健康人及尿石患者头发中微量元素的相关性研究

用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定了尿石症高发现地区－广东省东莞市尿石症患者发中Ｃａ，Ｍｇ，Ａｌ，Ｃｄ，Ｃｏ，Ｃｒ，Ｍｎ，Ｆｅ，Ｃｕ，Ｍｏ，Ｚｎ，Ｂａ，Ｓｒ等十三种微量元素，并和健康人进行比较，经ｔ检验发现：Ｂａ，Ｃｄ，Ｍｏ，Ｓｒ，Ｍｎ，Ｚｎ和Ｍｇ／Ｃａ比值间存在显著性差异。     

仙人掌果汁红色素含量测定与微量元素分析

用可见分光光度法与等离子体发射光谱法对仙人掌果汁色素及其微量元素的含量进行了测定，仙人掌果汁色素含量达２．１％￣３．３％，成熟果的果汁色素含量比预成熟果大。在２７种被测定的元素中，除Ａｓ、Ｂｅ、Ｃｄ、Ｃｏ、Ｍｏ、Ｐｂ，Ｓｂ，Ｔｌ等未被检出外，其余Ａｇ，Ａｌ，Ｂ，Ｂａ，Ｃａ，Ｃｒ，Ｃｕ，Ｆｅ，Ｍｇ，Ｍｎ，Ｎａ，Ｎｉ，Ｓｅ，Ｖ，Ｚｎ，Ｋ，Ｐ，Ｓ等均有准确测定值。成熟果与预成熟果的果汁微量元素含量无明显     

不同产地高良姜无机元素含量的比较

用等离子体发射光谱法测定了三个不同产地高良姜的元素含量，在２７种被测元素中，除Ａｓ、Ｂｅ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｏ、Ｐｂ、Ｓｂ、Ｔｌ７种元素未被检出外，三个产地的高良姜均含有Ａｇ、Ａｌ、Ｂ、Ｂａ、Ｃａ、Ｃｄ、Ｃｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｍｎ、Ｎａ、Ｎｉ、Ｓｅ、Ｓｉ、Ｖ、Ｚｎ、Ｋ、Ｐ、Ｓ２０种元素，湛江产的高良姜大多数元素的含量要高于其它两地。Ｚｎ和Ｍｎ两种人体必需微量元素的含量较丰富。     

糖尿病人微量元素谱的多元分析

胜多元分析了糖尿病患者样品中微量元素，了解微量元素与糖尿病的关系，并提出了新见解。用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定糖尿病患者血、发中１８种微量和宏量元素 ；结果经多元分析处理，找到血、发共有的相关链：Ｍｎ－Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ－ＳｒＴｉ，它与患者年龄、性别、样品无关，看来它提供了机体的特殊信息。     

康心羹中总蒽醌与元素含量的测定及其疗效关系探讨

用ＡＡＳ法测定了康心羹中Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｒ、Ａｓ、Ｐｂ等９种元素含量,用光度法测定了总蒽醌含量,结果表明,康心羹治疗心血管疾病的独特疗效与微量元素的总蒽酯的含量有一定的关系。     

Ce~（3＋）在钙钛矿型KMF_3（M＝Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba）基质中的发光特性

采用高温固相反应法，在Ａｒ气氛中合成了ＫＭＦ３（Ｍ＝Ｍｇ、Ｃａ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ）基质化合物和掺杂Ｃｅ３＋的磷光体。经Ｘ射线衍射分析确定，ＫＭｇＦ３和ＫＣａＦ３属于立方晶系、钙钛矿型结构，ＫＳｒＦ３和ＫＢａＦ３具有类似的结构。测定了ＫＭＦ３∶Ｃｅ３＋的发光光谱，观察到与其结构对应的分为二种不同的光谱结构，讨论了Ｃｅ３＋的取代格位     

Ce^3＋在钼钛矿型KMF3（M=Mg,Ca,Sr,Ba）基质中的发光特性

采用高温固相反应法，在Ａｒ气氛中合成了ＫＭＦ３（Ｍ＝Ｍｇ，Ｃａ，Ｓｒ，Ｂａ）基质化合物和掺杂Ｃｅ＾３＋的磷光体。经Ｘ射线衍射分析确定，ＫＭｇＦ３和ＫＣａＦ３属于立方晶系、钙钛矿型结构，ＫＳｒＦ３和ＫＢａＦ３具有类似的结构。测定了ＫＭＦ３：Ｃｅ＾３＋的发光光谱，观察到与其结构对应的分为二种不同的光谱结构，讨论了Ｃｅ＾３＋的取代格信。     

