静态顶空-气相色谱法在烟草行业中的应用进展

综述了静态顶空-气相色谱法的发展现状、原理、技术类型、影响因素及其在烟草行业中的应用。主要介绍了在烟草挥发性成分、卷烟烟气挥发性成分、烟用添加剂挥发性成分及烟用辅料挥发性成分等方面的测定,并简要介绍了其应用前景(引用文献56篇)。     

原子吸收光谱法在烟草行业中的应用进展

对1961～2011年间3种类型的原子吸收光谱法,包括火焰原子吸收光谱法、石墨炉原子吸收光谱法和蒸气发生原子吸收光谱法在烟草行业中的应用进行了综述(引用文献63篇)。     

气体传感器和电子鼻

通过实例介绍了气体传感器的原理及应用，并对以气体传感器为基础，模拟生物体嗅觉系统的智能型传感器———电子鼻，做了简单介绍。     

应用电子鼻检测食源性致病菌的研究

建立了一种快速检测食源性致病菌的电子鼻方法,并利用电子鼻技术检测细菌培养液的挥发性代谢产物。首先,利用主成分分析法对所得样品信息进行区分,结果显示该技术能够很好区分不同培养时间的单增李斯特菌(L.monocytogenes),并表明在培养8h后该菌的挥发性代谢产物发生了显著性的变化。然后,利用偏最小二乘法分析了培养液中的单增李斯特菌数量与电子鼻信号的线性关系,线性范围在106~108CFU/mL之间,相关系数R2=0.9937。     

应用电子鼻检测香烟质量的研究

电子鼻又称气味扫描仪,是80年代末90年代初出现的一项新颖仿生检测技术,它将电化学传感器检测、数模转换、计算技术、化学计量学及人工神经网络等现代高科技集中于一身,模仿生物感官-鼻子的功能,能鉴别和判断带有气味的各种样品,包括气体、液体和固体的物质.     

纳米多孔金在分析化学中的应用进展

纳米多孔金作为一种新型纳米金属材料,近年来逐渐受到了研究者的广泛关注,其具有比表面积高、导电性好和结构灵活可控等特点。由于其特殊的结构与性质,纳米多孔金在催化、传感、分离、能源等许多领域已得到广泛地应用。本文综述了近五年来纳米多孔金在分析化学中的应用和最新进展。     

纳米材料在电化学分子印迹传感器中的应用进展

本文对近年来纳米材料在电化学分子印迹传感器中的应用做了概述.重点介绍了石墨烯,金纳米材料,银纳米材料,钯纳米材料,碳纳米管以及纳米粒子混合分子材料在电化学分子印迹传感器中的应用.并对纳米材料在电化学分子印迹传感器中的应用前景进行了探讨.     

纳米信号放大技术在液晶生物传感器中的应用进展

液晶生物传感器是一种基于液晶垂直取向变化构建的新型生物传感器,因其具有特异性好、灵敏度高、检测限低等优点,被广泛用来检测生物分子。在对生物分子的检测过程中,纳米信号放大技术在液晶生物传感器中扮演着重要的角色。本文综述了液晶生物传感器的制备方法及近年来国内外纳米信号放大技术在液晶生物传感器检测中的研究进展,最后展望了新型纳米材料信号放大技术在液晶生物传感器中的研究方向。     

亲和层析在蛋白质研究中的应用进展

文中介绍了生物、免疫、固定化金属离子拟生物几类常规亲和层析的原理及其在蛋白质分离纯化以及分析鉴定方面的应用（引用文献25篇）。     

Characterization of Tobacco Leaves by Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy and Electronic Nose with Support Vector Machine

The determination of different regions of tobacco leaves is vital in the tobacco industry. Different parts of tobacco leaves produce varying flavors due to the different chemical compositions. Here, near infrared spectroscopy and electronic nose were combined with support vector machine to predict the parts of tobacco leaves. Comparing to the single data model as near infrared spectroscopy with support vector machine or electronic nose with support vector machine, near infrared spectroscopy and electronic nose with support vector machine model show higher accuracy. The accuracy of near infrared spectroscopy and electronic nose with support vector machine model is 95.31%, while the accuracy of leave-one-out cross-validation is 79.69%. The optimal model was then applied to 60 unknown tobacco samples from different parts of tobacco leaves to test its accuracy, which is 81.67%.     

电子鼻测定植物挥发性有机物方法研究

建立了电子鼻技术(GC/SAW)快速实时检测植物挥发性有机物(BVOCS)的分析方法。考察了检测器温度、进样温度、柱温、升温速率等因素的影响,确定了电子鼻技术分析BVOCS的最佳条件为:检测器温度60℃、进样口温度100℃、柱温40～145℃(10℃/s)、阀温145℃、预浓缩管250℃、载气流速3mL/min。在上述条件下,测得不同时间(日内、日间)α-蒎烯和异戊二烯分别在0.027～8.580mg·L-1、0.425～68.100mg·L-1范围内线性良好;α-蒎烯和异戊二烯的回收率分别在90.74%～107.41%和91.29%～102.88%之间;相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于5%;检测限在0.2～1.0μg·L-1内。     

