共轭高聚物双分子链中激子生成的动力学研究

通过对耦合共轭高分子双链中激子生成的动力学研究,讨论了受到光激发后,激子在分子内或分子间生成的制约因素.激子的生成除了受分子链间耦合强度的制约,还受到光激发模式的影响.结果表明,激子既可以在分子内生成,也可以在耦合分子间生成.增大分子之间的相互作用强度,可以增大在分子之间生成激子的概率.     

共轭高分子中激子演化过程的非绝热动力学研究

有机共轭高分子受光激发或被电荷掺杂后可能会产生各种激发状态的激子,激子的演化过程对有机发光光谱有着至关重要的影响.通过非绝热动力学演化的方法模拟了受光激发后有机高分子中激子驰豫的动力学过程,结果表明高激发态激子不稳定,由于电声耦合作用,高激发态激子会持续向低激发态激子演化,同时,低激发态激子的复合发光会发生红移.稳定的激子复合发光光谱中,基态激子发光强度最大,可高达70-80%;第一激发态激子及其它激发态激子发光强度的总和不超过20%.     

共轭高分子中激子形成的非绝热动力学研究

有机共轭高分子被光激发后,其电子结构会发生明显的变化,通过非绝热数值计算的方法模拟了受光激发后有机高分子中激子生成的动力学过程.结果表明,激子的生成一般需要数十飞秒时间,激子的生成周期随分子链长度的增大而增大.高激发态激子可以根据生成周期分为两类,第一类激子的生成周期在数十到上百飞秒之间,第二类激子的生成周期可达上千飞秒.对于超过200个碳原子的高分子,第二类激子的生成周期可达5000飞秒以上.这个计算结果说明,相比于有机高分子,有机小分子中更容易观测到激子.     

共轭高聚物中极化子散射引起的激子迁移(英文)

基于Su-Schrieffer-Heeger(SSH)模型并考虑到Brazovskii-Kirova对称破缺项,研究了共轭聚合物中注入极化子和激子在外电场下的散射过程.研究发现在外场作用下极化子总是能通过激子,而激子的运动行为则密切依赖于电场的强度.如果电场大于临界电场3.0×10~5V/cm,那么激子与极化子散射后并不发生任何运动;然而当电场小于此临界值时,激子将在极化子运动的相反方向上有一个明显的位移.激子在弱电场下所发生的这种迁移运动,是由于同极化子发生了慢散射作用.     

有机高分子链内的场致激子解离

基于SSH(Su-Schrieffer-Heeger)模型,采用静态及动力学自洽算法模拟了有机高分子链内激子在光激发及外电场作用下的形成与解离过程。结果表明,受光激发后,有机高分子链内激子的生成与解离密切依赖于施加外电场的时机,当外电场与光激发同时发生时,激子能否生成完全取决于电场强度的大小;而当外电场在光激发后的一段时间(通常为皮秒量级)之后被引入,则在有机高分子链内能够形成稳定的激子,且该激子只有在强外电场(超过1MV/cm)的作用下,才会发生解离,临界场强量级与实验结果相符合。     

电场中高分子的发光和激子的解离

研究了电场对高分子的发光及激子的影响.1.在强电场中，激子会解离成正负极化子对，这可定量解释最近观察到的实验：(1)电场超过1.5MV/cm时，PPP衍生物的发光强度很快减弱；(2)电场对4.5MV/cm时，发光强度减为24%；(3)电场使发光光谱向蓝色移动.2.高分子中π电子具有“离域性”，易于极化.算得高分子中激子具有很大的极化率，比氢原子大三个数量级以上. 关键词：     

高聚物中极化子和三重态激子的碰撞过程研究

采用一维紧束缚近似的SSH模型,计算了不同强度的电场下高聚物中一个负电极化子和一个三重态激子的碰撞过程.结果表明,碰撞后体系仍保持为极化子和三重态激子状态的几率最大,束缚在极化子缺陷中的电子有较大的几率被激发到导带形成自由电子,另外,三重态激子有一定的几率被极化子湮灭形成极化子激发态.极化子和激子的碰撞对极化子的稳定性有影响,还会使能隙中出现新的能级.由于极化子激发态可以通过辐射跃迁回到基态,因此碰撞会对高聚物的电致发光效率产生一定影响.研究结果对于理解高聚物中极化子的输运性质和高聚物的发光性质具有一定的 关键词： 极化子 激子 高聚物     

聚合物发光器件中激子的解离与复合效率

对聚合物发光器件中极化子激子的形成与解离过程进行了详细探讨,提出了极化子激子解离的理论模型及解离概率的解析式,分析了激子解离后正、负极化子的输运过程,认为是极化子的链间跃迁实现了聚合物的电导,计算并讨论了内量子效率随外加电场、温度及杂质浓度的变化关系.该模型较好地解释了有关实验现象. 关键词： 聚合物发光器件 极化子激子 激子解离 内量子效率     

共轭有机高聚物PPQ薄膜的双光子吸收

在 532 nm波长处测量了共轭高聚物 PPQ薄膜的三阶光学非线性参数 ,发现其较强的非线性 (双光子 )吸收系数β≈ 0 . 59cm/ MW。其非线性折射率系数 n2 ≈ 9. 5× 10 -10 esu,认为这是双光子激发的纯电子响应。并对材料的品质因素进行了评估。     

