一种远程社区智慧医疗监护平台设计与实现

随着社会节奏的加快与我国老龄化程度的加深,空巢老人数量迅速增加。空巢老人的身体健康成为各社区医疗服务站与其子女尤为关心的首要问题。提出一种远程社区智慧医疗监护平台设计方案,依托互联网大数据,将空巢老人身体健康指标数据通过无线网络远程传送到社区医疗服务站与其子女手机的终端APP。远程社区智慧医疗监护平台由监护端与采集端两大模块组成,能保证24小时不间断守护老人。仿真实验证明,提出的远程社区智慧医疗监护平台设计方案有效可行 。     

Estimating the number of components in Gaussian mixture models adaptively for medical image

An important but difficult problem of Gaussian mixture models (GMM) for medical image analysis is estimating and testing the number of components by model selection criterion. There are many available methods to estimate the k based on likelihood function. However, some of them need the maximum number of components is known as priori and data is usually over-fitted by them when log-likelihood function is far larger than penalty function. We investigate the log-characteristic function of the GMM to estimate the number of models adaptively for medical image. Our method defines the sum of weighted real parts of all log-characteristic functions of the GMM as a new convergent function and model selection criterion. Our new model criterion makes use of the stability of the sum of weighted real parts of all log-characteristic functions of the GMM when the number of components is larger than the true number of components. The univariate acidity, simulated 2D datasets and real 2D medical images are used to test and experiment results suggest that our method without any priori is more suited for large sample applications than other typical methods.     

Optoelectronic instrumentation enhancement using data mining feedback for a 3D measurement system

3D measurement by a cyber-physical system based on optoelectronic scanning instrumentation has been enhanced by outliers and regression data mining feedback. The prototype has applications in (1) industrial manufacturing systems that include: robotic machinery, embedded vision, and motion control, (2) health care systems for measurement scanning, and (3) infrastructure by providing structural health monitoring. This paper presents new research performed in data processing of a 3D measurement vision sensing database. Outliers from multivariate data have been detected and removal to improve artificial intelligence regression algorithm results. Physical measurement error regression data has been used for 3D measurements error correction. Concluding, that the joint of physical phenomena, measurement and computation is an effectiveness action for feedback loops in the control of industrial, medical and civil tasks.     

小波系数压缩用于柴油十六烷值近红外光谱分析建模

近红外光谱分析建模中存在多变量高维数据处理问题,导致计算量大,不利于过程控制中应用.为此提出利用小波变换压缩近红外光谱数据的算法与准则,并结合柴油十六烷值定量分析研究压缩数据的建模效果.研究表明,经小波方法处理后,变量维数压缩30倍左右,光谱主要信息基本保留,而模型的预测精度和常规预处理方法分析相比有明显提高.光谱数据压缩的同时包含了噪声滤除和基线校正,简化数据处理步骤,有利于NIRS实际应用时提高建模效率.     

基于模糊处理的医疗信息数据存储系统的设计

为了提高医疗技术水平,加快医务人员对医疗信息数据的分析,使医疗信息数据运行更加顺畅,减少数据存储所占空间,需要对医疗信息数据存储系统进行设计。当前的医疗信息数据存储系统对医疗信息数据进行存储时,利用FPGA构建系统硬件,以硬件为基础将医疗信息数据存储,但在存储过程中,没有将冗余数据清除,导致存储空间易满,容量变小,存在正常医疗信息数据无处安放的问题。为此,提出一种基于模糊处理的医疗信息数据存储系统设计方法。该方法首先对医疗信息数据的来源进行统计,根据数据来源实现医疗数据的硬件构造,然后利用医疗信息数据中特征相似数据间的中介点实现数据聚类,完成对医疗信息数据的聚类存储,最后采用高斯混合模型对冗余医疗数据进行特征分析,以分析结果为基础,利用分数阶Fourier变换对冗余医疗信息数据进行删除操作,由此完成了基于模糊处理的医疗信息数据存储。实验结果证明,所提方法增加数据存储空间容量,减少对冗余数据的存储,加快医疗信息数据的存储速度,提高数据存储精度,为该领域研究发展提供强有力的依据。     

Optimal sensor placement for spatial lattice structure based on genetic algorithms

