Ⅰ型准相位匹配周期性极化铌酸锂倍频蓝光输出

在周期为14．5μm的周期性极化铌酸锂中,利用d31得到了一阶Ⅰ型EY^ωEY^ω-Ez^2ω(oo-e)准相位匹配蓝光二次谐波。在150C下,由114μJ抽运光,得到了52μJ,0．473μm倍频蓝光,对应于平均最大转换效率45．6%。制备了一阶和三阶周期分别为4．5μm和13．5μm的周期性极化铌酸锂。在EY^ωEY^ω-Ez^2ω(ee-e)准相位匹配0．473μm蓝光倍频中。150C下,分别得到了41．3%和19%的倍频转换效率。oo-e准相位匹配比传统的ee-e准相位匹配有较大的光栅周期,尤其在短波长区域倍频输出应用中,降低了周期性结构制作的困难,其较大的容许带宽在实验中提高了频率转换效率。实验结果表明了在周期性极化铌酸锂中准相位匹配倍频的偏振相关性。     

一阶准相位匹配周期性极化铌酸锂倍频产生18 mW绿光连续输出

通过高压脉冲电场极化 ,制备了周期为 6 5 μm、长为 12mm、宽为 10mm、厚为 0 5mm的一阶准相位匹配周期性极化铌酸锂 ;由 1 1W连续 1 0 6 μmNd∶YAG激光器抽运 ,在 5°时产生了约 18mW、0 .5 32 μm的倍频连续绿光 ,其对应的二次谐波转换效率约为 1 6 % ,二次谐波的归一化转换效率约为 1 5 %cm- 1 W- 1 ,相当于 79%的周期性极化铌酸锂的理想非线性系数。测量了抽运光功率与倍频光功率的关系     

准相位匹配周期极化高掺镁铌酸锂532 nm倍频准连续输出研究

对周期性极化高掺镁铌酸锂倍频过程进行了准相位匹配倍频理论研究。在室温下通过外加电场极化法,用较低的极化开关电场～5．5kV／mm,在厚为1mm、长为10mm、宽为10mm的掺镁铌酸锂基片上成功地制备了周期为5．8～7．3pm(间隔0．3pm)的一阶准相位匹配倍频周期性极化光学微结构。将温度控制在70℃左右,以波长为1．060μm的Nd：YAG激光为基频光源,对所研制的光学微结构样品进行倍频通光实验验证。当入射基频光为920mW时,可以获得约15mW的532nm准连续倍频蓝光输出．其归一化转换效率高达1．77％／W。     

准相位匹配PPLN倍频理论研究与优化设计

对准相位匹配周期性极化铌酸锂(PPLN)倍频进行了理论研究，并对聚焦高斯光束条件下的倍频耦合波方程进行了求解，给出了准相位匹配倍频转换效率公式，分析了晶体长度与聚焦程度的关系，在此基础上对倍频谐振腔进行了优化设计，以期获得最大的倍频转换效率.本结果对准相位匹配倍频器件的设计具有一定的指导意义. 关键词： 倍频 准相位匹配 周期性极化铌酸锂     

宽带准连续光纤激光在周期极化铌酸锂中倍频特性的研究

双包层光纤激光器和非线性光学材料(如周期性极化的铌酸锂晶体,PPLN)相结合,开辟了实用性非线性光学器件的一个新领域。研究了准相位匹配周期性极化反转铌酸锂晶体对宽带准连续光纤激光倍频的温度特性和频谱特性。在理论上,从准相位匹配相位失配关系出发,推导了晶体温度与抽运源中心波长的关系以及温度响应带宽,并和已报道实验结果进行了比较,二者符合得很好。此外,还推导了倍频周期极化铌酸锂晶体对抽运基频光源的响应谱线带宽。在实验上,采用长度20mm,极化周期6．5μm,厚度0．5mm的周期极化铌酸锂晶体光纤激光器准连续宽带输出进行了倍频,获得了在不同控制温度下的倍频光光谱,并对此进行了详细分析。     

可调谐准相位匹配高效宽带二次谐波转换

高效宽带二次谐波转换在光通信、信号处理和光谱学等很多领域都有重要的应用.通常高效宽带二次谐波转换的研究都集中在几个波长,为了得到可调谐准相位匹配高效宽带二次谐波转换,理论分析了准相位匹配和群速度匹配条件.在此基础上,分别计算了0型和Ⅰ型准相位匹配情况下,温度对5 mol%掺杂氧化镁周期性极化铌酸锂和周期性极化铌酸锂晶体准相位匹配高效宽带二次谐波转换的影响.对于5 mol%掺杂氧化镁周期性极化铌酸锂晶体,在0型和Ⅰ型准相位匹配情况下,分别得到了调谐宽度15 nm和341 nm的可调谐准相位匹配高效宽带二次谐波转换;对于周期性极化铌酸锂晶体,在0型和Ⅰ型准相位匹配情况下,分别得到了调谐宽度44 nm和98 nm的可调谐准相位匹配高效宽带二次谐波转换.拓展了准相位匹配高效宽带二次谐波转换的波长范围.     

