Bi~(3+)和Eu~(3+)在Ca_2SiO_4中的发光和能量传递

用高温固态反应合成了Ca_2SiO_4:Bi~(3+),Ca_2SiO_4:Eu~(3+)和Ca_2SiO_4:Eu~(3+),Bi~(3+)发光体。讨论了不同掺杂量和掺杂种类时Bi~(3+)对Eu~(3+)的~5D_0-~7F_1,~5D_0-~7F_2发射的影响规律。实验发现,Ca_2SiO_4:Bi~(3+)在紫外线激发下发出明亮的蓝色光,Ca_2SiO_4:Eu~(3+),Bi~(3+)中的Bi~(3+)能将激发能传递给Eu~(3+),使Eu~(3+)的~5D_0-~7F_1和~5D_0-~7F_2两种跃迁都大大加强,同时,Bi~(3+)也发出鲜艳的紫色光。     

Bi~(3+)或Sm~(3+)掺杂对NaGd(WO_4)_2∶Eu~(3+)荧光粉结构和发光性质的影响

采用水热法制备了白光LED用NaGd_(0.95-x)(WO_4)_2∶0.05Eu~(3+),x Bi~(3+)(x=0,0.02,0.04,0.06,0.08)和NaGd_(0.95-y)(WO_4)_2∶0.05Eu~(3+),y Sm~(3+)(y=0,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.04)系列红色荧光粉,通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜及荧光分光光度计等表征手段分析了样品的物相结构、颗粒形貌以及发光性质。结果表明:少量离子掺杂对NaGd(WO_4)_2的晶体结构影响较小,样品均为四方晶系、白钨矿结构的纯相;颗粒形貌呈四方盘状,且粒度均匀,分散性良好,Bi~(3+)或Sm~(3+)的引入使颗粒尺寸由原来的4μm分别增加至5μm和6μm。该系列荧光粉均可被近紫外光(394 nm)有效激发,其最强发射峰位于614 nm处,归属于Eu~(3+)的5D0→7F2电偶极跃迁。掺杂适量的Bi~(3+)或Sm~(3+)可有效提高NaGd_(0.95)(WO_4)_2∶0.05Eu~(3+)荧光粉的发光强度和红光的色纯度,其中Sm~(3+)的引入对其影响更为明显。     

Na_2CaSiO_4:Sm~(3+),Eu~(3+)荧光粉的发光特性和能量传递

利用高温固相法合成Na_2CaSiO_4:Sm~(3+),Eu~(3+)系列荧光粉末,研究了Sm~(3+)和Eu~(3+)掺杂对Na_2CaSiO_4晶体结构的影响、材料发光特性以及存在的能量传递现象.X射线衍射结果表明Sm~(3+)和Eu~(3+)单掺及共掺样品均为单相的Na_2CaSiO_4结构,晶体结构没有改变.Na_2CaSiO_4:Sm~(3+)荧光样品在404 nm激发波长下呈现峰峰值为602 nm的橙红色荧光,来源于~4G_(5/2)→~6H_(7/2)跃迁.Na_2CaSiO_4:Eu~(3+)荧光样品在395 nm激发波长下发射出峰峰值为613 nm的红色荧光.对光谱和荧光寿命的测试和分析结果表明Sm~(3+)与Eu~(3+)之间存在能量传递,通过理论计算得到Sm~(3+)和Eu~(3+)之间的能量传递临界距离为1.36 nm,相互作用形式为电四极-电四极相互作用.随着Eu~(3+)掺杂浓度的增加,能量传递效率也逐渐提高至20.6%.     