Optimal sensor placement technique plays a key role in structural health monitoring of spatial lattice structures. This paper considers the problem of locating sensors on a spatial lattice structure with the aim of maximizing the data information so that structural dynamic behavior can be fully characterized. Based on the criterion of optimal sensor placement for modal test, an improved genetic algorithm is introduced to find the optimal placement of sensors. The modal strain energy (MSE) and the modal assurance criterion (MAC) have been taken as the fitness function, respectively, so that three placement designs were produced. The decimal two-dimension array coding method instead of binary coding method is proposed to code the solution. Forced mutation operator is introduced when the identical genes appear via the crossover procedure. A computational simulation of a 12-bay plain truss model has been implemented to demonstrate the feasibility of the three optimal algorithms above. The obtained optimal sensor placements using the improved genetic algorithm are compared with those gained by exiting genetic algorithm using the binary coding method. Further the comparison criterion based on the mean square error between the finite element method (FEM) mode shapes and the Guyan expansion mode shapes identified by data-driven stochastic subspace identification (SSI-DATA) method are employed to demonstrate the advantage of the different fitness function. The results showed that some innovations in genetic algorithm proposed in this paper can enlarge the genes storage and improve the convergence of the algorithm. More importantly, the three optimal sensor placement methods can all provide the reliable results and identify the vibration characteristics of the 12-bay plain truss model accurately.     

The present situation and the prospect of medical cyclotrons in China

The paper introduces the increasing applications of cyclotrons in the field of health care and some major work carried out abroad. Its emphasis is placed on the introduction to the application status and the development process of medical cyclotrons in China. The paper has assessed possible developing trends of medical cyclotrons based on the current application demand and the technological development status.

     

"Alternative medical therapy" use among singers: prevalence and implications for the medical care of the singer.

Singers are extremely conscious of health problems that affect their voices and well-being and often take an active role in seeking care for these problems. They frequently seek treatment from providers or with modalities considered "alternative" to traditional medical care. A survey of singers was completed to elucidate their attitudes and practices regarding "alternative modalities" of medical care. Frequently singers will self-medicate or take advice from people not well versed in the special needs of a professional voice user. They will fail to share this information with the physician when seeking "traditional" medical care. These practices may predispose the singer to suboptimal or even dangerous care. These results are discussed, as well as the implications for the medical physician treating the singer. The possible detrimental pharmacologic effects of "natural therapies" widely used by singers are presented, with special attention to the particular concerns for the professional singer.     

主元分析在航空发动机关键系统状态识别中的应用

航空发动机是飞机的心脏,因此,对其状态识别进行研究,一直是业界研究并试图解决的热点问题之一。本文以某型真实发动机气路系统为具体研究对象,通过在专业试验平台对其各种运行状态进行试验,采集其大量试验数据,在对其深入分析的基础上,提出采用高压转子相对物理转速、发动机进口温度、发动机进口压力、压气机出口压力、25截面压气机进口温度、低压转子相对物理转速、低压涡轮后温度、低压涡轮后压力等8个主要参数进行状态识别的方法,首先对其进行标准化处理,再对其进行主元分析,采用主元贡献率法计算出主元个数,并据此构建状态识别模型,确定 统计量和SPE统计量。并以确定的 统计量和SPE统计量作为航空发动机气路系统状态健康与异常识别的标志,对航空发动机气路系统健康与否进行识别研究,研究结果表明,该方法可以很好识别出航空发动机气路系统的运行状态,对航空发动机实际运行及所处状态的识别具有重要的使用价值与工程指导意义。     

Single-receiver geoacoustic inversion using modal reversal

This paper introduces a single-receiver geoacoustic-inversion method based on dispersion analysis and adapted to low-frequency impulsive sources in shallow-water environments. In this context, most existing methods take advantage of the modal dispersion curves in the time-frequency domain. Inversion is usually performed by matching estimated dispersion curves with simulated replicas. The method proposed here is different. It considers the received modes in the frequency domain. The modes are transformed using an operator called modal reversal, which is parameterized using environmental parameters. When modal reversal is applied using parameters that match the real environment, dispersion is compensated for in all of the modes. In this case, the reversed modes are in phase and add up constructively, which is not the case when modal reversal is ill-parameterized. To use this phenomenon, a criterion that adds up the reversed modes has been defined. The geoacoustic inversion is finally performed by maximizing this criterion. The proposed method is benchmarked against simulated data, and it is applied to experimental data recorded during the Shallow Water 2006 experiment.     

