一种制备均匀单分散CeO2纳米微粒的新方法

利用改进的两相液流法制备了均匀单分散的ＣｅＯ２纳米微粒,用透射电子显微镜、Ｘ射线衍射仪对样品进行了形貌和结构表征。     

油溶性金属Ni纳米微粒的制备与表征

纳米材料的制备、性能与应用已成为近年来的研究热点之一犤１犦。由于在催化、光学和电学材料中的广泛应用，超细单分散的金属微粒的制备与性质已引起人们的广泛兴趣。通常制备金属纳米微粒的方法有两种：一是把固体金属材料分裂为纳米尺寸的颗粒，如机械粉碎、电弧放电及金属原子蒸气沉积犤２犦，用这种方法制备的金属微粒粒径一般都比较大，且粒子尺寸分布宽，另一种是把金属原子制成纳米尺度的颗粒，如乳液聚合法犤３犦、热解犤４犦、γ－射线辐照犤５犦、脉冲电沉积犤６犦和化学还原犤７犦等，这种方法制备的微粒粒径通常分布窄且粒子小…     

无溶剂热分解单源前驱体法制备有机单分子层表面修饰NiS纳米微粒

纳米微粒由于具有很多特别的物理和化学性质,在光、电、磁、机械等各个领域显示出了广阔的应用前景,所以纳米微粒的制备与性能研究是近年来化学、物理和材料科学中最热门和最前沿的课题之一。尽管目前有多种纳米微粒的制备方法见诸文献报道,但是新的纳米微粒的制备方法依然是人们追求的目标之一。无溶剂合成纳米材料是近年来开始研究的制备纳米材料的新方法,在无溶剂环境中,微粒之间的碰撞基本不发生,微粒生长过程是通过单体加成来实现的,这样就较易得到形状和尺寸单分散的纳米材料。但是采用无溶剂合成纳米材料时通常需要加入捕获剂来控制…     

水基纳米聚硅乳液的制备及增注性能研究

选用复配表面活性剂,用水代替柴油作为携带介质,将超疏水的纳米聚硅均匀稳定地分散在水中,制备成水基纳米聚硅乳液.室内试验结果表明:所制备的水基纳米聚硅乳液的分散性和稳定性较好,制备过程简单易行,便于实现工业化生产.粒径为10 nm左右的SiO2微粒在水中分散良好,该乳液遇盐发生破乳,释放出来的纳米聚硅微粒粒径在5～10 ...     

PS/TiO2复合纳米微球的制备和结构表征

无机纳米微粒具有特殊的物理化学性能 ,近年来在摩擦学领域中受到越来越多的重视 .由于无机纳米微粒难以分散于润滑基础油中 ,故其作为润滑材料主要用作聚合物填料和润滑脂添加剂 .为了改善其在基础油中的分散性 ,需要对无机纳米微粒进行表面改性 ,制备成有机无机复合纳米微粒 ,从而使它们能够用作润滑油添加剂 .目前有机小分子表面修饰无机纳米微粒的摩擦学性能已有报导 [1－ 3],但是聚合物修饰无机纳米微粒的研究较少 ,并且大多是采用高分子（如 PVK,PVA等）直接包埋的方法 ,用这种方法制得的微粒 ,粒径差别较大,性能不太稳定 .　　本…     

聚合物基无机纳米复合材料的制备方法Ⅱ.直接分散法和同时形成法

聚合物基无机纳米复合材料制备的关键问题是无机纳米粒子在聚合物基体中保持其纳米尺度的分散,本文主要讨论直接分散法、同时形成法制备聚合物基无机纳米材料的基本原理和技术要点。     

十八胺修饰镍微球的制备与表征

采用热分解方法,以醋酸镍为前驱体,以表面活性剂十八胺为溶剂、还原剂和稳定剂,在镍纳米微粒初生成时进行原位表面修饰,制备出接近单分散的镍微球.采用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪等分析了产物的尺寸、形貌、晶体结构及成分.结果表明,所制备的镍微球具有面心立方结构,由分散性良好、尺寸为300～400nm的纳米微粒组成;其在有机介质中具有良好的分散性,同时保持磁性纳米微粒的特性,可望用于电磁屏蔽材料和吸波材料.     