小儿支气管哮喘与免疫功能及微量元素关系的临床研究

通过临床对照研究,发现哮喘患儿血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群Ｔ３、Ｔ４、Ｔ８及Ｔ４／Ｔ８比健康对照组显著低下（Ｐ＜０００５）,而总ＩｇＥ则显著升高。患儿血中必需微量元素Ｚｎ、Ｓｅ、Ｃｒ、Ｓｒ及宏量元素Ｂ、Ｍｇ比健康对照组显著降低,而Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｃａ、Ｖ、Ａｌ、Ｃｏ及有害元素Ｃｄ则显著升高（Ｐ＜００５）。结果表明,小儿哮喘与人体免疫缺陷、部分微量元素降低及有害微量元素升高密切相关。提示：提高人体免疫功能、调节微量元素代谢失衡对提高哮喘防治效果有重要意义。     

ELECTRON TRANSFER BETWEEN Eu~(3+) AND Ce~(3+) IN SrMgF_4 MATRIX

ＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＮ　ＴＲＡＮＳＦＥＲ　ＢＥＴＷＥＥＮ　Ｅｕ~（３＋）　ＡＮＤ　Ｃｅ~（３＋）　ＩＮ　ＳｒＭｇＦ_４　ＭＡＴＲＩＸＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＮＴＲＡＮＳＦＥＲＢＥＴＷＥＥＮＥｕ~（３＋）ＡＮＤＣｅ~（３＋）ＩＮＳｒＭｇＦ_４ＭＡＴＲＩＸ￥ＹｉｎｇＷＵ；Ｃｈ...     

ICP－AES测定东北虎、梅花鹿等动物毛发中的微量元素

研究了东北虎、梅花鹿等动物毛发中元素的ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ分析方法，报道了上述动物毛发中的Ａｌ、Ｃａ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｍｎ、Ｐ、Ｐｂ、Ｓｒ、Ｚｎ等元素的含量，为研究微量元素与动物健康的关系提供了参考。     

家兔动脉粥样硬化模型微量元素谱的计算机多元分析

为了查明微量元素谱与动脉粥样硬化症的关连，用多元分析研究了白兔动脉粥样硬化模型中的生物样品微量元素谱。ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定动脉粥样硬化模型和对照组的兔器官和 组织中１９种元素。因子分析法处理数据，得到一系列因子得分分布图，各图象表明动脉粥样硬化组与对照组的样品点分布在图上不同区域，且两组样品点可分辨。     

白卡奴鸽动脉粥样硬化模型微量元素谱的计算机多元分析

用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定了白卡奴鸽动脉粥样硬化模型和对照组的器官和组织中１９种元素含量，通过因子分析，取得一系列因子得分图，结果表明，动脉粥样硬化和对照组样品点分布在不同区域，且可分辨。     

Multielement analysis of whole blood by high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

An analytical method using double focusing sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-SMS) for rapid simultaneous determination of 50 elements in digested human blood is described. Sample preparation consisted of microwave digestion with nitric acid followed by dilution with ultrapure water. The importance of controlling possible contamination sources at different sample preparation and analysis stages in order to achieve adequate method detection limits (MDL) is emphasised. Correction for matrix effects was made using scandium, indium and lutecium as internal standards. Accuracy of the data for elements suffering from spectral interferences was improved by applying either a high resolution capability of the ICP-SMS or mathematical corrections. Different approaches for accuracy assessment in blood analysis are evaluated. Additional information on trace elements concentration in selected blood reference materials is given. The between-batch precision was assessed from replicate analysis (including sample preparation) of reference materials and was better than 10% RSD for 21 elements and better than 30% RSD for 36 elements under consideration. A statistical summary for results obtained for 31 blood samples from non-exposed subjects is presented. The majority of elements tested was found in the samples at concentrations higher than MDL.     

冠心病（心肌纤维化）微量元素谱的多元分析

用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ分析了冠心病中心肌纤维化男、女患者血液中的１９种元素含量，结果通过因子分析得到男女不同性能别的判别元素谱、应用非线性映射得以二维空间图、男性分辨率达９６．６％，女性达８７．３％。     

Multielement analysis of whole blood by high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

An analytical method using double focusing sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-SMS) for rapid simultaneous determination of 50 elements in digested human blood is described. Sample preparation consisted of microwave digestion with nitric acid followed by dilution with ultrapure water. The importance of controlling possible contamination sources at different sample preparation and analysis stages in order to achieve adequate method detection limits (MDL) is emphasised. Correction for matrix effects was made using scandium, indium and lutecium as internal standards. Accuracy of the data for elements suffering from spectral interferences was improved by applying either a high resolution capability of the ICP-SMS or mathematical corrections. Different approaches for accuracy assessment in blood analysis are evaluated. Additional information on trace elements concentration in selected blood reference materials is given. The between-batch precision was assessed from replicate analysis (including sample preparation) of reference materials and was better than 10% RSD for 21 elements and better than 30% RSD for 36 elements under consideration. A statistical summary for results obtained for 31 blood samples from non-exposed subjects is presented. The majority of elements tested was found in the samples at concentrations higher than MDL. Received: 23 November 1998 / Revised: 6 January 1999 / Accepted: 12 January 1999     

