Ag掺杂型空心TiO2纳米微球的制备与表征及其光催化性能

通过甲基丙烯酸与苯乙烯的乳液聚合制备了表面载有阴离子的聚苯乙烯(PSt)纳米乳胶粒. 在乙醇与水的混合溶剂中, 用硅烷偶联剂乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷对其进行表面改性. 以此乳胶粒为模板, 加入钛酸四丁酯和硝酸银制备了Ag₂O掺杂型聚苯乙烯/二氧化钛(PSt/TiO₂)复合微球. 对该微球在180 °C进行液相预处理、干燥、500 °C煅烧等步骤制备了Ag 掺杂型Ag-TiO₂复合粒子. 通过扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对PSt/TiO₂复合粒子及Ag-TiO₂空心粒子的形貌及晶体结构等进行了表征. 考察了Ag-TiO₂复合粒子在紫外光(365 nm)与紫外-可见光(370-760 nm)下对罗丹明B (RhB)降解的催化活性. 结果表明, 与不含银的TiO₂空心微球相比, 在紫外光照射下, 银含量(n_Ag/n_Ti)为0.1%的Ag-TiO₂复合粒子对RhB的降解率提高了11%左右; 在紫外-可见光照射下, n_Ag/n_Ti为1.0%和2.0% 的Ag-TiO₂复合粒子对RhB的降解率提高了30%左右.     

Synthesis and properties of silica/polystyrene/polyaniline conductive composite particles

In this study, silica/polystyrene/polyaniline (SiO₂/PS/PANI) conductive composite particles were synthesized by four sequential reactions. The nanosized SiO₂ particles were synthesized from tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) by a sol–gel process with water as the solvent medium, followed by a surface modification with triethoxyvinylsilane; then the surface modified SiO₂ particles were used as seeds to synthesize SiO₂/PS composite particles with soapless seeded emulsion polymerization. Finally, the SiO₂/PS particles were used as seeds to synthesize the SiO₂/PS/PANI conductive composite particles. The sol–gel process of SiO₂, the effect of surface modification, and several other factors that influenced polymerization of styrene in the soapless seeded emulsion polymerization will be discussed. Either potassium persulfate (KPS) or 2,2′‐azobis(isobutyramidine) dihydrochloride (AIBA) was used as the initiator to synthesize the uniform SiO₂/PS particles successfully, and the cross‐section morphology of the SiO₂/PS particles was found to be of a core–shell structure, with SiO₂ as the core, and PS as the shell. The SiO₂/PS particles were well dispersed in many organic solvents. In the following step to synthesize SiO₂/PS/PANI conductive composite particles, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) played an important role, specifically, to absorb aniline onto the surfaces of the SiO₂/PS particles to carry out the polymerization of aniline over the entire surface of the particles. The conductivity of the SiO₂/PS/PANI composite particles approached that of semiconductive materials. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 342–354, 2005     

Fabrication of convex-shaped polybenzylsilsesquioxane micropatterns by the electrophoretic sol–gel deposition process using indium tin oxide substrates with a hydrophobic-hydrophilic-patterned surface

Polybenzylsilsesquioxane (BnSiO_3/2) particles become a supercooled liquid through a heat treatment above the glass transition temperature (T _g) of the particles. Micropatterns of BnSiO_3/2 thick films with high transparency were obtained by the electrophoretic deposition of the BnSiO_3/2 particles on indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated substrates with a hydrophobic-hydrophilic-patterned surface and subsequent heating above T _g of the particles. It was found that the control of electrophoretic deposition conditions, in which the amounts of the particles deposited on the substrates were changed, led to two types of micropatterning processes of the BnSiO_3/2 thick films. In the first process, the particles were selectively deposited on the hydrophilic areas after the electrophoretic deposition. In the second process, the particles were deposited on the whole area of the ITO-coated substrate with hydrophobic-hydrophilic patterns after the electrophoretic deposition. Due to the difference in wettability of BnSiO_3/2 molten liquids between hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces, the molten liquids on the hydrophobic areas, which were obtained by heating above T _g of the particles, migrated toward the hydrophilic areas. In both the processes, convex-shaped BnSiO_3/2 micropatterns with high transparency were fabricated only on the hydrophilic areas after a heat treatment above T _g of the particles.     

