顺序注射-液芯波导-激光诱导荧光微流控电泳系统分析脱氧核糖核酸

报道了一种基于液芯波导的小型激光诱导荧光微流控分析系统及其在分离检测DNA样品中的应用。使用6 cm长Teflon AF涂覆的石英毛细管作为液芯波导管,同时作为电泳分离通道和荧光检测光路,将分离后样品的荧光信号传送到检测器。半导体激光器(LD)作为激发光源,产生的荧光信号在波导管出口收集。设计了一种特殊的出口储液池,直接使用滤光片作为液池的后壁并置于光电倍增管(PMT)窗口处,从而使全部检测系统仅由LD、LCW、滤光片和PMT四部件组成,达到了结构最简化。使用顺序注射(SI)系统实现了自动样品更新,该系统通过一种改进结构的可消除气泡的接口与微流控系统联接。采用这种联用系统实现了溴化乙锭(EB)标记的X174-HaeⅢ裂解液中11个脱氧核糖核酸片段的分离和聚合酶链反应扩增样品的检测。     

微流控细胞芯片LED诱导荧光检测微系统

基于微流控细胞芯片分析技术和微机电系统(MEMS)加工技术, 设计制作了阵列式微流控细胞检测芯片, 采用自组装的顶窗型光电倍增管(PMT)和信号采集电路采集芯片微管道内流动细胞的荧光信号, 构建了一种针对低浓度细胞悬浮液的微流控细胞芯片发光二极管(LED)诱导荧光的快速检测微系统, 实现了对低浓度(≤40 Cell/mL)荧光标记的HepG2肝癌细胞悬浮液样本的定量计数和测试, 而且在血液细胞共存的条件下, 仍可以有效地对血液中少量HepG2肝癌细胞进行荧光计数和测试. 整个系统结构简单, 操作方便且检测灵敏度较高.     

小型连续注样电泳芯片及集成化的激光诱导荧光检测系统

通过在芯片进样通道上设计一微孔进样阀,将连续进样系统耦联到芯片上,实现了试样的连续注人.并以小型半导体激光器为光源,借助光纤耦合技术,通过在芯片上设计光纤通道,将自组装的光纤耦合激光诱导荧光检测系统集成到芯片上.还研制了一种小型集成化的连续注样-激光诱导荧光检测电泳芯片分析系统.     

小型可连续进样微流控芯片分析的研制

报道了一种结构简单、可连续进样的小型控芯片分析仪的研制.顺序注射分析系统通过芯片上制作的接口将试样连续引入芯片,并采用自行设计的紧凑型光纤式激光诱导荧光检测器进行检测.该仪器用于芯片毛细管电泳分离实验室合成Cy5荧光染料,实现了连续进样和换样.峰高RSD为1.9%(n=11),试样通量35/h;相邻试样携出＜4%.     

纸芯片制作及其在化学发光法检测葡萄糖和尿酸中的应用

纸芯片是一类新型的个性化诊断器件,可快速、廉价、简便地进行多组分分析.采用光刻法制备了一维和二维纸芯片(μPADs),并对不同通道芯片检测所需的样品体积进行理论估算.同时利用葡萄糖氧化酶-葡萄糖反应产生过氧化氢诱导鲁米诺化学发光,在纸芯片上检测葡萄糖,线性范围为2.0×10-4～9.0×10-4mol/L,检出限为5....     

小型可连续进样微流控芯片分析仪的研制

报道了一种结构简单、可连续进样的小型微流控芯片分析仪的研制。顺序注射分析系统通过芯片上制作的接口将试样连续引入芯片 ,并采用自行设计的紧凑型光纤式激光诱导荧光检测器进行检测。该仪器用于芯片毛细管电泳分离实验室合成Cy5荧光染料 ,实现了连续进样和换样。峰高RSD为 1 .9% (n=1 1 ) ,试样通量 3 5 h ;相邻试样携出 <4%。     

负压驱动皮升级等温核酸精确定量微流控芯片

精准医疗急需更加精确、灵敏、方便快捷的核酸定量方法。设计开发了一种结合双荧光等温扩增的高密度皮升级核酸定量微流控芯片。芯片采用多层软光刻技术制成,有3个反应通道,每通道有40 000个反应小室,共120 576个皮升级反应小室,反应小室的密度达7 000/cm~2。芯片利用负压驱动样品精确分配,热凝固油相封闭小室,无需阀门及其他仪器辅助。芯片中嵌入的氟硅烷纳米涂层能有效地阻止反应过程中水蒸气的散失。以乙肝病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)质粒作为模板,进行等温多底物自配引发扩增(isothermal multiple self-matchinginitiated amplification,IMSA),测试芯片定量性能。芯片检测模板的动态范围达6个数量级,可检测的最大模板量为36μL中1.13×10~6拷贝数核酸。该装置具有定量精确、灵敏、快捷、操作简单等优势,可用于精准检测。     

基于RNA杂交的马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒检测芯片

报道了一种检测植物类病毒RNA的新方法——RNA杂交芯片技术, 即将cDNA芯片技术与RNA斑点杂交技术相结合, 将马铃薯样品的总RNA直接固定在玻片上, 用荧光标记制备检测马铃薯纺锤块茎类病毒(PSTVd)的特异探针, 探针与芯片杂交后分析杂交信号以确定相应的样品有无PSTVd侵染. 参照膜杂交的方法, 确定了RNA芯片的制备条件, 并用以检测了马铃薯样品的PSTVd侵染情况, 检测结果与RT-PCR结果相符, 阳性产物经克隆测序证实为PSTVd.     

毛细管电泳与芯片毛细管电泳的双检测技术

综述了毛细管电泳和芯片毛细管电泳的3种双检测技术,包括荧光-散射等光学双检测技术、安培-非接触电导等电化学双检测技术和荧光-非接触电导等光电联用双检测技术.介绍了3种双检测方法的仪器的检测原理及应用,并展望了双检测技术的发展前景.引用文献54篇.     

532 nm激光诱导荧光毛细管阵列电泳仪的研制

基于共聚焦激光诱导荧光检测技术,研制了一台旋转扫描高效毛细管阵列电泳装置.以波长为532nm的半导体二极管激光器作为激发光源,多根毛细管阵列采用圆形布局,微型高速直流电机带动旋转反射镜进行激光扫描,加快了数据采集的速度;采用旋转编码器实现了毛细管的定位与位置读出,并触发数据采集系统进行荧光信号采集.以罗丹明6G和罗丹明B为分析样品,考察了16通道毛细管阵列电泳仪的基本性能.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.