太阳电池用YVO_4∶Eu~(3+)下转换材料的掺杂改性研究

为进一步提高YVO_4材料的下转换发光性能,在改进后的溶胶-凝胶法制备的YVO_4∶Eu~(3+)中,通过掺入Bi~(3+)来拓宽其在紫外波段的光谱吸收并提高其发光强度,通过掺入P~(5+)达到以PO_4~(3-)部分取代VO_4~(3-)来改善YVO_4∶Eu~(3+)的光输出稳定性及温度猝灭特性的目的。研究表明,掺入的Bi~(3+)和P~(5+)可成功取代YVO_4晶格中的Y~(3+)和V~(5+)。当Bi~(3+)掺入量较少时,样品仍然为四方晶系,Bi~(3+)较好地取代了Y~(3+)的晶格位置,形成单相的晶体结构。而在掺入少量的P~(5+)之后,YVO_4与YPO_4之间形成了均匀的固溶体。在350 nm激发光源作用下,当Bi~(3+)和P5+掺杂摩尔分数分别为0.04和0.10时,发光强度达到最大,特别是YV0.90P0.10O4∶0.05Eu~(3+)在619 nm处的发光强度要比YVO_4∶0.05Eu~(3+)的发光强度增大1.9倍。     

基于 Eu~(3 +)还原制备 Eu~(3 +)-Eu~(2 +)共存发光材料的研究进展

稀土Eu元素因其优良的光学特性常被作为激活离子广泛应用于无机发光材料中。激活离子的发光性质由自身的价态决定,同时受基质晶体结构影响。不同价态的Eu离子呈现不同的光学特性,当二者共存时有可能得到单一基质的白光。本文主要综述近几年Eu~(3+)-Eu~(2+)共存于铝酸盐、磷酸盐、硅酸盐及硼酸盐基质中的荧光性能、Eu~(3+)的还原条件及还原机理。     

沉淀法制备Li~+、Na~+掺杂Gd_2O_3:Eu~(3+)荧光粉及发光特性研究

用沉淀法制备Li~+、Na~+和Eu~(3+)共掺Gd_2O_3荧光粉,并与微波-固相法制备的样品进行了比较。通过测量该粉体的XRD、激发光谱和发射光谱,比较了样品的微观结构和讨论了不同合成条件对Gd_2O_3:Eu~(3+)荧光粉发光特性的影响。结果显示在相同的条件下,对于未掺入Li~+的Gd_2O_3:Eu~(3+)样品比较,沉淀法制备样品的发光强度是微波-固相法制备样品的1.68倍;掺入Li~+的Gd_2O_3:Eu~(3+)样品比较,沉淀法制备样品的发光强度是微波—固相法制备样品的1.82倍。当使用草酸作为沉淀剂,掺杂浓度为Li~+(4.5 mol%)、Na~+(4.5mol%)、Eu~(3+)(4.5mol%),在800℃煅烧2h后获得样品的发光强度,是Gd_2O_3:Eu~(3+)荧光粉的5.91倍。     

硅酸锶掺Eu^3^＋的高压合成及发光特性

首次采用高压高温方法合成了Sr_2SiO_4:Eu~(3+)Bi~(3+)和SrSiO_3:Eu~(3+)Bi~(3+)发光材料,研究了合成压力、合成温度对发光特性的影响。与常压合成产物相比较,发光谱线发生了红移;谱线半宽度显著增大;发光强度和量子发光效率下降。X射线衍射分析得出,SrSiO_3:Eu~(3+)Bi~(3+)发生了结构相变,Sr_2SiO_4:Eu~(3+)Bi~(3+)结构未变但晶格参数发生了变化,且主衍射峰强度发生了反转。分析表明,发光特性的变化是压致晶场、库仑及自旋～轨道相互作用的变化引起的。     

Y~(3+)掺杂对Sr_(1-x)Ca_xSi_2O_2N_2∶Eu~(2+)发光性能的影响

采用高温固相反应法制备了Sr_(1-x)Ca_xSi_2O_2N_2∶Eu~(2+)系列荧光粉,研究Y~(3+)离子掺入对荧光粉发光性能的影响。对于Sr Si_2O_2N_2∶Eu~(2+),Y~(3+)离子掺入主要起到稳定Eu~(2+)价态的作用,避免Eu~(2+)氧化为Eu~(3+),从而提高Sr Si_2O_2N_2∶Eu~(2+)的发光性能。对于Ca Sr Si_2O_2N_2∶Eu~(2+),Y~(3+)离子掺入除了稳定Eu~(2+)价态作用外,还能有效减小Eu~(2+)取代Ca~(2+)后晶格膨胀引起的应力,提高Eu~(2+)在晶格中的溶解度。Sr_(1-x)Ca_xSi_2O_2N_2∶Eu~(2+)(x=0,0.15,0.3,0.6,0.75,0.95)系列荧光粉中随着Ca含量的增加,共掺Y~(3+)离子对样品发光强度的提高程度也随之增加(20%~80%)。     