微乳液法制备CaF2纳米颗粒

目前 ,通过微乳液合成方法已成功地制备出许多种类的化合物纳米微粒[1,2 ] .Bender等[3] 曾用微乳液法制备出掺杂钕的 Ba F2 纳米颗粒 ,并研究了其荧光特性 ,样品的最大发射波长为 1 0 52 nm,荧光寿命为 3 50～ 90 0 ns,在适当的钕掺杂浓度下 ,获得了较高的荧光强度 .Qiu等[4 ] 也于微乳液体系中制备出 Ce F3纳米颗粒 .纳米复合体系 (Mg2 Si O4 ∶Cr)可以用作光放大材料[5] ,其光学增益可以与路径长度相当的单晶体相比拟 .基于掺杂稀土离子的氟化物纳米复合体系存在着巨大的应用前景 ,本文用微乳液技术首次制备出 Ca F2 纳米微粒 ,为研…     

两亲性高度枝化聚酯纳米微粒的合成与表征

用最简单的缩聚反应制备了一系列新的两亲性高度枝化聚酯纳米微粒（ＨＢＰＮ），用激光光散射技术对其在二甲基甲酰胺（ＤＭＦ）和缓冲溶液（ｐＨ＝１２）中的溶液性质进行了研究。结果表明。ＨＢＰＮ粒径大小原则上可以由聚合时间来控制；在ＤＭＦ中呈单分子分散，不溶于水，溶于碱性溶液，表面带负电荷；在ｐＨ＝１２的缓冲液中稳定，但会有极少量的缔合。     

超声分散法制备Sn-Cd纳米微粒

用超声分散法制备了Sn-Cd纳米微粒,用XRD和TG/DTA研究了样品的晶型与结构,用TEM观察了样品的形貌,考察了超声功率对纳米颗粒粒径的影响,并在四球机上研究了样品的摩擦学性能.     

纳米四氧化三铁(Fe3O4)的制备和形貌

纳米Fe₃O₄因其特殊的理化性质和在生物医学领域潜在的应用价值而得到广泛研究。本文综述了纳米Fe3O4的制备方法，包括直流电弧等离子体法、热分解方法、沉淀法、水热法、电化学法、微乳液法、溶胶-凝胶法、有机物模板法、回流法等，结合作者在Fe3O4纳米粒子制备方面的最新工作，介绍了Fe3O4纳米粒子的新颖形貌。对纳米级Fe3O4制备研究的发展趋势进行了展望。     

电极用纳米Ag~2O的电化学性能研究1: 纳米Ag~2O 的制备及表征

用化学方法首次成功地制备出了用于电极活性材料的纳米Ag~2O微粒,并通过TEM,XRD和XPS等测试技术进行了分析表征。同时,对每种方法纳米Ag~2O的生成机理进行了初步的探讨,表明这些方法具有一定的普适意义。     

A biologically friendly approach for silver nanoparticle formation and their in situ attachment to lecithin vesicles

There has been a keen interest for developing a biologically friendly approach for the preparation of silver nanoparticles for their application reasons. A biocompatible, single step method is established for the preparation of silver nanoparticles in lecithin (Egg phosphatidylcholine)/water systems where lecithin itself acts as a reductant for silver nitrate to form the silver nanoparticles. In another attempt, silver nanoparticles were successfully synthesized inside the lecithin vesicles and were found attached to the bilayers of lecithin vesicles. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report where a biological surfactant has acted as a mild reducing agent for silver nitrate by itself to form silver nanoparticles.     