高分子中激子和双激子的极化率(解析计算)

高分子的电致发光是载流子在电场中的输运和复合,为了阐明它的机理,需要研究高分子中激子的极化性质,首先求得了激子和双激子的解析解,然后用线性响应的Green函数方法计 算了两者的极化率,解析地证明了一个重要的结论：激子的极化率为正,双激子的极化率为负.从激子跃迁至双激子,高分子的电偶极矩要反转方向. 关键词： 激子 双激子 解析解 负极化率     

Improved exciton dissociation efficiency by a carbon-quantum-dot doped workfunction modifying layer in polymer solar cells

In addition to the phase-separated morphology of donor and acceptor, the internal field created by work-function difference between cathode and anode can also influence the exciton dissociation probability. In this study, we have demonstrated enhanced photovoltaic performance by increasing exciton dissociation efficiency. To improve both work-function modification effect and charge transport properties, we have incorporated novel carbon quantum dots (CQD) having NH₂ ligands into the polyethyleneimine (PEI) work-function modifying layer as a dopant. A study of net photocurrent density as a function of effective voltage showed that devices with a CQD-doped PEI layer had a much higher charge separation probability compared to devices with a pristine PEI layer. A Kelvin-probe force microscopy study demonstrated that a CQD-doped PEI layer induced lower work-function of ITO than that of ITO with a pristine PEI, which induced a stronger internal field. This strengthened internal field induced better exciton dissociation efficiency, thereby improving solar cell performance.     

Effect of disorder on exciton dissociation in conjugated polymers

By using a multi-configurational time-dependent Hartree–Fock(MCTDHF) method for the time-dependent Schr ?dinger equation and a Newtonian equation of motion for lattice, we investigate the disorder effects on the dissociation process of excitons in conjugated polymer chains. The simulations are performed within the framework of an extended version of the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model modified to include on-site disorder, off-diagonal, electron–electron interaction, and an external electric field. Our results show that Coulomb correlation effects play an important role in determining the exciton dissociation process. The electric field required to dissociate an exciton can practically impossibly occur in a pure polymer chain, especially in the case of triplet exciton. However, when the on-site disorder effects are taken into account, this leads to a reduction in mean dissociation electric fields. As the disorder strength increases, the dissociation field decreases effectively. On the contrary, the effects of off-diagonal disorder are negative in most cases. Moreover, the dependence of exciton dissociation on the conjugated length is also discussed.     

Femtosecond laser micromachining in the conjugated polymer MEH-PPV

Femtosecond-laser micromachining of poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylene vinylene] films is investigated using 130 fs pulses at 800 nm from a laser oscillator operating at 76 MHz repetition rate. We investigate the effect of pulse energy and translation speed on the depth and morphology of the micromachined regions. We quantified the MEH-PPV photobleaching induced by the fs-laser, and the conditions in which the emission of MEH-PPV is preserved after the micromaching.     

聚烷基芴电场调制光谱研究

有机发光材料和器件中相关物理机制是一个人们普遍关心的问题, 特别是电场作用下的有机半导体激发态的行为格外引起人们的关注。电场调制发光光谱是研究在电场中元激发的产生和发展的非常有效的方法。文章利用电场调制光致发光(PL)方法研究了聚烷基芴的PL电场猝灭效应,得到聚烷基芴激子离化随电场强度变化的规律和载流子平均跳跃距离。研究还显示PL猝灭因子随激发波长的变化,短波长激发光时猝灭因子大。     

Optical absorptions of an exciton in a disc-like quantum dot under an electric field

An exciton in a disc-like quantum dot (QD) with the parabolic confinement, under applied electric field, is studied within the framework of the effective-mass approximation. Both the electric field and the confinement effects on the transition energy and the oscillator strength were investigated. Based on the computed energies and wave functions, the linear, the third-order nonlinear and the total optical absorption coefficients were also calculated. We found that the optical absorption coefficients with considering excitonic effects are stronger than those without considering excitonic effects and the absorption peak will move to the right side induced by the electron-hole interaction, which shows an excitonic effect blue-shift of the resonance in QDs. The applied electric field may affect either the size or the position of absorption peaks of excitons. However, the applied electric field may only affect the size of absorption peaks of an electron-hole pair without considering excitonic effects. It is very important to take excitonic effects into account when we study the optical absorption for disc-like QDs. We may observe the excitonic effect induced by the external electric field.     

验证感生电场存在的实验

针对磁场变化时激发产生的感生电场很难演示的问题,设计了演示感生电场存在的实验. 该实验将不同功能的仪器组合起来使用,通过亥姆霍兹线圈的交变磁场对带电粒子的作用效果,直观说明感生电场的存在.     

Magnetic field induced donor exciton binding energy in a strained InAs/InP quantum wire

Magneto–exciton bound donor is investigated in a strained InAs/InP quantum wire within the framework of single band effective mass approximation. The strain contribution to the potential is determined via deformation potential theory. The interband optical transition is computed with the various structural parameters in the influence of magnetic field.