有机锑化合物在交叉偶联反应中的应用研究进展

近年来,有机锑化合物在交叉偶联反应中的应用引起了人们的广泛关注。本文主要对有机锑化合物在交叉偶联反应中的应用作了综述,重点介绍了其在Suzuki交叉偶联反应、Heck偶联反应以及Sonogashira偶联反应中的应用,并展望了其未来的发展方向。     

深共融溶剂在有机合成中的应用

深共融溶剂是一种新型绿色溶剂,与传统的有机溶剂相比,其具有低蒸气压、 不易燃、 稳定性好、 无毒性、 生物降解性、 可回收和廉价易得等优点。深共融溶剂作为新型溶剂,应用前景广泛。本文综述了近几年其作为新型的反应介质或催化剂用于传统的有机合成反应的最新研究成果,主要从卤代反应、Diels-Alder反应、Knoevenagel缩合、Henry反应、Perkin反应、Paal-Knorr反应和Biginelli反应等方面对其进行综述,最后展望了深共融溶剂在有机反应中的发展前景。     

S-苯并噻吩盐的合成的方法及其反应的研究进展

综述了近年来合成苯并噻吩盐的多种方法,讨论了其存在的优缺点,并详细介绍了S-苯基苯并噻吩盐的[4+2]Diels-Alder反应、加热反应、光解反应以及开环反应,并对其发展前景做出了展望.     

Cu(I)催化的多组分反应的研究进展

综述了Cu(I)催化的多组分反应的最新研究进展, 详细地介绍了各个反应的底物要求、反应条件、反应选择性、产率以及机理的研究. 同时, 还讨论了其优缺点, 并对其发展加以展望.     

钯催化的交叉偶联反应——2010年诺贝尔化学奖获奖工作介绍

钯催化的交叉偶联反应是非常实用的合成新方法.文章给出了Heck反应、Negishi反应和Suzuki反应的概念,对其反应机理作了详细的说明,并对其在复杂化合物和天然产物全合成中的应用作了评价.     

有机钯配合物在催化反应中的应用研究进展

有机钯配合物由于其优异的催化性能在有机催化反应中得到了广泛应用.作者综述了有机钯配合物催化剂在聚合反应、偶联反应、羰基化反应、氧化反应及加氢反应等方面的应用研究进展,同时对其发展方向与应用前景进行了展望.     

胜利褐煤燃烧中未反应残留物结构特性及铁的添加效应

利用TGA确定胜利褐煤盐酸脱灰煤和添加铁组分脱灰煤的着火温度,在着火温度进行燃烧反应,收集燃烧反应一定时间后的未反应残留物,利用FT-IR、XPS、XRD和Raman等对其进行表征,研究了胜利褐煤燃烧过程中铁的影响规律。结果表明,铁的加入降低脱灰胜利褐煤的着火温度,当添加量为3.50%时,着火温度降低的幅度最大。在着火温度燃烧反应一定时间后未反应残留物的FT-IR表明,其有机官能团结构无显著变化,说明铁的添加并不影响其有机官能团结构特性,有机官能团不会对燃烧性能产生太大的影响。添加铁使SL+在燃烧过程中未反应残留物结构芳香度下降,晶面间距增大,晶体结构中缺陷位相对增加,石墨化程度降低,烷基侧链增多,碳氧结构迅速减少,说明铁组分的加入改变了其燃烧过程中碳氧结构转化特性,抑制了石墨化转化速率与程度,即在燃烧反应过程中改变了其未反应残留物的微结构,从而改变了其反应历程,加速燃烧反应速率。     

H+NH3反应势能面的量子化学研究

本文采用UCCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ方法研究了H NH3反应势能面,获得了夺氢反应和交换反应过渡态的的几何结构和振动频率。夺氢反应的过渡态具有Cs对称性,其能垒为61.92 kJ/mol。交换反应的过渡态具有C3v对称性,其能垒为39.69 kJ/mol。H NH3发生形成Td对称性的反应中间体NH4里德堡自由基。与夺氢反应相比,交换反应具有更低的反应能垒,并且NH4自由基在反应中可形成长寿命的共振态,和夺氢反应形成竞争关系,因此在H NH3反应的量子动力学研究中必须同时考虑这两类反应。本文还采用更大的基组aug-cc-pVQZ和aug-cc-pV5Z研究了势能面对基组的收敛行为。     

Baeyer—Villiger反应中的氧化剂

对Ｂａｅｙｅｒ－Ｖｉｌｌｉｇｅｒ反应所有的氧化剂进行了总结,展示了其发展历程和反应特点以及在有机合成中的运用;分析了这一反应的不足之处并展望其未来的发展趋势。     

金属参与的水相烯丙基化反应

近30年来,水介质中碳-碳键的形成一直是研究的热点,其优越性也逐渐被人们所认知。在已发现的水相金属有机反应中,水相烯丙基化反应是研究得较多和较深入的反应之一。水相烯丙基化反应由于其发展速度较快,新的金属及金属体系参与的烯丙基化反应以及水相烯丙基化反应的机理研究不断被报道。本文综述了水相中金属参与烯丙基化反应的最新研究进展,并对新的反应机理作了简要的阐述。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.