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钙基载氧体煤化学链燃烧脱硫试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在钙基载氧体燃煤化学链燃烧技术过程中由于煤气化产物与载氧体之间的副反应导致反应过程中产生大量的SO2气体。本文选择MAC铁矿石,CaO和石灰石作为脱硫剂,在小型加压固定床上研究不同温度、压力、Ca/S比条件下SO2气体的脱除问题。结果表明,单独采用CaSO4载氧体时,随温度升高SO2气体浓度逐渐增加。添加铁矿石后,SO2排放浓度降低,主要与Fe2O3能够催化抑制CaSO4分解有关。添加CaO和石灰石脱硫剂后,随温度、压力以及Ca/S比增加,两种脱硫剂的脱硫效率均增加,且在相同的实验条件下得到的CaO的脱硫效果更佳。 相似文献
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为优化煤焦油化学链热解的工况参数,采用Fe/Al复合载氧体在小型流化床反应器内进行了煤焦油化学链热解实验,考察了燃料反应器温度、载氧体/煤焦油摩尔比及反应时间对热解结果的影响,对炭黑收率、气相产物的体积分数进行分析,并计算了实验系统的碳平衡及能量转化率。结果表明,炭黑收率随温度和载氧体/煤焦油摩尔比升高先增后减,在温度950℃和摩尔比3时达到最大,气相产物中CO和H2体积份额为70%左右,继续升高炉温和摩尔比会降低CO份额。系统碳平衡为95.5%以上,误差较小,则系统能量转化率最高可达到87%.通过表观气速变化改变反应时间从2.1s增大到3.5s时,炭黑收率及能量转化率无明显变化,由此确定了化学链热解煤焦油的优化运行参数. 相似文献
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当一束具有一定能量和强度的电子束轰击超高真空系统中残余的水汽、一氧化碳和二氧化碳时,将导致这些气体分子通过如下反应:H2O→Oad+H2,CO2→Oad+CO,CO→Oad+Cad分解并共吸于镍表面。碳和氧的原子各自占据镍(001)面部份四重吸附位置,形成结构为p(2×2)或c(2×2)的许多独立的吸附畴,电子束轰击促进畴的成核、长大、连结和有序化。当氧和碳的原子占据了镍(001)面约一半的四重吸附位后,上述吸附反应将与导致氧和碳的脱附反应:C*+Oad→CO,O*+Cad→CO平衡,氧化镍与碳化镍开始成核。由于残余含氧气体中氧的含量超过碳,氧化镍成核占优势,使碳的吸附被排斥,已吸附的碳被排挤,形成电子束斑内氧高碳低、束斑外碳高氧低的“互补”分布。电子束轰击过程中碳的俄歇峰形的变化反映着碳原子与基底原子的不同结合状态。电子束的解离效应在吸附的初始阶段起重要作用,而其热效应对氧化镍的长大起重要作用。
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基于相图计算,制备了三种碳酸盐-氯盐体系混合盐,利用同步热分析仪对所配制熔盐的熔点、潜热、初晶点、分解温度进行了测定,选出性能较好的混合盐,进而对其进行比热测试、热循环稳定性测试和蓄热成本计算。结果表明,0.18K2CO3-0.14Na2CO3-0.68NaCl混合盐具有较低的熔点、较高的潜热与分解温度和良好的热循环稳定性,与Li2CO3-Na2CO3-K2CO3混合熔盐相比具有更低的相变蓄热成本。 相似文献
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本文利用原位低场核磁共振(LF-NMR)技术在真实固液反应环境中对光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)反应进行了定量研究,并对Ag纳米颗粒负载量不同的Ag担载石墨相氮化碳复合光催化剂(Ag/g-C3N4)在可见光照射下催化Cr(Ⅵ)还原为Cr(Ⅲ)的性能进行了研究.研究发现,Ag纳米颗粒负载(负载量分别为1 wt.%、2 wt.%、5 wt.%和10 wt.%)可以有效提高g-C3N4的光催化性能;且负载量为5 wt.%时光催化性能最优,为无Ag负载的g-C3N4的4倍.此外,本文还通过横向弛豫时间(T2)定量分析了反应体系中顺磁性Cr(Ⅲ)离子的浓度,证实了采用LF-NMR弛豫法评价光催化Cr(Ⅵ)还原反应性能的可行性. 相似文献
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采用高温还原法合成了一种新型无稀土掺杂Y2O2S:0.09Ti长余辉发光材料。基于助熔剂种类对长余辉发光材料特性的重要作用,选择了对余辉衰减初期和后期余辉强度有明显作用的Li2CO3和K3PO4两种助熔剂,研究了不同配比(以下用x表示,x=Li2CO3/(Li2CO3+K3PO4))的复合助熔剂对Y2O2S:0.09Ti磷光体晶体结构和发光性能的作用,以获得具有较好综合发光性能的Y2O2S:0.09Ti磷光体。采用PL光谱和余辉测试仪对材料的发光特性进行了表征,用XRD研究了其晶体结构的变化。XRD结果表明,在复合助熔剂范围内(x=0~1.0)均可获得单相性的Y2O2S:0.09Ti磷光体。同时发现复合助熔剂比例不同制备的样品中,Y2O2S:0.09Ti磷光体晶体择优取向也发生明显的变化,且高比例Li2CO3有助于Y2O2S:0.09Ti磷光体的晶体形成。复合助熔剂比例x对样品的激发峰与发射谱主峰位置(565nm)基本没有影响;但助熔剂比例x对发射峰强度则有明显影响,随着x增加,该磷光体的发光强度先增后减,在x=0.8时发光强度最大。 相似文献
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采用柠檬酸络合法制备了不同KNO3负载量的xK-Ce0.5Mn0.5O2系列催化剂,采用热重分析仪对其催化碳烟颗粒(PM)的活性进行评价,并用Coats-Redfern法进行氧化动力学分析,同时采用XRD,H2-TPR,Raman,XPS等技术对催化剂样品内部结构进行探究。结果表明:KNO3负载使得少部分钾离子进入晶格内部,导致铈锰固溶体产生更多晶格缺陷,提高了催化剂中活性氧的含量。其余的KNO3则与Mn物种发生反应产生了具有更高催化活性的钾锰矿,改变了碳烟与催化剂的接触状态,提升了催化剂的活性。催化剂活性与KNO3的负载量也有一定关系,当x=0.2时,催化剂的活性达到最佳,碳烟氧化所需要的活化能最低。 相似文献
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《Journal of voice》2022,36(4):585.e27-585.e37
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Journal of Statistical Physics - We study the large-time behavior of continuum alignment dynamics based on Cucker–Smale (CS)-type interactions which involve short-range kernels, that is,... 相似文献
