李群表示论和Schubert条件

本文将Grassmann流形上的Schubert子簇所满足的经典的Schubert条件推广到一般的复半单李群G的广义旗流形.利用复半单李群的表示理论,我们首先在李群的权空间上引入自然的Ehresman偏序.这一偏序可以导出李群的最高权表示的权系、Weyl群及其陪集空间上的Ehresman偏序.然后我们对一般的复表示定义了相应的射影空间,Grassmann流形和旗流形.这使得能够像经典的情形一样来分析广义旗流形的Schubert子簇满足的Schubert条件.在讨论中,我们还给出了李群G的Weyl群及其陪集空间中的Bruhat-Chevalley偏序的简单判别条件.我们的结果应用到例外群,给出了Fulton提出的关于例外群的Schubert分析的问题的部分回答.     

Bott's vanishing theorem for regular Lie algebroids

Differential geometry has discovered many objects which determine Lie algebroids playing a role analogous to that of Lie algebras for Lie groups. For example:

--- differential groupoids,

--- principal bundles,

--- vector bundles,

--- actions of Lie groups on manifolds,

--- transversally complete foliations,

--- nonclosed Lie subgroups,

--- Poisson manifolds,

--- some complete closed pseudogroups.

We carry over the idea of Bott's Vanishing Theorem to regular Lie algebroids (using the Chern-Weil homomorphism of transitive Lie algebroids investigated by the author) and, next, apply it to new situations which are not described by the classical version, for example, to the theory of transversally complete foliations and nonclosed Lie subgroups in order to obtain some topological obstructions for the existence of involutive distributions and Lie subalgebras of some types (respectively).

     

算子李代数的一些性质

算子群作为群的推广,算子群在群论里有许多应用.类似地,作为算子群和李代数的推广,算子李代数将会有许多应用.给出了算子李代数的一些性质,得到了算子李代数半单性的充分必要条件.同时得到算子李代数半单性与非退化killing型的关系.     

流形上微分方程的算法

流形上微分方程的数值方法,是近十多年发展起来的、当前热门的数值方法．特别是所谓的的李群方法是在动力学问题的需求下诞生的,它能在弯曲的空间中进行离散化,根本不会出现‘违约问题’．人们将它应用到动力学方程模型等,取得了不少成果,应用前景看好．它的出现可以说是20世纪数值数学领域的新成就．本文主要介绍这一新的理论,并提出了许多急待解决的新的课题．     

具有殆仿切触结构流形的新例子

本文证明了(2n+1)维连通实Lie群具有殆仿切触结构,并给出它们是可积的充要条件,从而给出这类流形一批新的例子。它们与过去已知的这类流形大都是满足某些条件的仿复流形上的主圆丛不同。     

Backward Error Analysis for Lie-Group Methods

Backward error analysis has proven to be very useful in stability analysis of numerical methods for ordinary differential equations. However the analysis has so far been undertaken in the Euclidean space or closed subsets thereof. In this paper we study differential equations on manifolds. We prove a backward error analysis result for intrinsic numerical methods. Especially we are interested in Lie-group methods. If the Lie algebra is nilpotent a global stability analysis can be done in the Lie algebra. In the general case we must work on the nonlinear Lie group. In order to show that there is a perturbed differential equation on the Lie group with a solution that is exponentially close to the numerical integrator after several steps, we prove a generalised version of Alekseev-Gr: obner's theorem. A major motivation for this result is that it implies many stability properties of Lie-group methods.     

紧致对称空间的热核、特征值和特征函数

本文利用群表示论研究李群以及紧致对称空间的热核，特征值与特征函数．特别讨论了复格拉斯曼流形以及流形Sp（n）／U（n）上特征值及特征函数。     

A-扩张Lie Rinehart代数

The purpose of this paper is to give a brief introduction to the category of Lie Rinehart algebras and introduces the concept of smooth manifolds associated with a unitary, commutative,associative algebra A.It especially shows that the A-extended algebra as well as the action algebra can be realized as the space of A-left invariant vector fields on a Lie group,analogous to the well known relationship of Lie algebras and Lie groups.     

Towards a Lie theory of locally convex groups

In this survey, we report on the state of the art of some of the fundamental problems in the Lie theory of Lie groups modeled on locally convex spaces, such as integrability of Lie algebras, integrability of Lie subalgebras to Lie subgroups, and integrability of Lie algebra extensions to Lie group extensions. We further describe how regularity or local exponentiality of a Lie group can be used to obtain quite satisfactory answers to some of the fundamental problems. These results are illustrated by specialization to some specific classes of Lie groups, such as direct limit groups, linear Lie groups, groups of smooth maps and groups of diffeomorphisms.     

On cobordism of manifolds with corners

This work sets up a cobordism theory for manifolds with corners and gives an identification with the homotopy of a certain limit of Thom spectra. It thereby creates a geometrical interpretation of Adams-Novikov resolutions and lays the foundation for investigating the chromatic status of the elements so realized. As an application, Lie groups together with their left invariant framings are calculated by regarding them as corners of manifolds with interesting Chern numbers. The work also shows how elliptic cohomology can provide useful invariants for manifolds of codimension 2.