GUIDELINES FOR WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION HEALTH SURVEILLANCE

There is strong epidemiological evidence that occupational exposure to WBV is associated with an increased risk of low back pain (LBP), sciatic pain, and degenerative changes in the spinal system, including lumbar intervertebral disc disorders. A prototype health surveillance scheme for WBV is presented in this paper. Surveillance is the collection, analysis, and dissemination of data for the purpose of prevention. The aims are to assess health status and diagnose vibration-induced disorders at an early stage, to inform the workers on the potential risk associated with vibration exposure, to give preventive advice to employers and employees and to control whether preventive measures which have been taken, were successful. It is suggested that a pre-placement health examination should be offered to each worker who will be exposed to WBV so as to make the worker aware of the hazards, to obtain baseline health data, and to identify medical conditions that may increase the risk due to WBV. The case history should focus on personal history, work history, and leisure activities involving driving of vehicles. The personal medical history should detail back pain complaints, disorders in the spine, any injuries or surgery to the musculoskeletal system. A physical examination on the lower back should be performed on workers who have experienced LBP symptoms over the past 12 months. The preplacement examination should be followed by periodic health reassessment with a regular interval according to the legislation of the country. It is suggested that periodic medical examination should be made available at least every 2 years to all workers who are exposed to WBV. Any change in vibration exposure at the workplace should be reported by the employer. If an increase in vibration exposure or a change in health status have occurred, the medical re-examination should be offered at shorter intervals at the discretion of the attending physician. There should be a periodic medical examination, which includes recording any change in exposure to WBV. The findings for the individual should be compared with previous examinations. Group data should also be compiled periodically. Medical removal may be considered along with re-placement in working practices without exposure to WBV. This paper presents opinions on health surveillance for whole-body vibration developed within a working group of partners funded on a European Community Network (BIOMED2 concerted action BMH4-CT98-3251: Research network on detection and prevention of injuries due to occupational vibration exposures). The health surveillance protocol and the draft questionnaire with explanation comments are presented for wider consideration by the science community and others before being considered appropriate for implementation.     

大型变电站分布式自动化检修系统设计

由于大型变电站中的磁场对人们身体健康产生不利影响,因此通常采取分布式自动化检修系统对大型变电站进行检修。但目前大型变电站分布式自动化检修系统主要是通过给变电站中每一个相关设备安装状态检测信号,利用串口将设备运行状态数据传输到监控系统,监控系统根据运行状态数据判定变电站中各设备状态,并根据各设备的状态向串口发送命令,串口执行相应操作,从而完成自动化检修系统设计。但这种方法无法对变电站中需要检修的节点进行定位,导致变电站设备检修存在效率低的问题。为此,提出一种基于RSSI的大型变电站分布式自动化检修系统设计方法,首先对大型变电站分布式自动化检修系统的模块进行设计,并分析各模块功能,对大型变电站分布式自动化检修系统各模块电路进行设计,保证系统正常运行,在此基础上,利用RSSI算法对系统软件进行设计,保证系统能够准确及时的对故障节点进行检修,从而实现大型变电站分布式自动化检修系统设计,实验证明,所提方法设计的大型变电站分布式自动化检修系统能够准确对变电站中故障节点进行定位,保证检修的准确性和及时性,为该课题的研究开拓新道路,推动该领域发展。     

Unsupervised Image Segmentation Using Hierarchical Clustering

In the analysis of a medical image database aimed at formulating useful knowledge for image diagnosis requires an unsupervised image processing technique without preconceived knowledge. In this paper, we propose a method for unsupervised image segmentation, which is suitable for finding the features contained in an image. A small region around each pixel is considered as a pattern vector, and the set of pattern vectors acquired from the whole image is classified using the hierarchical clustering technique. In hierarchical clustering, the classification of pattern vectors is divided into two clusters at each node according to the statistical criterion based on the entropy in thermodynamics. Results of the test image generated by the Markov random field (MRF) model and real medical images photomicrographs of a colon tumor are shown.     

Hyperspectral Imaging in the Medical Field: Present and Future

Abstract

Hyperspectral imaging is an optical method that provides a large amount of information about the investigated object. Its medical applications are reviewed in this article, including tumor delimitation and identification, assessing tissue perfusion and its pathological conditions (including some complications like diabetic foot ulceration), making accurate surgical decisions, evaluating the health of dental structures, etc. Many of the articles show very promising results that required brief comments by the authors. It is clear that choosing the appropriate hyperspectral imaging system for each medical field, together with the most reliable hyperspectral image processing methods, are the main goals of future studies, before hyperspectral imaging becomes a widely applicable evaluation method in medicine. The authors try to answer some questions on this topic and set up some directions for future research.     

