Maintenance of chaos in a computational model of a thermal pulse combustor

The dynamics of a thermal pulse combustor model are examined. It is found that, as a parameter related to the fuel flow rate is varied, the combustor will undergo a transition from periodic pulsing to chaotic pulsing to a chaotic transient leading to flameout. Results from the numerical model are compared to those obtained from a laboratory-scale thermal pulse combustor. Finally the technique of maintenance (or anticontrol) of chaos is successfully applied to the model, with the result that the operation of the combustor can be continued well into the flameout regime. (c) 1997 American Institute of Physics.     

Dynamic properties of combustion instability in a lean premixed gas-turbine combustor

We experimentally investigate the dynamic behavior of the combustion instability in a lean premixed gas-turbine combustor from the viewpoint of nonlinear dynamics. A nonlinear time series analysis in combination with a surrogate data method clearly reveals that as the equivalence ratio increases, the dynamic behavior of the combustion instability undergoes a significant transition from stochastic fluctuation to periodic oscillation through low-dimensional chaotic oscillation. We also show that a nonlinear forecasting method is useful for predicting the short-term dynamic behavior of the combustion instability in a lean premixed gas-turbine combustor, which has not been addressed in the fields of combustion science and physics.     

Three types of chaos in the forced nonlinear Schrödinger equation

Three different types of chaotic behavior and instabilities (homoclinic chaos, hyperbolic resonance, and parabolic resonance) in Hamiltonian perturbations of the nonlinear Schr?dinger (NLS) equation are described. The analysis is performed on a truncated model using a novel framework in which a hierarchy of bifurcations is constructed. It is demonstrated numerically that the forced NLS equation exhibits analogous types of chaotic phenomena. Thus, by adjusting the forcing frequency, the behavior near the plane wave solution may be set to any one of the three different types of chaos for any periodic box length.     

基于一阶广义忆阻器的文氏桥混沌振荡器研究

通过在文氏桥振荡器中引入广义忆阻器和LC吸收网络,提出了一种忆阻文氏桥混沌振荡器.建立了忆阻文氏桥混沌振荡器的动力学模型,研究了它的平衡点和稳定性,进一步开展了电路元件参数变化时的动力学行为分析.研究发现,忆阻文氏桥混沌振荡器有3个确定的平衡点,其稳定性取决于电路元件参数,当参数发生变化时,存在周期振荡、混沌振荡、快慢效应等复杂的非线性现象.实验电路简单易制作,实验波形和数值仿真一致,较好地验证了理论分析结果.     

一种双光子量子光学模型的混沌行为

研究了一种二能级原子与辐射场的双光子相互作用模型的混沌行为。结果表明,该模型在不加扰动项或调制项时,即存在着混沌演化行为。以正的李亚普诺夫指数和功率谱的宽峰以及强噪声背景为标志,对混沌行为的特性作了讨论,并证明了在旋转波近似下所得到的双光子Jaynes-Cummings模型并不存在混沌演化行为。 关键词：     

Chaos in the long-term behavior of some Bianchi-type VIII models

The long-term behavior of Bianchi-type VIII models with three different types of stress-energy tensors are examined and compared. The vacuum model, a matter-filled model, and a model with an electromagnetic field are considered. In each case the existence of chaotic behavior and transitions to chaotic behavior are discussed.     

Simulation of a full-scale pressurized fluidized bed combustor by using semi-empirical pilot plant correlations

A model, based on semi-empirical correlations, was developed to simulate the behavior of a pressurized fluidized bed combustor (PFBC) under various operating conditions. This paper presents the results of a comprehensive survey of one-dimensional empirical correlations applicable to a PFBC and which were used to assemble a 1-D predictive model of the complete performance of a pressurized fluidized bed combustor. The model was adjusted in order to reproduce process and in-bed data taken at Escatrón PFBC power station (Spain) under a wide range of operating conditions. The novelty of this approach lies in the use of full-scale information to validate empirical correlations, the objective being to draw specific conclusions on the reliability of empirical PFBC modeling. The model was validated using experimental power plant data. Good agreement was found between the computed results and actual plant data of bed temperature profiles, bed density, char and sorbent elutriation, fuel feed rate, in-bed and entrainment particle size distributions, oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations, heat transfer coefficients along the combustor height and heat transfer to the tube bundles under different operational regimes. This paper describes the model, as well as its results, validation and prospects for future work.     

