Criterial generalization of the characteristics of an electric arc in a magnetic field

Similarity criteria are derived for an arc moving in a transverse magnetic field when the length of the arc is large enough not to enter into the system of determining (limiting) parameters. An analysis of experimental data is presented in terms of these criteria.Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Mekhaniki i Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki, No. 3, pp. 147–149, May–June, 1971.     

Parameters of a closed arc stabilized by a longitudinal flow of argon

This article sets forth the results of an investigation of the temperature, velocity, dynamic head, and static pressure in high-current argon arcs used in plasma metallurgy. It is shown that the velocity and the amount of gas pumped through the column of the arc are determined by the current of the arc. A calculation is made and equations are presented which permit calculating this type of arc on the basis of a simplified equilibrium model. Experiment is compared with theory.Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Mekhaniki i Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki, No. 1, pp. 66–74, January–February, 1973.     

Probe measurements in the channel of a magnetic annular arc

The profiles of the electron temperature and density in the channel of a magnetic annular arc have been measured with the help of an electrical circuit developed for large probe currents.Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Mekhaniki i Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki, No. 5, pp. 158–160, September–October, 1973.     

Effect of longitudinal magnetic field on high-speed boundary layer transition

The effect of a longitudinal field on high-speed boundary layer transition has been experimentally investigated.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 4, pp. 175–177, July–August, 1991.     

Mixing of wakes in a longitudinal magnetic field

The results of measuring the velocity profiles in the initial section of mixing of turbulent wakes of an electrically conducting fluid in a longitudinal magnetic field are presented. It is shown that the magnetic field has a substantial effect on the jet; it narrows the width of the mixing zone and increases the length of the initial section in comparison with the case of the absence of a magnetic field. The results obtained indicate that the velocity profiles in the mixing layer during flow in a longitudinal magnetic field are self-preserving. The function taking into account the effect of the magnetic field in the expression for eddy stresses is determined on the basis of the experimental data. The width of the mixing zone during flow of wakes in the initial section in a longitudinal magnetic field was calculated with the use of the dependence obtained for . The calculation results are compared with experimental data.Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR. Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 5, pp. 33–44, September–October, 1972.     

Mixed spatial gas flows in a longitudinal magnetic field

Mixed spatial flows of infinite-conductivity gases in a longitudinal magnetic field are discussed. A smallperturbation method is used to find approximate equations for the magnetic potential of the perturbation velocity for all possible mixed flows; some of the particular integrals of these equations are obtained.In conclusion the author thanks S. V. Fal'kovich for interest in the study.     

Boundary layer on a flat plate with strong longitudinal magnetic field

The influence of a magnetic field on the boundary layer on a flat plate in a sufficiently strongly ionized gas stream is studied. The magnetic field is parallel to the plate and to the velocity of the free stream, and it is so strong that the transport coefficients become anisotropic (the cyclotron rotation frequency of the charged particles is greater than or equal to the order of the frequency of the particle collisions). Using the results of [1–3] it is shown that the effect of the strong longitudinal magnetic field with a sufficiently high degree of gas ionization leads to a reduction in the thermal flux to the plate. For low degrees of ionization this effect is very small, since the viscosity and heat conduction in this case are determined by the neutral component of the gas.Results are presented of numerical calculations of the considered problem with account for the dependence of the transport coefficients on the thermodynamic parameters. It is assumed throughout that the magnetic Reynolds number is small (R_m1).     

Stability of a plane ionizing shock in a longitudinal magnetic field

The influence of a permanent transverse magnetic field on the stability of a plane shock relative to small displacements of its front from the equilibrium position was examined in [1, 2]. Under the same simplifying assumptions, the stability of a shock in a longitudinal magnetic field (the induction vector is directed along the normal to the discontinuity) is investigated in this paper. The boundaries of the stability domain are determined. It is shown that the whole domain of neutral oscillations which exist in the gasdynamic case makes the transition into the stability domain in the presence of a longitudinal field. The boundaries of the stability domain are independent of the interaction parameter in contrast to the case of shock motion in a transverse field [2].Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 2, pp. 195–198, March–April, 1976.     

Stability of Poiseuille flow in the presence of a longitudinal magnetic field

The stability of the plane flow of an electrically conducting fluid with respect to small perturbations was studied at large Reynolds numbers in the presence of a longitudinal magnetic field. The dependence of the critical Reynolds number on the electrical conductivity is investigated. At large Reynolds numbers, a new branch of instability and a sudden change in the critical Reynolds numbers is found. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 49, No. 3, pp. 45–53, May–June, 2008.     

Analysis of conducting-gas channel flow in a self-induced magnetic field

The flow of a conducting gas in a flat channel is investigated in the hydraulic approximation with allowance for the Hall effect and the differential term in Ohm's law. Although channel flow has been extensively studied (for example, in [1–7]), these factors have not been simultaneously taken into account. It turns out that their presence makes it impossible to introduce a perfectly uniform gas dynamic flow, which complicates the problem. Special attention is paid to the conditions of realization of a smooth transition through the characteristic velocity which, in these circumstances, does not correspond to a gas dynamic Mach number equal to unity.Translated from Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No.1, pp. 1119, January–February, 1993.     

Propagation of elastic waves in a rod in a longitudinal magnetic field

The propagation of harmonic waves in discussed for an ideally conducting continuous elastic cylindrical rod within an ideally conducting cylindrical rube. The annulus contains a steady homogeneous longitudinal magnetic field. The dispersion equation is derived. The case of bending vibrations is considered.     

The influence of a magnetic field on free convection in a finite vertical channel

An approximate analytical solution is presented for developing free convection flows of electrically conducting fluids between finite vertical channels which are subjected to a uniformly applied transverse magnetic field. Specifically, the basic approximation lies in the linearization of the governing boundary layer type of equations. It is demonstrated that the application of a transverse magnetic field reduces the induced flow rate in the channel and the heat transfer to the fluid.     

Effect of longitudinal riblets on the aerodynamic characteristics of a straight wing

The results of balance aerodynamic tests on model straight wings with smooth and ribbed surfaces at an angle of attack =–4°–12°, Mach number M=0.15–0.63, and Reynolds number Re=2.4·10⁶–3.5·10⁶ are discussed. The nondimensional riblet spacings ⁺, which determines the effect of the riblets on the turbulent friction drag, and the effect of riblets on the upper and/or lower surface of a straight wing on its drag, lift, and moment characteristics are estimated.Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 2, pp. 33–38, March–April, 1995.