not exclusively at the side of extrusions where the emerging active slip plane is inclined to the surface at an acute angle. They grow faster than the stage of stable extrusion growth. Typical morphology of mature PSMs developed at 15% of fatigue life consists of ribbon-like extrusions accompanied by two thin parallel intrusions along both PSB–matrix interfaces. Experimental data on the morphology and growth of extrusions and intrusions are discussed in relation to the theoretical models and computer simulations of surface relief evolution leading to fatigue crack initiation.  相似文献   

17.
In this study, the combined density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation methods were carried out to investigate the potential capability of uranium-decorated graphene (U–G) for the separation of deuterium from hydrogen gases. Graphene with hexagonal honeycomb lattice arrangement is suitable for adsorption of individual uranium atoms, with a high binding energy (?1.173 eV) and U-U distance longer than 7 Å. This U-G system has ability to hold up to six H2 (5.16% wt) or seven D2 (11.75% wt) molecules per U atoms. To gain further insights into these interactions, partial electronic density of states (PDOS) and the electron density distribution of the elements were analyzed. The MD results are in reasonable agreement with the results obtained by DFT method. Our calculated results indicate that at room temperature, D2 molecule has higher affinity for U-G system than the H2 molecule. In order to increase the D2 separation factor from H2, the effect of temperature was studied. The results indicated that adsorption ratio of D2 to H2 increases by decreasing the temperature.  相似文献   

18.
纳米通道滑移流动的分子动力学研究   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4  
本文采用非平衡分子动力学方法对纳米通道内的Couette流动进行了研究,计算获得了不同壁面和流体间势能作用强度下通道内流体的速度分布和密度分布,反映出可能存在的速度滑移、表观无滑移和负滑移现象,并探讨了速度滑移程度和壁面作用强度之间的关系。  相似文献   

19.
    
To improve corrosion protections, a better understanding of the coating behavior and therefore the interaction properties between the inhibitor and the surface is a vital factor. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations were used to explore the adsorption properties of the pure epoxy and nano-SiO2-epoxy composites on the Al2Cu surface. The interaction energies and transferred charges of adsorbed composites on the Al2Cu surface and their optimized structures with various interacting orientations are investigated. It is found that nano-SiO2-epoxy adsorb more strongly on Al2Cu substrate in comparison with the epoxy matrix with interaction energies of ˗228.084 kcal/mol and ˗35.341 kcal/mol, respectively. The validity of our computational methods was evaluated by experiments as well as high-level quantum chemistry method. The atom-in-molecules analysis with DFT indicates that the interaction nature is typical for electrostatics. The stability of the adsorption behavior of composites on the surface was also explored by DFT-based molecular dynamics simulation.  相似文献   

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