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Homogeneous isotropic, anisotropic, and inhomogeneous cosmological models are studied using Einstein's general relativity with quntum corrections in field theoretical approximation. In particular we discuss coherent scalar fields and curvature squared terms in the gravitational Lagrangian. The conformal equivalence of the field equations of fourth order to general relativity with a scalar field as source is an example of the geometrization of a matter field. The aemiclassical quantum eorrections of the scalar fields can avoid the initial cosmological singularity and they lead to an inflationary evolution stage as transient attrator. The review provides new points of view on questions like the probability of the inflationary stage and the question of mechanisms for multiple inflation. 相似文献
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Nadine P. Connor Stacy B. Cohen Shannon M. Theis Susan L. Thibeault Diane G. Heatley Diane M. Bless 《Journal of voice》2008,22(2):197-209
SUMMARY: Because voice disorders in childhood may have a negative impact on communicative effectiveness, social development, and self-esteem, the objective was to determine the impact of voice disorders on lives of children from the perspective of chronically dysphonic children and their parents. This study consisted of focused interviews with chronically dysphonic children and their caregivers. Focused interviews were conducted with 10 children in each of the following age groups: Toddler (2-4 years old), Young Child (5-7 years old), School-Aged Child (8-12 years old), and Adolescent (13-18 years old). Interview questions were formulated to elicit attitudes in the following conceptual domains: emotional, social/functional, and physical. Interviews were transcribed and subjected to systematic qualitative analyses that identified common themes within each age group for each conceptual domain. For Toddlers, interviews relied heavily on parents and the biggest concerns were found in the physical and functional domains. Young Children expressed that their biggest issues related to voice were physical ("run out of air," "sometimes voice does not work"). Ninety percent of Young Children were repeatedly asked to use a quieter voice. Emotional factors and physical factors were prominent in the interviews of School-Aged Children and Adolescents. Children and Adolescents often felt that their dysphonic voice received undue attention and also limited their participation in important events. Anger, sadness, and frustration were also expressed. Chronic dysphonia negatively affects the lives of children. This work will serve as the basis for development of a valid, reliable, and age-appropriate measure of voice-related quality of life in children. 相似文献
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Anjan Biswas 《International Journal of Theoretical Physics》2010,49(1):79-83
This paper obtains the exact 1-soliton solution to the chiral nonlinear Schrödinger’s equation with time-dependent coefficients. Both bright and dark soliton solutions are obtained. The soliton ansatz method is used to carry out the derivation of the soliton. 相似文献