Implementation of an integrated op-amp based chaotic neuron model and observation of its chaotic dynamics

This paper presents a fully integrated circuit implementation of an operational amplifier (op-amp) based chaotic neuron model with a bipolar output function, experimental measurements, and analyses of its chaotic behavior. The proposed chaotic neuron model integrated circuit consists of several op-amps, sample and hold circuits, a nonlinear function block for chaotic signal generation, a clock generator, a nonlinear output function, etc. Based on the HSPICE (circuit program) simulation results, approximated empirical equations for analyses were formulated. Then, the chaotic dynamical responses such as bifurcation diagrams, time series, and Lyapunov exponent were calculated using these empirical equations. In addition, we performed simulations about two chaotic neuron systems with four synapses to confirm neural network connections and got normal behavior of the chaotic neuron such as internal state bifurcation diagram according to the synaptic weight variation. The proposed circuit was fabricated using a 0.8-μm single poly complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology. Measurements of the fabricated single chaotic neuron with ± 2.5 V power supplies and a 10 kHz sampling clock frequency were carried out and compared with the simulated results.     

机械弹性储能机组储能过程非线性动力学模型与混沌特性

提出了一种新的基于机械弹性的储能方法, 推导了永磁电机式机械弹性储能机组的非线性动力学模型, 论证了机组储能过程中某些参数及运行条件下会出现混沌运动, 分析了机组非线性动力学模型的线性稳定性. 在此基础上, 基于本实验室正在研发的0.16 kWh/0.8 kW机械弹性储能机组运行参数, 将机组3维非线性模型降阶为带时变参数的2维投影子系统, 采用坐标平面投影法研究了机组的混沌特性, 分析了降维子系统平衡点位置及特征方程随时变参数的变化关系, 并对机组混沌运动进行了数值验证, 在一定程度上解决了解析方法, 适用性较差导致对多维机电耦联系统只能仿真求解难以理论分析的问题.     

Direct numerical simulations and analysis of three-dimensional n-heptane spray flames in a model swirl combustor

Three-dimensional n-heptane spray flames in a swirl combustor are investigated by means of direct numerical simulation (DNS) to provide insight into realistic spray evaporation and combustion as well as relevant modeling issues. The variable-density, low-Mach number Navier–Stokes equations are solved using a fully conservative and kinetic energy conserving finite difference scheme in cylindrical coordinates. Dispersed droplets are tracked in a Lagrangian framework. Droplet evaporation is described by an equilibrium model. Gas combustion is represented using an adaptive one-step irreversible reaction. Two different cases are studied: a lean case that resembles a lean direct injection combustion, and a rich case that represents the primary combustion region of a rich-burn/quick-quench/lean-burn combustor. The results suggest that premixed combustion contribute more than 70% to the total heat release rate, although diffusion flame have volumetrically a higher contribution. The conditional mean scalar dissipation rate is shown to be strongly influenced, especially in the rich case. The conditional mean evaporation rate increases almost linearly with mixture fraction in the lean case, but shows a more complex behavior in the rich case. The probability density functions (PDF) of mixture fraction in spray combustion are shown to be quite complex. To model this behavior, the formulation of the PDF in a transformed mixture fraction space is proposed and demonstrated to predict the DNS data reasonably well.     

一种忆感器模型及其振荡器的动力学特性研究

忆感器是在忆阻器基础上定义的一种新型记忆电路元件. 在实际忆感器尚未实现的情况下, 为探索忆感器及其在非线性电路中的特性, 提出了一种忆感器数学模型和电路模型. 基于该模型设计了一个非线性振荡电路, 采用理论分析、仿真分析和实验验证的方法研究了忆感器模型的特性及其在电路中的动力学规律. 分岔分析表明, 在适当的参数下忆感器会使电路产生周期和混沌振荡. 设计了实现忆感器模型及其振荡器的模拟电路, 实验验证了忆感器模型和振荡器的特性, 实验结果与理论分析完全一致.     

Effects of fuel properties on self-ignition and flame-holding performances in SCRAM jet combustor for n-alkane fuels

Combustion characteristics of liquid hydrocarbon fuels are studied in a model combustor of SCRAM jet engines. The Mach number and total pressure of main flow in the combustor are 2.0 and 0.38 MPa, respectively, and the total temperature is varied from 1800 to 2400 K. Five kinds of n-alkane fuels such as n-heptane, n-octane, n-decane, n-tridecane and n-hexadecane are employed in experiments. Fuels are injected with a carrier nitrogen gas perpendicular to the mail flow in the combustor and the self-ignition behavior is investigated. The results show that the liquid fuels with lower carbon number have better self-ignition performance. This suggests that physical properties of liquid fuels such as volatility have a dominant effect on the self-ignition. The flame-holding behavior is investigated with the addition of pilot hydrogen to carrier nitrogen gas. The critical equivalence ratio at which the stable combustion keeps after cut-off of the pilot hydrogen is obtained. The relationship between the critical equivalence ratio and carbon number of fuel shows that fuels with the carbon numbers from 8 to 10 have the best flame-holding performance among the tested fuels. These experimental results can be expressed qualitatively by the simplified analysis with the concept of physical and chemical induction times.     