准相位匹配倍频系统的带宽性质研究

根据准相位匹配倍频原理,讨论了实现宽带二次谐波转换需要满足的条件.以周期性极化铌酸锂晶体和掺杂氧化镁（7mol%）周期性极化铌酸锂（7mol%MgO-PPLN）晶体为例,分别比较了0型（e+e→e）和Ⅰ型（o+o→e）两种准相位匹配情况下宽带高效二次谐波转换的特性.研究表明,对于7mol%MgO-PPLN晶体,同时满足准相位匹配条件和群速度匹配条件的中心波长和带宽向短波方向移动,且0型（e+e→e）准相位匹配情况下可以获得更大的带宽.     

准相位匹配扇形光栅铌酸锂光波导倍频绿光输出

采用外加电场极化方式对具有扇形光栅的 0 .5mm厚Z切铌酸锂晶体进行极化反转 ,制成了退火质子交换光波导。极化反转周期为 5 .8μm～ 6 .2 μm ,采用Nd∶YAG激光器输出的 1.0 6 4 μm连续激光为基频光波 ,实现了0 .5 32 μm倍频绿光输出 ,相互作用长度为 4mm ,耦入波导的基频光波功率为 10mW ,获得了 2 0 μW的绿色倍频光输出 ,归一化转换效率为 12 5 % (W·cm2 )。     

半导体激光直接倍频的488nm蓝光激光器

利用波导型准相位匹配周期极化反转铌酸锂(PPLN)晶体直接倍频波长为976 nm的连续半导体激光二极管,在最佳晶体工作温度(28℃)下,获得了波长为488 nm的连续蓝光输出,最大输出功率大于20 mW。所用的晶体尺寸为8 mm×1.4 mm×1 mm,波导截面为4.5μm×3.5μm,极化周期为5.2μm。研究了波导型周期极化反转铌酸锂晶体的倍频效率与温度的关系,与普通的周期极化反转铌酸锂相比,倍频效率与温度关系的敏感度较低。同时,由于晶体可以在室温下工作,简化了加温与温控部件,提高了整机的工作效率。在此实验的基础上,制成了一台小型的全固态488 nm连续蓝光激光器。     

准相位匹配周期极化掺镁铌酸锂490 nm倍频连续输出

在室温下通过外加电场极化法,首次用较低的极化开关电场～5.5 kV/mm,在厚为1 mm、长为20 mm、宽为18 mm的掺镁铌酸锂基片上成功的制备了周期为4.8～5.2 μm的一阶准相位匹配倍频光学微结构;并在室温下,以波长为980 nm的半导体激光器为基频光源,对所研制的微结构样品进行倍频通光实验,在入射基频光为800 mW时,产生约40 mW的490 nm的倍频光,其对应转换效率为5%,实验过程中未见绿致吸收光折变现象.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.     

Fiber Modal Index Measurements Based on Fiber Gratings

A novel method based on fiber gratings for measuring the effective indices of fiber modes is proposed. The effective index difference between the core mode and a cladding mode was obtained by analyzing the interference fringe of a pair of cascaded long-period fiber gratings. In order to extract the core mode index from the measured index difference, an index matching oil immersion method is proposed. By analyzing the interaction between the cladding mode and the oil applied on the cladding surface, the mode order and the effective index of the involved cladding mode might be calculated. Experimental results about the interference fringe shifts induced by the oil index and the oil-applied length are also presented.     

Optical Pulse Compression Schemes That Use Nonlinear Bragg Gratings

Nonlinear optical pulse compression of picosecond pulses typically requires long lengths of optical fiber and multiple components. Periodic structures, such as fiber Bragg gratings, are highly dispersive at wavelengths outside of the photonic bandgap. This implies that such gratings can be used as very short all-fiber compressors. In this paper a number of such compression schemes are reviewed involving uniform and nonuniform fiber Bragg gratings, relying on both soliton and nonsoliton compression principles. Experimental results supporting the corresponding underlying theory are also presented. Finally, an extension of one of the compression schemes is shown, which allows the generation of adjustable high-repetition rate soliton trains.