Preparation of poly(methyl methacrylate)/CaCO3/SiO2 composite particles via emulsion polymerization

A novel method to prepare organic/inorganic composite particles, i.e. poly(methyl methacrylate)/CaCO₃/SiO₂ three-component composite particles, using emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate with sodium lauryl sulfate as a surfactant in an aqueous medium was reported. CaCO₃/SiO₂ two-component inorganic composite particles were obtained firstly by the reaction between Na₂CO₃ and CaCl₂ in porous silica (submicrometer size) aqueous sol and the specific surface area of the particles was measured by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method. The results show that the BET specific surface area of the CaCO₃/SiO₂ composite particle is much smaller than that of the silica particle, indicating that CaCO₃ particles were adsorbed by porous silica and that two-component inorganic composite particles were formed. Before copolymerization with methyl methacrylate, the inorganic composite particles were coated with a modifying agent through covalent attachment. The chemical structures of the poly(methyl methacrylate)/CaCO₃/SiO₂ composite particles obtained were characterized by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that the surface of the modified inorganic particles is grafted by the methyl methacrylate molecules and that the grafting percentage is about 15.2%.     

Synthesis of GoldMag particles with assembled structure and their applications in immunoassay

Micrometer-sized Fe3O4 particles and nano-sized gold particles were first synthesized by methods of self-aggregation of surface-chemically modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles and citrate reduction of the Au3 to Au0, respectively. Interaction between these two types of particles resulted in the assembly of nano-sized gold particles on the surface of the micrometer-sized Fe3O4 particles, forming an assembled structure with the Fe3O4 core particles around which are attached nano-sized gold parti- cles. The Fe3O4/Au structure is named GoldMag particles with assembled structure. The synthetic process, structure, and magnetic property of the GoldMag particles were analyzed. GoldMag particles with assembled structure have an irregular shape, rough surface with a diameter of 2―3 μm. These particles exhibit the superparamagnetic property with saturated magnetization of 41 A·m2/kg. In a single step, antibodies could be readily immobilized onto the surface of the particles with a high binding capacity. The GoldMag particles can be used as a novel carrier in immunoassays. The maximum quantity of human IgG immobilized onto GoldMag particles was 330 μg/mg. In order to validate the quality of the GoldMag particles as immunoassay carriers, an immunoassay system was used. The relative amount of immobilized human IgG was measured by HRP-labeled anti human IgG. The coefficient of variation within parallel samples of each group was below 6% and the coefficient of variation of means between five groups carried out separately was below 7%. Based on the sandwich method, the Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were also analyzed by qualitative and quantitative detection, respectively. The result indicated that the GoldMag particles with assembled structure were an ideal carrier in immunoassay.     

Dispersed platinum and tin polyaniline film electrodes for the anodes of the direct methanol fuel cell

To develop better and cheaper electrocatalysts for the oxidation of methanol in direct methanol fuel cells, several combinations of a conductive polymer polyaniline (PANI) and dispersed metal particles such as Pt and Sn were examined. The anodic current for the methanol oxidation (i _MeOH) showing the electrocatalytic activity of Pt particles was remarkably enhanced when the particles were dispersed on PANI films that should provide higher surface areas for the dispersed particles. The activity strongly depended on the morphology and the electric conductivity of the PANI films electropolymerized in five different acid solutions: H₂SO₄, HNO₃, HClO₄, HBF₄, and HCl. The highest activity was achieved using the dispersed Pt particle on PANI film electropolymerized from H₂SO₄ polymerizing solution. In order to reduce the dispersed amount of the expensive Pt particles, other metal particles were pre-dispersed on the PANI film prepared from the H₂SO₄ polymerizing solution, and then Pt particles were dispersed on the film. Among the pre-dispersed metal particles attempted here (Sn, Cu, Cr, Ni, In, Co, Sb, Bi, Pb, and Mn), the highest activity was obtained with Sn particles. When the ratio of dispersed Pt to Sn particles ranges from 32:68 to 100:0, i _MeOH is higher than that measured with the dispersed Pt particle on PANI films without the Sn particles. This means that the dispersed amount of the Pt particles could be reduced by utilizing dispersed Sn particles.     