Chaotic dynamics of semiconductor microring lasers

The complexity and dynamics of chaotic attractors generated in an InGaAsP-InP microring laser are calculated and evaluated by using a multimode rate equation model. Chaos originates from the continuous mutual injections from each mode to the other because of the bus waveguide's residual reflectivity at high values of the injection current. The data analysis of the filtered output power reveals high-dimensional chaos, and phase-dependent behavior is demonstrated.     

Contribution from Moldcular Field to the Temperature Dependence of Tunneling Magnetoresistance

This paper presents a method that restrains a systematical behavior by a synchronistical measure and forces it to repeat a section of chaotic trajectory periodically, so that the high periodic chaotic signal can be obtained. The obtained signal not only keeps the typical features of the chaotic signal but also has the advantages of a periodic signal. The results of the simulation calculation, the experimental circuit and the experimental results about realizing the method on the basis of. Lorenz mode are given. The advantages of this method for applications in secret communication or covering information are discussed.     

高周期混沌轨道的构造方法和应用

提出一种以同步手段约束系统行为,迫使系统周期性地重复某一段混沌轨道的方法,以此获得高周期混沌信号,并使获得的信号既保留混沌信号的典型特征,又具有周期信号的优点.给出了在Lorenz模型基础上实现这一方法的模拟计算结果、实验电路和实验结果.讨论了这种方法在保密通讯或信息掩蔽等方面应用的优越性. 关键词：     

Ultra-high-frequency chaos in a time-delay electronic device with band-limited feedback

We report an experimental study of ultra-high-frequency chaotic dynamics generated in a delay-dynamical electronic device. It consists of a transistor-based nonlinearity, commercially-available amplifiers, and a transmission-line for feedback. The feedback is band-limited, allowing tuning of the characteristic time-scales of both the periodic and high-dimensional chaotic oscillations that can be generated with the device. As an example, periodic oscillations ranging from 48 to 913 MHz are demonstrated. We develop a model and use it to compare the experimentally observed Hopf bifurcation of the steady-state to existing theory [Illing and Gauthier, Physica D 210, 180 (2005)]. We find good quantitative agreement of the predicted and the measured bifurcation threshold, bifurcation type and oscillation frequency. Numerical integration of the model yields quasiperiodic and high dimensional chaotic solutions (Lyapunov dimension approximately 13), which match qualitatively the observed device dynamics.     

负微分电导下晶闸管的动力学行为与混沌现象

研究了晶闸管处于负微分电导状态下的非线性动力学行为,推导了晶闸管动力学系统不稳定需满足的边界条件,解释了晶闸管混沌现象产生机理.建立了晶闸管的非线性动力学方程,分析了该动力学方程的线性稳定性.在此基础上根据Jacobi矩阵得到了系统不稳定需满足的边界条件,指出晶闸管的混沌行为并非只由负微分电导特性引起,还与外界条件和器件本身物理参数等因素有关.最后,通过数值仿真和实验研究证实了理论分析的正确性,从而完整地解释了晶闸管的倍周期分岔和混沌行为.     

Generalized synchronization in the action of a chaotic signal on a periodic system

Generalized synchronization is observed during the action of a chaotic signal on generators of periodic oscillations. The features in the behavior of the synchronous regime threshold upon a change in the chaotic signal parameters are investigated. The possibility of using such devices for concealed information transfer is demonstrated.     

Limit cycles in quantum theories

Renormalization group limit cycles and more chaotic behavior may be commonplace for quantum Hamiltonians requiring renormalization, in contrast to experience based on classical models with critical behavior, where fixed points are far more common. We discuss the simplest quantum model Hamiltonian identified so far that exhibits a renormalization group with both limit cycle and chaotic behavior. The model is a discrete Hermitian matrix with two coupling constants, both governed by a nonperturbative renormalization group equation that involves changes in only one of these couplings and is soluble analytically.