     

Burgers-Korteweg-de Vries equation and its traveling solitary waves

The Burgers-Korteweg-de Vries equation has wide applications in physics, engineering and fluid mechanics. The Poincare phase plane analysis reveals that the Burgers-Korteweg-de Vries equation has neither nontrivial bell-profile traveling solitary waves, nor periodic waves. In the present paper, we show two approaches for the study of traveling solitary waves of the Burgers-Korteweg-de Vries equation: one is a direct method which involves a few coordinate transformations, and the other is the Lie group method. Our study indicates that the Burgers-Korteweg-de Vries equation indirectly admits one-parameter Lie groups of transformations with certain parametric conditions and a traveling solitary wave solution with an arbitrary velocity is obtained accordingly. Some incorrect statements in the recent literature are clarified.     

Banach–Lie groupoids and generalized inversion

We study a few basic properties of Banach–Lie groupoids and algebroids, adapting some classical results on finite dimensional Lie groupoids. As an illustration of the general theory, we show that the notion of locally transitive Banach–Lie groupoid sheds fresh light on earlier research on some infinite-dimensional manifolds associated with Banach algebras.     

A theory of extended lie transformation groups

Summary The theory of Lie transformation groups is extended to a theory of extended Lie transformation groups by extending the group parameters to functions of coordinates in the base manifolds. The result is global both in the group manifolds (the O. Schreier's fundamental theorems being not taken into account) as well as in the base differentiable manifolds owing to the introduction of the author'sII-geodesic parallel coordinates. The Lie's fundamental theorems are extremely simplified.     

Poisson manifolds with compatible pseudo-metric and pseudo-Riemannian Lie algebras

In a previous paper (C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. I 333 (2001) 763–768), the author introduced a notion of compatibility between a Poisson structure and a pseudo-Riemannian metric. In this paper, we introduce a new class of Lie algebras called pseudo-Riemannian Lie algebras. The two notions are closely related: we prove that the dual of a Lie algebra endowed with its canonical linear Poisson structure carries a compatible pseudo-Riemannian metric if and only if the Lie algebra is a pseudo-Riemannian Lie algebra. Moreover, the Lie algebra obtained by linearizing at a point a Poisson manifold with a compatible pseudo-Riemannian metric is a pseudo-Riemannian Lie algebra. We also give some properties of the symplectic leaves of such manifolds, and we prove that every Poisson manifold with a compatible Riemannian metric is unimodular. Finally, we study Poisson Lie groups endowed with a compatible pseudo-Riemannian metric, and we give the classification of all pseudo-Riemannian Lie algebras of dimension 2 and 3.     

Local midpoints on smooth manifolds

In this paper we consider three methods for obtaining midpoints, primarily midpoints of geodesics of sprays, but also midpoints of symmetry (in symmetric spaces), and metric midpoints (in Riemannian manifolds). We derive general conditions under which these approaches yield the same result. We also derive a version of the Lie–Trotter formula based on the midpoint operation and use it to show that continuous maps preserving (local) midpoints are smooth.     

Integration methods based on canonical coordinates of the second kind

Summary.   We present a new class of integration methods for differential equations on manifolds, in the framework of Lie group actions. Canonical coordinates of the second kind is used for representing the Lie group locally by means of its corresponding Lie algebra. The coordinate map itself can, in many cases, be computed inexpensively, but the approach also involves the inversion of its differential, a task that can be challenging. To succeed, it is necessary to consider carefully how to choose a basis for the Lie algebra, and the ordering of the basis is important as well. For semisimple Lie algebras, one may take advantage of the root space decomposition to provide a basis with desirable properties. The problem of ordering leads us to introduce the concept of an admissible ordered basis (AOB). The existence of an AOB is established for some of the most important Lie algebras. The computational cost analysis shows that the approach may lead to more efficient solvers for ODEs on manifolds than those based on canonical coordinates of the first kind presented by Munthe-Kaas. Numerical experiments verify the derived properties of the new methods. Received April 2, 1999 / Revised version received January 18, 2000 / Published online August 2, 2000     

Classification of Lie algebras of specific type in complexified Clifford algebras

We give a full classification of Lie algebras of specific type in complexified Clifford algebras. These 16 Lie algebras are direct sums of subspaces of quaternion types. We obtain isomorphisms between these Lie algebras and classical matrix Lie algebras in the cases of arbitrary dimension and signature. We present 16 Lie groups: one Lie group for each Lie algebra associated with this Lie group. We study connection between these groups and spin groups.     

Towers of derivation for Lie rings and some results on complete Lie rings

The well-known tower theorem of groups (resp. Lie algebras) shows that the tower of automorphism groups (resp. derivation algebras) of a finite group (resp. a finite dimensional Lie algebra) with trivial center terminates after finitely many steps. We generalize these results for Lie rings, and present some necessary and sufficient conditions for Lie rings to be complete.