Preparation and characterization of NiFe bimetallic micro-particles and its composite with silica shell

Magnetic NiFe particles were synthesized through hydrothermal method using hydrazine as reductant. Composite particles with core-shell structure were further achieved by depositing silicon dioxide generated via carbonation decomposition of sodium silicate solution on the surface of magnetic cores. Characterized by XRD, the Ni₉Fe particles are of fcc-type structure, and the structure of magnetic cores in composite particles was maintained despite being covered by SiO₂ shell. The existence of SiO₂ shells in the composite particles were demonstrated by SEM, EDS and IR. The results from TG and VSM indicated that the shell structure affected the physiochemical properties. The composite particles exhibited remarkable resistance to oxidation in comparison with Ni₉Fe particles due to being protected by SiO₂ shell. Meanwhile, both of them are soft magnetic materials, but Ms, Mr and Hc in Ni₉[email protected]₂ particle decreased compared with magnetic NiFe particles. The formation mechanisms of Ni₉Fe micro-particles and composite Ni₉Fe particles were discussed.     

Synthesis and characterization of Ti(IV)-substituted calcium hydroxyapatite particles by forced hydrolysis of Ca(OH)2-Na5P3O10-TiCl4 mixed solution

Ti(IV)-substituted calcium hydroxyapatite (TiHap) particles were prepared by aging Ca(OH)₂, TiCl₄, and sodium triphosphate (sodium tripolyphosphate, Natpp: Na₅P₃O₁₀) mixed solution at 100 °C for 18 h. The ellipsoidal secondary TiHap particles with ca. 100～150 nm in length composing by aggregation of small ellipsoidal primary particles with ca. 20 nm in length were produced at atomic ratio of Ti/(Ca+Ti) [X_Ti]≦0.2. The in situ IR spectra of these TiHap particles exhibited very small bulk OH^? band at 3,570 cm^?1. This result indicated that the TiHap particles were formed by aggregation of fine primary particles and OH^? ions along with c-axis in the primary particles were disordered. The TiHap particles with Ca/P atomic ratio larger than theoretical value of 1.67 did not exhibit surface P–OH groups at 3,659 and 3,682 cm^?1. The diffuse reflectance UV spectra of TiHap particles revealed that these particles have a UV absorption property, especially fabricated at X_Ti?=?0.1. The particles prepared at X_Ti?=?0.6 and 0.8 were amorphous and nanoparticles with 5～10 nm in diameter, but those precipitated at X_Ti?=?1.0 were poorly crystallized anataze-type TiO₂ nanoparticles.     

Preparation of composite particles with magnetic silica core and fluorescent polymer shell

Dual functions of magnetic and fluorescent properties were created in composite particles that incorporated magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles in particle cores of silica and fluorescent pyrene in particle shells of polystyrene. The Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were prepared with a conventional homogeneous precipitation method and surface modified with a coupling agent of carboxyethylsilanetriol. The silica particles incorporating Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were synthesized with a modified Stöber method in which the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were added to a system of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS)/ammonia/water/ethanol. Then, the magnetite/silica composite particles were coated with the pyrene/polystyrene shell in a soap-free emulsion polymerization, which was conducted in the presence of pyrene in a mixed solvent of water/ethanol. The composite particles prepared in the mixed solvent had both magnetic and fluorescent properties. The fluorescent spectrum of the particles with Fe₃O₄ was very similar to that without Fe₃O₄, indicating that the magnetic component within the core particles scarcely interfered with the fluorescent emission from the polymer shell.     