Standardless PIXE analysis of thick biomineral structures

The particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) of thick biomineral targets provides pertinent surface analysis, but if good reference materials are missing then complementary approaches are required to handle the matrix effects. This is illustrated by our results from qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of biomaterials and calcified tissues in which PIXE usually detected up to 20 elements with Z > 14 per sample, many at trace levels. Relative concentrations allow the classification of dental composites according to the mean Z and by multivariate statistics. In femur bones from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, trace element changes showed high individual variability but correlated to each other, and multivariate statistics improved discrimination of abnormal pathology. Changes on the in vitro demineralization of dental enamel suggested that a dissolution of Ca compounds in the outermost layer results in the uncovering of deeper layers containing higher trace element levels. Thus, in spite of significant limitations, standardless PIXE analysis of thick biomineral samples together with proper additional procedures can provide relevant information in biomedical research.Abbreviations AAS Atomic absorption spectrometry - ERDA Elastic recoil detection analysis - ESR Electron spin resonance - FDA Factorial discriminant analysis - FTIR spectroscopy Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy - HP Ge detector Hyperpure Ge detector - ICP-AES Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry - NAA Neutron activation analysis - NRA Nuclear reaction analysis - PCA Principal component analysis - PIXE Particle-induced X-ray emission - PIGE Particle-induced -ray emission - RBS Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy - SRIXE Synchrotron radiation-induced X-ray emission     

ETAAS method for the determination of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn and Se in blood fractions and whole blood

An electrothermal atomic absorption method (ETAAS) for the direct determination of trace elements (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Se) both in blood fractions (erythrocytes, plasma and lymphocytes) and whole blood was developed. Zeeman background correction and graphite tubes with L'vov platforms were used. Samples were diluted with HNO3/Triton X-100 and pipetted directly into the graphite tube. Ashing, pretreatment and atomization steps were optimized carefully for the different fractions and elements applying different matrix modifiers for each element. For the lymphocyte fraction a multi-fold injection technique was applied. Low detection limits of the ETAAS method (Cd 0.13 microgram/L, Cr 0.11 microgram/L, Cu 0.52 microgram/L, Mn 0.13 microgram/L, Se 0.7 microgram/L of whole blood) combined with small quantities of sample necessary for analysis allow determination of trace elements in this matrix. Verification of possible differences in the trace element status of humans was performed with statistical significance (P < 0.05). In addition, a contribution to the determination of normal values of essential elements was achieved. The method was applied for determination of trace elements in human blood and blood fractions of two groups (n = 50) different in health status.     

Factorial discriminant analysis of occupational exposure in metallurgy using INAA of hair samples

A multivariate statistical technique-factoral discriminant analysis (FDA)-has been used to evaluate the occupational esposure of a group of metallurgy workers using the elemental composition of their scalp hair, as compared with a control group. The initial variables were the concentrations of ten minor and trace elements Al, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Sb, Se, V, and Zn determined in hair samples by using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). A good discrimination between exposed and control subjects has been achieved after the normalization of the data (by log-transforming the initial variables) and considering sex-matched groups. To measure the accuracy of the classification and the predictive ability a cross-validation procedure was used.     

微量元素锌、血清胱抑素 C在糖尿病肾病早期诊断的意义

目的：探讨早期糖尿病肾病患者（ DN）的微量元素锌、血清胱抑素C（ CysC）、血清肌酐（ SCr）和血清尿素（ BUN）水平的变化程度及意义。方法将糖尿病肾病患者分为3组：正常蛋白尿组,微量蛋白尿组,临床蛋白尿组。所有患者和对照组均空腹抽取静脉血检测微量元素锌、血清胱抑素C、血清尿素、血清肌酐。结果正常蛋白尿组、微量蛋白尿组、临床蛋白尿组微量元素锌均明显低于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）。正常蛋白尿组、微量蛋白尿组、临床蛋白尿组血清胱抑素C水平均明显高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）。微量蛋白尿组、临床蛋白尿组血清肌酐检测值和正常对照组有明显差异,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）。结论检测微量元素锌、血清胱抑素C对糖尿病肾病的早期肾损害有较高的临床价值,可作为早期糖尿病肾病诊断的参考指标。