金纳米颗粒制备及应用研究进展

金纳米颗粒是近年研究的一种热门材料。介绍了金纳米颗粒主要的制备方法,包括化学还原法,两相法,晶种生长法以及模板法,并总结了金纳米粒子在生物医学、传感器、催化剂、电化学等领域的应用进展。     

基于点击化学和活性自由基聚合方法制备双重响应金纳米粒子

采用点击化学和可逆加成断裂链转移活性自由基聚合方法制备了温度和pH双重响应的金纳米粒子. 通过红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)及热重分析(TGA)等方法对双重响应性金纳米粒子进行了表征. 该金纳米杂化粒子具有良好的分散性, 其表面接枝聚合物的密度约为0.6 Chain/nm2. 通过改变温度和pH条件, 考察了金纳米杂化粒子的可逆响应行为. 实验结果表明, 点击化学和可逆加成断裂链转移活性自由基聚合方法实现了金纳米粒子修饰的简单化、可控化以及功能化.     

General approach for the synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles mediated by supercritical CO2

We report in this paper novel chemistry that addresses the problem of surfactant solubility in supercritical CO2 for metal nanoparticle synthesis. This new approach for the preparation of organic-functionalized inorganic nanoparticles relies on the reduction of a metal precursor in a CO2-containing insoluble polymer. Reduction of the metal with H2 leads to small nanocrystals stabilized by the polymer with a relatively small polydispersity. The functionalized metal nanoparticles are recovered as a dry powder, free of any organic solvents, which can then be resuspended in an appropriate solvent. This approach limits the number of steps for the preparation of functional nanoparticles which are ready for use. To illustrate this, we report results of the preparation of palladium and silver nanoparticles of 3-5 nm size stabilized with hyperbranched polyamines, functionalized with perfluoroalkyl, perfluorooligoether, non-fluorinated alkyl, polysiloxane, or polyethylene glycol moieties.     

两种制备铂纳米颗粒方法的比较

用乙醇回流及NaBH4还原两种方法制备了Pt纳米颗粒,用UV Vis光谱、TEM对铂纳米颗粒进行了表征,比较了两种合成方法的特点.     

Interactions of zeatin with gold ions and biomimetic formation of gold complexes and nanoparticles

We report here a simple one-pot synthesis for the preparation of gold nanoparticles biomimetically using zeatin nanostructures. Zeatin, a plant phytohormone was self-assembled into nanospheres. Those nanospheres transformed into nanoribbons over a period of time upon formation of zeatin–gold (III) complexes in the presence of hydrogen tetrachloroaurate. Further, upon heating, gold nanoparticles were formed due to mineralization in the presence of zeatin nanofibers. The effect of pH on the self-assembly of zeatin and the formation of gold nanoparticles, was investigated. We also compared the preparation of gold nanoparticles in the presence of zeatin nanoribbons, using a known reducing agent such as hydrazine, which resulted in loss of morphology control and alignment of the gold nanoparticles. Thus zeatin nanoribbons act as templates which allow for size as well as alignment control for the gold nanoparticles. The materials obtained were analyzed using FTIR, absorbance spectroscopy as well as by transmission electron microscopy, EDX, SEM and AFM. The method involved here is a mild, green-synthetic process, which could be used for facile preparation of morphology controlled gold nanoparticles and may open up new avenues for device fabrications for a wide range of applications, particularly in optoelectronics and sensors.     

Laser-induced Synthesis of Ultrafine Gold Nanoparticles in Covalent Organic Frameworks

Metal nanoparticles in porous supports are of great importance for catalysis, separation and sensing, but their controllable preparation is still largely unmet. Herein, we describe a simple laser-induced synthesis of ultrafine gold nanoparticles in the covalent organic framework. Gold nanoparticles are well embedded, and they are about (1±0.1) nm in size. This work is universal for the preparation of well-dispersed and ultrafine metal nanoparticles in porous supports.     

溶剂对反胶束法合成CdS纳米粒子粒径的影响

以磺基琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐(AOT)为保护剂,利用反胶束法在不同烷烃溶液中合成了CdS纳米粒子.采用紫外-可见光谱、透射电子显微镜、荧光光谱法对其进行表征.研究表明:在不同烷烃溶液中合成的CdS纳米粒子,其粒子大小和荧光强度都随溶剂而改变.