椭圆接触弹性流体动力润滑的供油条件分析

通过数值求解研究了椭圆接触弹流润滑的供油条件,分析了供油油膜厚度对乏油润滑中心膜厚和最小膜厚的影响,以及中心膜厚和最小膜厚与润滑油膜压力区形成位置的关系.结果表明:当供油油膜厚度较小时,中心膜厚和最小膜厚很小,压力区形成位置距Hertz接触区很近,处于严重乏油状态;当供油油膜的厚度达到一定数值时,中心膜厚和最小膜厚基本不变,多余的润滑油几乎不能进入接触间隙,即达到准充分供油状态;当供油油膜厚度继续增加时,乏油区最终消失,达到充分供油或过量供油状态.     

特殊供油条件下点接触弹流润滑乏油分析

从实验中观测到的特殊乏油现象出发,提出1种特殊供油条件函数,求出点接触弹性流体动力润滑的完全数值解,定性模拟实验中的特殊乏油现象,并分析供油条件函数中的参数与中心膜厚和最小膜厚的关系.结果表明:供油油膜的两突起导致相应的压力、部分油膜比例和润滑油膜分布中也出现两突起;供油油膜的两突起能够扩大压力区和充分供油区域,能够局部改善润滑效果,但是对中心膜厚和最小膜厚影响很小;供油油量主要影响润滑状态,而供油油膜的形状在不同程度上也会影响润滑状态.     

供油温度对润滑状态影响的试验观察与数值模拟

采用球-盘点接触光干涉润滑油膜测量装置,观察了不同供油温度下的接触区润滑状态.结果表明,随着供油温度的升高,润滑油黏度降低,润滑油成膜能力整体下降,接触区润滑状态在较大速度范围内处于边界润滑和混合润滑区间;温度升高还将导致膜厚曲线斜率增大,壁面温差是其诱因,通过数值模拟证实了壁面温差的影响;速度增加使接触区润滑状态向等黏度-刚性区间转化;温度和载荷使接触区润滑状态趋向于压黏-弹性区间.系统散热也会对油膜厚度产生影响.     

供油量对点接触表面微织构润滑性能的影响

采用球盘接触模型,以入口油层厚度为输入变量,基于统一Reynolds方程法建立润滑分析模型,研究了供油量对点接触表面微织构润滑性能的影响.数值计算结果显示:供油量显著影响接触区油膜厚度;微织构能改善摩擦副的润滑摩擦性能;严重乏油时接触区内微坑会产生气穴现象;瞬态下,微织构在乏油时较充分供油时改善润滑的效果明显.     

滑滚条件下定量润滑状态与润滑剂回填效应试验观察

采用球-盘点接触光干涉油膜与摩擦力测量装置观察了滑滚条件下接触区润滑状态与润滑剂回填效应. 结果显示,在定量供油和恒定滑滚比下,不同供油量使接触区呈现出从边界润滑状态向弹流润滑状态的不同转化趋势,非接触回填机制是其诱因;在恒定卷吸速度下,随着滑滚比从负值向正值变化,入口距离减小、乏油宽度增加,接触区两表面润滑剂回填时间的差别是其主要原因;完全乏油条件下,接触回填机制对局部润滑油膜建立发挥明显作用.      

条状润湿表面对面接触限量润滑油膜的影响研究

利用面接触油膜润滑测量系统,研究了条状润湿表面对有限量供油条件下入口区供油分布及润滑油膜厚度的影响. 对玻璃盘润滑轨道两侧进行疏油化处理,形成中央条状润湿区域,在有限量供油条件下测量不同速度下的油膜厚度. 结果表明在表面力驱动下,润滑油向中央条状亲油区域集中,改善了入口区供油,促进了限量供油条件下的油膜形成. 相对油膜厚度随速度的增加呈“S”型变化,同时研究了润滑油黏度及供油量等工作参数对条状润湿轨道作用的影响.      

油气条件下供油时间对弹流润滑性能的影响分析

采用油气发生器,通过润滑剂厚度测量试验,建立了表面油层随供油时间变化关系.基于点接触乏油润滑模型和滚道表面油膜衰减模型研究了不同速度、载荷和表面粗糙度条件下自由表面油层厚度对润滑性能的影响.结果表明油气润滑条件下建立充分供油条件所需时间基本不随工况条件而变化,存在最佳供油时间和供油间隔.     

固体表面FAS膜转移对面接触油膜润滑影响的试验研究

利用滑块-盘面接触润滑油膜测量系统,在限量供油条件下,研究了滑块表面涂镀的疏油FAS(C₁₃H₁₃F₁₇O₃Si)膜对油膜润滑的影响. 结果表明:部分FAS膜可以透过油膜自发地转移到玻璃盘上;由于FAS转移膜的反润湿作用,玻璃盘面上接触区出口的润滑油膜回流增强;润滑油在玻璃盘润滑轨道上由原来的双侧脊分布转变为离散液滴分布,并向润滑轨道中心区域聚集,增强了入口区供油,油膜厚度增加.      

低速下润滑接触区补充供油机制的研究

在滚动轴承运行的过程中,滚道上的润滑剂在滚动体的反复碾压下,厚度不断减小,轴承最终进入乏油润滑状态.为了解释长期工作在乏油条件下的轴承依旧能够保持较长时间的良好工作状态,有必要研究在轴承中是否存在某种自发的补充供油机制.本文作者基于球盘接触模型,分别考虑毛细力和分离压力在润滑油迁移过程中的作用,建立赫兹接触区附近油层分布模型,并以此修正弹流计算中的入口供油条件,采用统一Reynolds方程法计算在静止或低速条件下的润滑油膜厚度和压力分布,研究毛细力和分离压力的补充供油机制对润滑条件的改善作用.     