基于Flash GC电子鼻全色谱数据的卷烟类型快速判别的研究

采用Flash GC全谱数据,通过支持向量机(SVM)技术,较好地识别A品牌和非A品牌卷烟,A品牌一、二和三价类卷烟,以及A品牌Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ和Ⅴ风格卷烟,但Ⅳ和Ⅴ风格较为接近,无法完全区分。由于每一种样本均具有特征指纹色谱,全色谱数据能够反映不同样本之间的微小差异。利用支持向量机构建预测模型,采用线性核函数和全色谱数据,获得了较高的预测结果。     

Comparative Analysis of Acanthopanacis Cortex and Periplocae Cortex Using an Electronic Nose and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHMs) can be identified by experts according to their odors. However, the identification of these medicines is subjective and requires long-term experience. The samples of Acanthopanacis Cortex and Periplocae Cortex used were dried cortexes, which are often confused in the market due to their similar appearance, but their chemical composition and odor are different. The clinical use of the two herbs is different, but the phenomenon of being confused with each other often occurs. Therefore, we used an electronic nose (E-nose) to explore the differences in odor information between the two species for fast and robust discrimination, in order to provide a scientific basis for avoiding confusion and misuse in the process of production, circulation and clinical use. In this study, the odor and volatile components of these two medicinal materials were detected by the E-nose and by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. An E-nose combined with pattern analysis methods such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) was used to discriminate the cortex samples. The E-nose was used to determine the odors of the samples and enable rapid differentiation of Acanthopanacis Cortex and Periplocae Cortex. GC-MS was utilized to reveal the differences between the volatile constituents of Acanthopanacis Cortex and Periplocae Cortex. In all, 82 components including 9 co-contained components were extracted by chromatographic peak integration and matching, and 24 constituents could be used as chemical markers to distinguish these two species. The E-nose detection technology is able to discriminate between Acanthopanacis Cortex and Periplocae Cortex, with GC-MS providing support to determine the material basis of the E-nose sensors’ response. The proposed method is rapid, simple, eco-friendly and can successfully differentiate these two medicinal materials by their odors. It can be applied to quality control links such as online detection, and also provide reference for the establishment of other rapid detection methods. The further development and utilization of this technology is conducive to the further supervision of the quality of CHMs and the healthy development of the industry.     

用于测定空气中甲醛的电子鼻

制作了可定量检测空气中甲醛的便携式电子鼻.该电子鼻由传感器阵列、信号调理电路、模式识别系统以及显示系统等4个部分组成,其中传感器阵列为4个半导体金属氧化物传感器.模式识别系统采用模糊神经网络算法.便携式甲醛电子鼻对甲醛气体响应专一,抗干扰能力强,且定量结果精确,可用于甲醛气体的现场检测.对于0.001～0.25mg/L浓度范围内的甲醛气体,电子鼻定量测报的正确率达到81.3%;对于干扰气体存在下的甲醛气体,未出现错误测报.     

Breathing Rhythm Variations during Wash-In Do Not Influence Exhaled Volatile Organic Compound Profile Analyzed by an Electronic Nose

E-noses are innovative tools used for exhaled volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis, which have shown their potential in several diseases. Before obtaining a full validation of these instruments in clinical settings, a number of methodological issues still have to be established. We aimed to assess whether variations in breathing rhythm during wash-in with VOC-filtered air before exhaled air collection reflect changes in the exhaled VOC profile when analyzed by an e-nose (Cyranose 320). We enrolled 20 normal subjects and randomly collected their exhaled breath at three different breathing rhythms during wash-in: (a) normal rhythm (respiratory rate (RR) between 12 and 18/min), (b) fast rhythm (RR > 25/min) and (c) slow rhythm (RR < 10/min). Exhaled breath was collected by a previously validated method (Dragonieri et al., J. Bras. Pneumol. 2016) and analyzed by the e-nose. Using principal component analysis (PCA), no significant variations in the exhaled VOC profile were shown among the three breathing rhythms. Subsequent linear discriminant analysis (LDA) confirmed the above findings, with a cross-validated accuracy of 45% (p = ns). We concluded that the exhaled VOC profile, analyzed by an e-nose, is not influenced by variations in breathing rhythm during wash-in.     

烟草及烟用香精香料中氨基酸检测方法研究进展

烟草及烟用香精香料中氨基酸的含量对烟草品质有着直接而重要的影响,因此有必要进行准确定性定量分析.氨基酸检测方法可分为直接检测法和间接检测法两大类,间接检测法又可分为柱前衍生法和柱后衍生法.分析了每种方法的优缺点以及常用的衍生化试剂,以期为进行氨基酸分析的研究者提供参考.     

烟草制品及烟气中重金属检测方法的研究进展

从烟草制品及其烟气的前处理方法和检测方法两方面对烟草中重金属含量测定的研究进展进行了综述。重点介绍了湿法消解、微波消解、萃取和悬浮进样技术等样品前处理方法,以及原子光谱法、质谱法和液相色谱法等测定方法。列举了不同方法的灵敏度、准确性和适用范围,对各方法的优缺点进行了比较,并对烟草中重金属检测方法的发展进行了展望。     

二维气相色谱技术及其在烟草行业中的应用

二维气相色谱的应用大大提高了分析能力,而与飞行时间质谱的联用更使其达到一个新的高度。介绍了二维气相色谱的原理、优越性及不足,以及与飞行时间质谱联用的技术进展。综述了近年来该技术在各行业特别在烟草行业中的应用,展望了二维气相色谱在烟草行业中的应用前景。