金属离子Bi~(3+)掺杂Lu_(1-x)O_3:x%Ho~(3+)荧光粉的发光性能

采用高温固相法制备了金属离子Bi~(3+)掺杂Lu_(1-x)O_3:x%Ho~(3+)系列荧光粉,研究了不同浓度Bi~(3+)掺杂Lu_(1-x)O_3:x%Ho~(3+)荧光粉的晶体结构、Lu_2O_3基质中Bi~(3+)→Ho~(3+)的能量传递规律及合成粉体的发光性质。X射线衍射结果表明Bi~(3+)、Ho~(3+)掺杂对Lu_2O_3的立方相结构没有影响。在322 nm激发波长下发射出位于551 nm处Ho~(3+)的~5S_2→~5I_8跃迁;在551 nm监测下,合成的Ho~(3+)、Bi~(3+)共掺杂Lu_2O_3荧光粉出现Bi~(3+)的322 nm特征激发峰以及Ho~(3+)的448 nm处的~5I_8→~5F_1跃迁。当Bi~(3+)掺杂浓度为1.5%时,Bi~(3+)对Ho~(3+)的能量传递最有效,比单掺Ho~(3+)样品发射强度提高了34.8倍。Lu_(98.5%-y)O_3:1.5%Ho~(3+),y%Bi~(3+)(y=1,1.5,2)样品,随着Bi~(3+)掺杂浓度增加,用980 nm激发比322 nm激发在551 nm处获得的光强分别提高了13.3倍、16.8倍、14.2倍。通过计算得到Bi~(3+)和Ho~(3+)之间的能量传递临界距离为2.979 nm,且Bi~(3+)与Ho~(3+)之间的能量传递是通过偶极-四极相互作用实现的。     

微波法合成红色荧光粉CaCO_3:Eu~(3+)

采用微波法合成了红色荧光粉CaCO_3:Eu~(3+)。通过SEM,XRD和PL-PLE光谱等对样品的性能进行了表征和分析。同时,研究了微波功率对样品发光性能的影响。结果表明:样品在不同功率下会生成球霰石型的花片状、方解石型的立方体和文石型的针状等不同晶型的碳酸钙,颗粒的分散性好。波谱分析说明,掺杂Eu~(3+)作为发光中心进入到CaCO_3晶格中,其激发光谱主要由200～300 nm的Eu~(3+)—O~(2-)电荷迁移跃迁形成,属于宽带激发,在319,395,465,535 nm等处有窄的激发峰出现。在发射光谱中,由于磁偶极跃迁~5D_0→~7F_1受到不同晶体场的作用而分裂为593和589 nm两个峰,最强的发射峰为614 nm,对应于Eu~(3+)的电偶极跃迁~5D_0→~7F_2,属于纯正的红色发光。此外,随着微波功率的提高,基质的晶型逐渐由花片状的球霰石向针状的文石型过渡,样品的红色发射强度也逐渐增强。     

Cooperative energy transfer and frequency upconversion in Yb3+-Tb 3+ and Nd 3+-Yb 3+-Tb 3+ codoped GdAl3(BO3)4 phosphors

Polycrystalline GdAl₃(BO₃)₄ phosphors codoped with Yb³⁺/Tb³⁺ and/or Nd³⁺/Yb³⁺/Tb³⁺ have been synthesized by combustion method. Upon excitation with a 980 nm laser diode, an intense green upconversion luminescence has been observed in GdAl₃(BO₃)₄:Yb,Tb phosphor. The quadratic dependence of the luminescence on the pump-laser power indicating a cooperative energy transfer process. Meanwhile, it is noticed that upon excitation with 808 nm laser diode, intense luminescence has clearly been detected in GdAl₃(BO₃)₄:Nd,Yb,Tb phosphor. The luminescence intensity exhibits also a quadratic dependence on incident pump-laser power. However, no green-emission has been observed in GdAl₃(BO₃)₄ phosphors codoped with Yb³⁺/Tb³⁺ or Nd³⁺/Tb³⁺ respectively upon excited at 808 nm laser diode. A proposed upconversion mechanism involving energy transfer from Nd³⁺ to Yb³⁺, and then a cooperative energy transfer process from two excited Yb³⁺ to Tb³⁺ has been presented.     