考虑滚道表面油层分布的滚动轴承润滑分析

研究表明供油量对弹流润滑性能产生显著影响.滚动轴承中由于离心力和滚动体的反复滚压,滚道表面上的润滑剂呈现出非均匀分布的特点.大多数润滑剂被推挤到滚道的两侧,致使接触区的入口间隙不能被完全充满,导致乏油润滑,滚动体与滚道间接触压力接近于赫兹压力分布,膜厚较全膜润滑有明显的减小.本文基于润滑剂的流量连续建立滚道表面油层厚度分布模型,考虑润滑接触压力的影响,计算滚道上的侧流量以预测轴承滚道上补给油层厚度及形状随时间的变化规律;进而以此作为滚动体和滚道接触区的入口油层厚度,采用统一Reynolds方程法数值模拟计算每个时刻轴承滚道与滚动体之间的润滑油膜厚度,压力分布等参数,分析轴承在点接触乏油条件下运行的润滑性能.     

The 7th International Conference on Fluid Mechanics May 24-27,2015,Qingdao,China

正http://www.icfm7.org First Announcement and Call for PapersThe objective of International Conference on Fluid Mechanics(ICFM)is to provide a forum for researchers to exchange new ideas and recent advances in the fields of theoretical,experimental,computational Fluid Mechanics as well as interdisciplinary subjects.It was successfully convened by the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics(CSTAM)in Beijing(1987,     

INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Contributions： The Journal, Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, is pleased to receive papers from engineers and scientists working in various aspects of solid mechanics. All contributions are subject to critical review prior to acceptance and publication.     

Preface

This special issue of PARTICUOLOGY is devoted to the first UK-China Particle Technology Forum taking place in Leeds, UK, on 1-3 April 2007. The forum was initiated by a number of UK and Chinese leading academics and organised by the University of Leeds in collaboration with Chinese Society of Particuology, Particle Technology Subject Group （PTSG） of the Institution of Chemical Engineers （IChemE）, Particle Characterisation Interest Group （PCIG） of the Royal Society of Chemistry （RSC） and International Fine Particle Research Institute （IFPRI）. The forum was supported financially by the Engineering and Physics Sciences Research Council （EPSRC） of United Kingdom,     

基于鲁棒滤波的捷联导引头视线角速度估计方法

针对捷联导引头无法直接获取视线角速度等信息的问题,研究了鲁棒滤波在大气层外飞行器捷联导引头视线角速度估计中的应用。为了建立非线性滤波估计模型,考虑目标视线角速度的慢变特性,采用一阶马尔科夫模型建立了状态方程;推导了视线角速度的解耦模型,并建立了量测方程;考虑到实际应用中存在系统噪声统计特性失准的问题,基于Huber-Based鲁棒滤波方法,设计了视线角速度滤波器,并完成了基于Huber-Based滤波方法和扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的数学仿真。仿真结果表明Huber-Based滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度分别达到0.1140'、0.1423'/s、0.0203'/s2,而扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度仅分别为0.6577'、0.6415'/s、0.0979'/s~2。仿真结果证明了该方法可以有效地估计出相对视线角速度等信息,并且在非高斯噪声的条件下,依然可获得较高的估计精度,具有一定的鲁棒性。     

Guide for authors

正Each of the sections below provides essential information for authors.We recommend that you take the time to read them before submitting a contribution to Acta Mechanica Sinica.We hope our guide to authors may help you navigate to the appropriate section.How to prepare a submission This document provides an outline of the editorial process involved in publishing a scientific paper in Acta Mechanica     

Use specification of multiscale materials for life spanned over macro-, micro-, nano-, and pico-scale

Multiscale material intends to enhance the strength and life of mechanical systems by matching the transmitted spatiotemporal energy distribution to the constituents at the different scale, say—macro, micro, nano, and pico,—, depending on the needs. Lower scale entities are, particularly, critical to small size systems. Large structures are less sensitive to microscopic effects. Scale shifting laws will be developed for relating test data from nano-, micro-, and macro-specimens. The benefit of reinforcement at the lower scale constituents needs to be justified at the macroscopic scale. Filling the void and space in regions of high energy density is considered.Material inhomogeneity interacts with specimen size. Their combined effect is non-equilibrium. Energy exchange between the environment and specimen becomes increasingly more significant as the specimen size is reduced. Perturbation of the operational conditions can further aggravate the situation. Scale transitional functions and/or f_j/j+1 are introduced to quantify these characteristics. They are represented, respectively, by , and (f_mi/ma,f_na/mi,f_pi/na). The abbreviations pi, na, mi, and ma refer to pico, nano, micro and macro.Local damage is assumed to initiate at a small scale, grows to a larger scale, and terminate at an even larger scale. The mechanism of energy absorption and dissipation will be introduced to develop a consistent book keeping system. Compaction of mass density for constituents of size 10⁻¹², 10⁻⁹, 10⁻⁶, 10⁻³ m, will be considered. Energy dissipation at all scales must be accounted for. Dissipations at the smaller scale must not only be included but they must abide by the same physical and mathematical interpretation, in order to avoid inconsistencies when making connections with those at the larger scale where dissipations are eminent.Three fundamental Problems I, II, and III are stated. They correspond to the commonly used service conditions. Reference is made to a Representative Tip (RT), the location where energy absorption and dissipation takes place. The RT can be a crack tip or a particle. At the larger size scales, RT can refer to a region. Scale shifting of results from the very small to the very large is needed to identify the benefit of using multiscale materials.