Texture of spherical aluminum phosphate particles

Spherical aluminum phosphate particles with a mean particle diameter of 477±16 nm, produced from aging of a solution containing Al(NO₃)₃, Na₂HPO₄ and HNO₃ at 100°C for 19 h in 20-cm³ Teflon-lined screw-capped Pyrex test tube without agitation, were characterized by various means. It was revealed from x-ray diffraction measurement and transmission electron microscope observation that amorphous particles are formed by agglomeration of small primary particles. The particles exhibited a high selective adsorption of H₂O though they adsorbed small amount of N₂ and CO₂. This characteristic phenomenon was explained by rehydration of Al³⁺ ions by H₂O molecules that were penetrated into the particles.     

Mesoporous inorganic salts with crystal defects: unusual catalysts and catalyst supports

We proposed a strategy to synthesize mesoporous inorganic salt particles using the special properties of ionic liquid (IL) mixtures, and hollow mesoporous LaF₃, NdF₃, and YF₃ particles were synthesized and characterized using different techniques. The size of the mesopores in the salt particles was about 4 nm, and the materials were full of crystal defects. The LaF₃, NdF₃ and YF₃ particles were used as the catalysts for the cyanosilylation reaction of benzaldehyde using trimethylsilyl cyanide, and Ru/LaF₃ and Ru/NdF₃, in which Ru nanocatalysts were supported on the LaF₃ and NdF₃ particles with mesopores, were used to catalyze hydrogenations of benzene to cyclohexane and levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). It was discovered that the activities of these catalysts were unprecedentedly high for these reactions. Detailed study showed that both the crystal defects and the mesopores in the salt particles played crucial roles for the extremely high catalytic activity.     

Particle formation in interval III of the emulsion polymerization of styrene with aerosol‐MA as an emulsifier

Particle nucleation in the seeded emulsion polymerization of styrene in the presence of Aerosol‐MA emulsifier micelles and in the absence of monomer droplets (interval III) was investigated. The seed particles were swollen with different amounts of the styrene monomer before the experiments. A larger number of polymer particles formed in interval III than in the corresponding seeded batch operation in the presence of monomer droplets. The increase in the number of particles could be attributed to the reduced rate of growth of new particles, which retarded the depletion of emulsifier micelles. The number of secondary particles initially increased with the initial polymer weight ratio in the seed particles (w_p0) but decreased at a higher range of w_p0, after reaching a maximum at w_p0 = 0.60, and eventually was reduced to zero. At high values of w_p0 (>0.75), polymerization occurred in the seed particles, whereas few or no new particles were formed despite the presence of micelles. The cessation of particle formation at high conversions was ascertained with a semibatch process in which the neat monomer feed was added to the reaction vessel containing the seed particles and emulsifier micelles. For w_p0 > 0.85, the emulsifier micelles were disintegrated to stabilize the seed particles with no secondary particle formation. The possible reasons for the cessation of particle formation at high w_p0 were examined. The size distribution of secondary particles showed a positive skewness in terms of volume because of the declining rate of growth for particles, together with a low rate of growth for small particles. The distribution breadth of new particles sharpened with increasing w_p0. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 1652–1663, 2002     

Studies on fabricating α-Fe2O3 ultrafine particles by LB film technology

The α-Fe₂O₃ ultrafine particles were dispersed in the solutions of stearic acid/n-hexane/chloroform by the ultrasonic method, and fabricated by the Langmuir–Blodgett film technology. α-Fe₂O₃ ultrafine particles/stearic acid composite LB films were characteried by π–A curve, UV-visible absorption spectrum, IR spectrum, small angle X-ray diffraction, TEM and electron diffraction. The results showed the following: the αFe₂O₃ ultrafine particles were uniformly dispersed in organic solvents; the film-forming characterization of the α-Fe₂O₃ ultrafine particles/stearic acid monolayer was fine, the α-Fe₂O₃ ultrafine particles in the composite film had a small orientation; the α-Fe₂O₃ ultrafine particles/stearic acid composite film had a lamellar structure.     