Eu3+ luminescence and Gd3+-Eu3+ energy transfer in K5Li2GdF10:Eu3+

Polycrystalline samples of europium-doped K₅Li₂GdF₁₀ have been obtained by a slow cooling of melted compound and investigated using spectroscopy methods. Luminescence from the ⁵ D ₂ level of Eu³⁺ is found to be weak. Intense visible emission upon excitation into the ⁵ D ₂ or higher energy levels has been attributed to overlapping transitions from long-lived ⁵ D ₁ and ⁵ D ₀ levels. A strong increase of the ⁵ D ₀ emission at the expense of the ⁵ D ₁ emission occurs between 5 K and 25 K without significant change of the ⁵ D ₁ lifetime. To account for this, it is supposed that both the radiative and the nonradiative transition rates are temperature-dependent. Efficient energy transfer from the ⁶ G _J levels of Gd³⁺ to Eu³⁺ ions has been evidenced by excitation spectra in the VUV region and VUV-excited luminescence. It has been concluded that the cross relaxation contributes to the energy-transfer process. Received: 8 May 2001 / Accepted: 11 May 2001 / Published online: 25 July 2001     

Ce3+离子敏化Eu3+∶Cr3+∶Sm3+∶YAG外延层的荧光现象

对Ce3+ ∶Eu3+ ∶Cr3+ ∶Sm3+ ∶YAG处延层中的荧光敏化现象进行了报道和分析 ,在较高浓度的Ce3+ 离子掺杂时 ,外延层在蓝色、绿色波段出现了新的荧光谱线 ,可解释为在Ce3+ 离子敏化作用下 ,Eu3+ 离子产生了由高位激发态能级5Di(i=1,2 ,3)直接到基态能级7Fj(j =0 ,1,2 ,3)的辐射跃迁过程 ,并且这种Ce3+ ∶Eu3+ ∶Cr3+ ∶Sm3+ ∶YAG外延层还是一种新颖的白色单晶荧光材料。     

Stark splitting and energy transfer between Dy3+-Ho3+ and between Tb3+-Er3+ in calcium-lithium borate glass

Fluorescence spectrum of Dy³⁺, Dy³⁺-Ho³⁺, Tb³⁺ and Tb³⁺-Er³⁺ doped in calibo glass have been studied using Ar⁺ and excimer lasers. Non-radiative energy transfer from trivalent dysprosium and terbium (donors) to holmium and erbium (acceptors) respectively has been observed on the basis of decrease in the life time of the levels and reduction in fluorescence intensity of Dy³⁺ and Tb³⁺ on increasing Ho and Er concentrations. The interaction mechanism of donor and acceptor ions is found to be dipole-dipole in both cases. Various parameters such as donor-acceptor distances, non-radiative energy transfer efficiency (η) and energy transfer probability (P _da) have been computed. Stark splitting have also been marked in several intense transition of the two.     

Optical spectroscopy of Cr3+ and Cr3+-Tm3+ in alkaline silicate glasses

Conclusions Alkaline silicate glasses seem to be good candidates as host materials for codoping with Cr³⁺ and Tm³⁺. Cr³⁺ ions occupy mainly low-field sites in them, and their broadband emission overlaps Tm³⁺ excitation. As a consequence very high efficiency for the energy transfer Cr³⁺→Tm³⁺ is achieved with moderate concentrations of these ions. Moreover, the average lifetime of the Cr³⁺ ions in codoped glasses is long enough to allow significant energy storage by flashlamp pumping. Published in Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 62, No. 5, pp. 115–120, September–October, 1995.     