狙击步枪瞄准线偏差测量与电击发控制研究

为了测量智能瞄具狙击步枪系统瞄准线偏差,控制击发时机并提高射击精度,提出了滤波加权融合方法与线性预测击发判据。运用卡尔曼预测滤波对脱靶量滞后进行补偿,得出瞄准线偏差; 将陀螺数据滤波后积分得出另一瞄准线偏差; 根据加权融合算法,得到加权融合后瞄准线偏差。建立了基于陀螺信号、融合信号和电动击发装置特性的线性预测击发判据; 搭建了dSPACE实验测试系统,进行了瞄准线偏差测量实验和模拟对比射击实验,结果表明:滤波加权融合后的信号基本可表示瞄准线实际偏差;在滤波加权融合方法与线性预测击发判据条件下模拟射击时,弹着点分布在0.05 mrad圆内的概率为85.7%,高于简单控制击发模式下53.33%的概率。     

“Alternative medical therapy” use among singers: Prevalence and implications for the medical care of the singer

Singers are extremely conscious of health problems that affect their voices and well-being and often take an active role in seeking care for these problems. They frequently seek treatment from providers or with modalities considered “alternative” to traditional medical care. A survey of singers was completed to elucidate their attitudes and practices regarding “alternative modalities” of medical care. Frequently singers will self-medicate or take advice from people not well versed in the special needs of a professional voice user. They will fail to share this information with the physician when seeking “traditional” medical care. These practices may predispose the singer to suboptimal or even dangerous care. These results are discussed, as well as the implications for the medical physician treating the singer. The possible detrimental pharmacologic effects of “natural therapies” widely used by singers are presented, with special attention to the particular concerns for the professional singer     

无人机健康诊断知识库建立研究

针对无人机健康诊断系统的设计,研究了健康诊断专家知识库的建立方法。介绍了基于规则的专家知识库的含义及其对无人机设计的要求,阐述了故障树与故障模式判据表的形成方法。故障树分析基于故障因果逻辑,逐层找出故障事件的原因,保证专家知识逻辑上的完备性。故障模式判据表将抽象的专家知识具体化为多个能够在工程上应用的要素。提出了一种故障树分析与故障判据规则相结合的建立健康诊断专家知识库的方法。从某型大气数据系统的组成及原理出发,以大气数据系统真空速失效为顶事件,构造了故障树和故障模式判据表。结果表明,结合故障树和故障模式判据表格构造的专家知识库清晰、简洁,具有很高的工程实用价值,能够应用于无人机健康诊断系统的设计。     

中国东北区域盛夏雨季的客观识别

鉴于我国东北三省雨季客观识别方法不尽相同,且无东北区域统一的雨季监测指标.为了更好地开展区域关键天气过程的客观化识别和监测,本文从区域角度出发,采用东北三省102站逐日降水量资料,通过对东北区域多年平均5点平滑处理的4月1日—10月31日逐日降水量序列的综合分析,及对历年逐日滑动平均雨量的对比试验,确定了东北盛夏雨季判别的阈值参数及通过阈值后的持续时间参数,进而研发了适合东北区域盛夏雨季开始和结束日期的客观识别方法.并采用美国环境预报中心和国家大气研究中心逐日再分析的风场、位势高度场资料,通过对盛夏雨季前、中、后期不同高度层大气环流场的对比分析,验证了该客观识别方法的合理性.结果表明,东北区域1981—2010年气候态平均的盛夏雨季的起止日期分别为每年的6月26日和8月30日.     

Calibration of a stochastic health evolution model using NHIS data

This paper presents and calibrates an individual’s stochastic health evolution model. In this health evolution model, the uncertainty of health incidents is described by a stochastic process with a finite number of possible outcomes. We construct a comprehensive health status index (HSI) to describe an individual’s health status, as well as a health risk factor system (RFS) to classify individuals into different risk groups. Based on the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method and the method of nonlinear least squares fitting, model calibration is formulated in terms of two mixed-integer nonlinear optimization problems. Using the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data, the model is calibrated for specific risk groups. Longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) is used to validate the calibrated model, which displays good validation properties. The end goal of this paper is to provide a model and methodology, whose output can serve as a crucial component of decision support for strategic planning of health related financing and risk management.     

Automatically Smoothing the Spectroscopic Data by Cubic B-Spline Basis Functions

In the present paper, a new criterion is derived to obtain the optimum fitting curve while using Cubic B-spline basis functions to remove the statistical noise in the spectroscopic data. In this criterion, firstly, smoothed fitting curves using Cubic B-spline basis functions are selected with the increasing knot number. Then, the best fitting curves are selected according to the value of the minimum residual sum of squares (RSS) of two adjacent fitting curves. In the case of more than one best fitting curves, the authors use Reinsch’s first condition to find a better one. The minimum residual sum of squares (RSS) of fitting curve with noisy data is not recommended as the criterion to determine the best fitting curve, because this value decreases to zero as the number of selected channels increases and the minimum value gives no smoothing effect. Compared with Reinsch’s method, the derived criterion is simple and enables the smoothing conditions to be determined automatically without any initial input parameter. With the derived criterion, the satisfactory result was obtained for the experimental spectroscopic data to remove the statistical noise using Cubic B-spline basis functions.