Synthesis of nanosized TiO2/SiO2 particles using microwave processes and their photocatalytic activity on the decomposition of orange II

The nanosized titania and TiO₂/SiO₂ particles were prepared by the microwave-hydrothermal method. The effect of physical properties TTIP/TEOS ratio and calcination temperature has been investigated. The major phase of the pure TiO₂ particle is of the anatase structure, and a rutile peak was observed above 800°C. In TiO₂/SiO₂ particles, however, no significant rutile phase was observed, although the calcination temperature was 900°C. No peaks for the silica crystal phase were observed at either silica/titania ratio. The crystallite size of TiO₂/SiO₂ particles decreases as compared to pure TiO₂ at high calcination temperatures. The TiO₂/SiO₂ particles show higher activity on the photocatalytic decomposition of orange II as compared to pure TiO₂ particles.     

Effects of surface modification of fumed silica on interfacial structures and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) composites

Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)-based composites were prepared by blending PVC with nano-SiO₂ particles, which were treated with dimethyl dichlorosilane (DMCS), γ-methylacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (KH570). The dispersion and interfacial compatibility of nano-SiO₂ particles in PVC matrix was characterized by SEM, which indicated that DDS had a better dispersion and compatibility than UTS but worse than KHS. The mechanical properties, processability and effective interfacial interaction of nano-SiO₂/PVC composites were studied. The nano-SiO₂ particles treated with KH570 or DMCS significantly reinforced and toughened the PVC composites. The maximum impact strength of PVC composites was achieved at a weight ratio of nano-SiO₂/PVC:4/100. The tensile yield stress increased with increasing the content of treated inorganic particles. The incorporation of untreated nano-SiO₂ particles adversely affected the tensile strength of the composite. Although the equilibrium torques of all nano-SiO₂/PVC composites were higher than that of pure PVC, the surface treatments did reduce the equilibrium torque. The interfacial interaction parameter, B, and interfacial immobility parameter, b, calculated respectively from tensile yield stress and loss module of nano-SiO₂/PVC composites, were employed to quantitatively characterize the effective interfacial interaction between the nano-SiO₂ particles and PVC matrix. It was demonstrated that the nano-SiO₂ particles treated with KH570 had stronger effective interface interaction with PVC matrix than those treated with DMCS, which also had stronger effective interface interaction than the untreated nano-SiO₂ particles.     

Hematite template route to hollow-type silica spheres

Hollow-type silica spheres with controlled cavity size were prepared from Fe₂O₃-SiO₂ core-shell composite particles by selective leaching of the iron oxide core materials using acidic solution. The spherical Fe₂O₃ core particles with a diameter range of 20-400 nm were first prepared by the hydrolysis reaction of iron salts. Next, the Fe₂O₃-SiO₂ core-shell particles were prepared by the deposition of a SiO₂ layer onto the surface of Fe₂O₃ particles using a two-step coating process, consisting of a primary coating with sodium silicate solution and a subsequent coating by controlled hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilicate (TEOS). The Fe₂O₃ core was then removed by dissolving with acidic solution, giving rise to hollow-type silica particles. Scanning electron microscopy clearly revealed that the cavity size was closely related to the initial size of the core Fe₂O₃ particle. According to the cross-sectional view obtained by transmission electron microscopy, the silica shell thickness was about 10 nm. The porous texture of the hollow-type silica particles was further characterized by nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm measurements.     

Synthesis and characterization of silica-supported Preyssler nano particles and its catalytic activity for photodegradation of methyl orange

Abstract

Heteropolyacid (H₁₄ [NaP₅W₃₀O₁₁₀])/SiO₂ nano particles were synthesized by a micro emulsion technique. The morphology and size of these nano particles were characterized using, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. In a designed photo reactor, the photo degradation of methyl orange as common azo dye pollutants in the environment was selected as a test reaction to estimate the catalytic activity of the synthesized nano particles and found to be excellent.     