GdBO3：Pr3+，Yb3+中Pr3+到Yb3+的能量传递及发光性质

采用高温固相法制备了一系列单掺或双掺Pr3+和Yb3+的GdBO3材料,分别测试分析了材料的物相结构和发光性质。在446 nm蓝光( Pr3+：3 H4→3 P2)激发下,检测到Yb3+的近红外特征发射,表明样品中存在Pr3+到Yb3+的能量传递。 Pr3+的掺杂浓度一定时,样品的发光会随着Yb3+掺杂浓度的改变而发生变化。通过对比不同掺杂情况下Pr3+：3 P0能级的衰减曲线,发现随着Yb3+的掺杂浓度的增加,该能级的荧光寿命不断缩短;同时利用不同条件下的衰减特性计算得出不同 Yb3+掺杂浓度样品的能量传递效率。用 Inokuti-Hirayama模型分析表明Pr3+-Yb3+能量传递类型为偶极子-偶极子相互作用。     

LaOBr:Ce,Tb中Ce3+对Tb3+发光的影响

近年来人们对LaOBr:Tb的合成及其发光特性的研究日益增多。LaOBr:Tb不仅是良好的X光增感屏材料,也是较好的阴极射线发光材料。为了进一步提高它的亮度,降低了b的含量(因Tb很贵),寻求LaOBr中Tb3+发光的敏化剂是很重要的。     

LaOBr:Ce3+,Tb3+中Ce3+与Tb3+间能量传递

本文利用毫微秒技术在ns秒量级测量了不同浓度组分的LaOBr:Ce3+,Tb3+中Ce3+发射带的衰减常数τCe值和时间分辨光谱,确立了Ce3到Tb3+能量传递过程模型,建立了动力学方程和导出能量传递的计算公式。据此计算出Ce3+到Tb3+的能量传递几率和效率,得出Ce3+,Tb3+的最佳浓度。     

在NaGdF4：Tm3+, Dy3+中Gd3+间的能量迁移及Gd3+-Dy3+能量传递量子效率

基于量子剪裁基本原理,通过光谱技术研究NaGdF₄:Tm³⁺,Dy³⁺在一个真空紫外光子激发下获得两个蓝色光子的可能性。在这种化合物中,量子剪裁通过下转换,即通过应用不同镧系离子间的能量传递进行。通过对Tm 4f¹²-4f¹¹5d激发,部分能量从Tm³⁺离子5d态直接传递给Gd³⁺,然后在Gd³⁺-Tm³⁺之间发生交叉弛豫,剩余能量从Gd³⁺传递给Dy³⁺,产生两个可见光子发射,一个来自Tm³⁺的¹G₄-³H₆跃迁,另一个来自Dy³⁺的⁴F_9/2-⁶H_15/2跃迁。主要研究获得以NaGdF₄:Tm³⁺,Dy³⁺为基础的新型具有更高效率,更高稳定性和更强真空紫外(VUV)吸收量子剪裁发光粉的可能性。各种光谱技术,如光致发光、激发和衰减等被用来表征不同Dy³⁺浓度掺杂NaGdF₄中Gd³⁺晶格间能量迁移引起的施主Gd³⁺和受主Dy³⁺之间的能量传递。结果表明Gd³⁺离子之间存在能量迁移,随之交换相互作用引起施主与受主(Gd³⁺-Dy³⁺)之间的能量传递。通过Bursh-tein等人关于激发态的弛豫理论,施主-受主能量传递参数k_DS可以从Gd³⁺的⁶P_7/2发射的衰减计算出。Gd³⁺-Dy³⁺能量传递量子效率也可以得到。NaGdF₄:Tm³⁺和NaGdF₄:Tm³⁺,Dy³⁺是由水热法制备的,NaGdF₄:Dy³⁺是由文献[4]方法制备的。发射光谱和激发光谱通过自制的VUV光谱仪和F-4500测量。衰减曲线由OPO激光器激发获得Gd³⁺-Dy³⁺之间能量传递量子效率在受主浓度大约在N_A=0.6%时达到最佳值,并且明显地观测到浓度猝灭效应。