Synthesis and characteristics of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐methacrylic acid)/Fe3O4 thermosensitive magnetic composite hollow latex particles

In this study, the poly(NIPAAm–MAA)/Fe₃O₄ hollow latex particles were synthesized by three steps. The first step was to synthesize the poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐methylacrylate acid) (poly(MMA‐MAA)) copolymer latex particles by the method of soapless emulsion polymerization. Following the first step, the second step was to polymerize N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), MAA, and crosslinking agent (N,N'‐methylene‐bisacrylamide (MBA)) in the presence of poly(MMA‐MAA) latex particles to form the linear poly(MMA‐MAA)/crosslinking poly (NIPAAm‐MAA) core‐shell latex particles. After the previous processes, the core‐shell latex particles were heated in the presence of NH₄OH to dissolve the linear poly(MMA‐MAA) core in order to form the poly(NIPAAm‐MAA) hollow latex particles. In the third step, Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions were introduced to bond with the ? COOH groups of MAA segments in the poly(NIPAAm‐MAA) hollow polymer latex particles. Further by a reaction with NH₄OH and then Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were generated in situ and the poly(NIPAAm‐MAA)/Fe₃O₄ magnetic composite hollow latex particles were formed. The concentrations of MAA, crosslinking agent (N,N'‐methylene bisacrylamide), and Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were important factors to influence the morphology of hollow latex particles and lower critical solution temperature of poly(NIPAAm–MAA)/Fe₃O₄ magnetic composite hollow latex particles. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012     

Thermosensitive and control release behavior of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid)/nano-Fe3O4 magnetic composite latex particle that is synthesized by a novel method

In this study, a novel method was used to synthesize the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid)/Fe₃O₄ (poly(NIPAAm-AA)/Fe₃O₄) magnetic composite latex. The crosslinked poly(NIPAAm-AA) polymer latex particles were first synthesized by the method of soapless emulsion polymerization, then Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions were introduced to bond with the -COOH groups of AA segments in poly(NIPAAm-AA) polymer latex particles. Further by a reaction with NH₄OH, Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were generated in situ. The concentrations of acrylic acid (AA), crosslinking agent (N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA)), and Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were important factors to influence the morphology and lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of poly(NIPAAm-AA)/Fe₃O₄ magnetic composite latex particles. The poly(NIPAAm-AA)/Fe₃O₄ latex particles were used as a thermosensitive drug carrier to load caffeine. The control release of caffeine was studies. Morphology-based schematic models were proposed to explain the control release behavior of the composite particles with different compositions. Moreover, the protein (albumin, acetylated from bovine serum (BSA)) was bound on the surface of poly(NIPAAm-AA)/Fe₃O₄ composite latex particles. The effects of AA, crosslinking agent and Fe₃O₄ contents on the amount of BSA binding were investigated at different temperatures and pH values. The composition-morphology-BSA conjugation relationship was established.     

Preparation of Au-TiO2 Hybrid Nano Particles in Silicate Film Made by Sol-Gel Method

TiO₂ nano particles with photo catalytic property were mixed with silica alkoxides solution with HAuCl₄/4H₂O. STS02 (purchased from Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd.) was used as TiO₂ nano particles. The average size of TiO₂ nano particles was 7 nm in diameter. The gel film coated on glass substrate was heated and then HAuCl₄/4H₂O was thermally reduced at 390 degree. The coated silica gel film doped with HAuCl₄/4H₂O and TiO₂ nano particles was turned into light blue from colorless gel film after heat treatment. The optical absorption spectrum showed the absorption peak of the film heated at 390 degree shifted to at about 650 nm compare to SiO₂ film doped with Au nano particles without TiO₂ nano particles that had absorption peak at 542 nm. On the other hand, the film formed from coating solution incorporated TiAA (titanium tetraisopropoxide chelated by acetyl acetone) as TiO₂ source instead of TiO₂ nano particles had absorption peak at 550 nm. That means there was no effect on formation of Au nano particles when TiAA was incorporated. The average size of the particles was found to be about 23 nm in diameter by TEM observation. Furthermore EDX (Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer) analysis of nano particles in the film indicated that Au-TiO₂ nano hybrid particles were formed. Simulation results also supported that the size in diameter of Au nano particles had little influence on the absorption coefficient of the silica film doped with Au nano particles.