Conformal upper bounds for the eigenvalues of the Laplacian and Steklov problem

In this paper, we find upper bounds for the eigenvalues of the Laplacian in the conformal class of a compact Riemannian manifold (M,g). These upper bounds depend only on the dimension and a conformal invariant that we call “min-conformal volume”. Asymptotically, these bounds are consistent with the Weyl law and improve previous results by Korevaar and Yang and Yau. The proof relies on the construction of a suitable family of disjoint domains providing supports for a family of test functions. This method is interesting for itself and powerful. As a further application of the method we obtain an upper bound for the eigenvalues of the Steklov problem in a domain with C¹ boundary in a complete Riemannian manifold in terms of the isoperimetric ratio of the domain and the conformal invariant that we introduce.     

Eigenvalue gaps for the Cauchy process and a Poincaré inequality

A connection between the semigroup of the Cauchy process killed upon exiting a domain D and a mixed boundary value problem for the Laplacian in one dimension higher known as the mixed Steklov problem, was established in [R. Bañuelos, T. Kulczycki, The Cauchy process and the Steklov problem, J. Funct. Anal. 211 (2004) 355-423]. From this, a variational characterization for the eigenvalues λn, n?1, of the Cauchy process in D was obtained. In this paper we obtain a variational characterization of the difference between λn and λ₁. We study bounded convex domains which are symmetric with respect to one of the coordinate axis and obtain lower bound estimates for λ_∗−λ₁ where λ_∗ is the eigenvalue corresponding to the “first” antisymmetric eigenfunction for D. The proof is based on a variational characterization of λ_∗−λ₁ and on a weighted Poincaré-type inequality. The Poincaré inequality is valid for all α symmetric stable processes, 0<α?2, and any other process obtained from Brownian motion by subordination. We also prove upper bound estimates for the spectral gap λ₂−λ₁ in bounded convex domains.     

Isoparametric finite-element approximation of a Steklov eigenvalue problem

We study the isoparametric variant of the finite-element method(FEM) for an approximation of Steklov eigenvalue problems forsecond-order, selfadjoint, elliptic differential operators.Error estimates for eigenfunctions and eigenvalues are derived.We prove the same estimate for eigenvalues as that obtainedin the case of conforming finite elements provided that theboundary of the domain is well approximated. Some algorithmicaspects arising from the FE isoparametric discretization ofthe Steklov problems are analysed. We finish this paper withnumerical results confirming the considered theory.     

Local and parallel finite element algorithms for the Steklov eigenvalue problem

Based on the work of Xu and Zhou [Math Comput 69 (2000) 881–909], we propose and analyze in this article local and parallel finite element algorithms for the Steklov eigenvalue problem. We also prove a local error estimate which is suitable for the case that the locally refined region contains singular points lying on the boundary of domain, which is an improvement of the existing results. Numerical experiments are reported finally to validate our theoretical analysis. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 32: 399–417, 2016     

An optimization problem for nonlinear Steklov eigenvalues with a boundary potential

In this paper, we analyze an optimization problem for the first (nonlinear) Steklov eigenvalue plus a boundary potential with respect to the potential function which is assumed to be uniformly bounded and with fixed L¹$L^1$-norm.     

Steklov特征值问题的一种有效的Legendre-Galerkin谱逼近

本文给出Steklov特征值问题基于Legendre-Galerkin逼近的一种有效的谱方法.首先利用Legendre多项式构造了一组适当的基函数使得离散变分形式中的矩阵是稀疏的,然后推导了2维及3维情形下离散变分形式基于张量积的矩阵形式,由此可以快速地计算出离散的特征值和特征向量.文章还给出了误差分析和数值试验,数值结果表明本文提出的方法是稳定和有效的.     

Spectral approximation of variationally-posed eigenvalue problems by nonconforming methods

This paper deals with the nonconforming spectral approximation of variationally posed eigenvalue problems. It is an extension to more general situations of known previous results about nonconforming methods. As an application of the present theory, convergence and optimal order error estimates are proved for the lowest order Crouzeix–Raviart approximation of the eigenpairs of two representative second-order elliptical operators.     

Spectral Galerkin approximation and rigorous error analysis for the Steklov eigenvalue problem in circular domain

In this paper, we present spectral Galerkin approximation and rigorous error analysis for the Steklov eigenvalue problem in a circular domain. First of all, we use the polar coordinate transformation and technique of separation of variables to reduce the problem to a sequence of equivalent 1‐dimensional eigenvalue problems that can be solved individually in parallel. Then, we derive the pole conditions and introduce weighted Sobolev space according to pole conditions. Together with the approximate properties of orthogonal polynomials, we prove the error estimates of approximate eigenvalues for each 1‐dimensional eigenvalue problem. Finally, we provide some numerical experiments to validate the theoretical results and algorithms.     

On Hardy–Steklov and geometric Steklov operators

A new (non‐Muckenhoupt type) weight characterization for the boundedness of the general Hardy–Steklov operator is obtained in the case 1 < p ≤ q < ∞. The estimates obtained for the norm of the Hardy–Steklov operator allow the limiting procedure and as a result the boundedness of the corresponding geometric Steklov operator is investigated. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

An expansion theorem for an eigenvalue problem of an arbitrary multiply connected domain with an eigenparameter in a general type of boundary conditions

The object of this paper is to establish an expansion theorem for a regular right-definite eigenvalue problem with an eigenvalue parameter which is contained in the Schrödinger partial differential equation and in a general type of boundary conditions on the boundary of an arbitrary multiply connected bounded domain inR ⁿ (n2). We associate with this problem an essentially self-adjoint operator in a suitably defined Hilbert space and then we develop an associated eigenfunction expansion theorem.     

Upper bounds for Steklov eigenvalues of submanifolds in Euclidean space via the intersection index

We obtain upper bounds for the Steklov eigenvalues ${\sigma }_k(M)$ of a smooth, compact, n-dimensional submanifold M of Euclidean space with boundary Σ that involve the intersection indices of M and of Σ. One of our main results is an explicit upper bound in terms of the intersection index of Σ, the volume of Σ and the volume of M as well as dimensional constants. By also taking the injectivity radius of Σ into account, we obtain an upper bound that has the optimal exponent of k with respect to the asymptotics of the Steklov eigenvalues as $k\to \infty$.     

The Mechanical Quadrature Methods and Their Extrapolation for Solving BIE of Steklov Eigenvalue Problems

By means of the potential theory Steklov eigenvalue problems are transformed into general eigenvalue problems of boundary integral equations (BIE) with the logarithmic singularity.Using the quadrature rules, the paper presents quadrature methods for BIE of Steklov eigenvalue problem, which possess high accuracies O(h^3) and low computing complexities. Moreover, an asymptotic expansion of the errors with odd powers is shown. Using h^3-Richardson extrapolation, we can not only improve the accuracy order of approximations, but also derive a posterior estimate as adaptive algorithms. The efficiency of the algorithm is illustrated by some examples.     

On a Sturm-Liouville problem

In this paper we give a lower bound for the first eigenvalue of an ordinary differential operator which represents the radial part of the Laplace operator restricted to a spherical cap of a sphere, possibly of fractional dimension. The results are obtained by purely analytical methods.Research supported by CONICIT.     

On the complexity of the multivariate Sturm–Liouville eigenvalue problem

We study the complexity of approximating the smallest eigenvalue of -Δ+q with Dirichlet boundary conditions on the d-dimensional unit cube. Here Δ is the Laplacian, and the function q is non-negative and has continuous first order partial derivatives. We consider deterministic and randomized classical algorithms, as well as quantum algorithms using quantum queries of two types: bit queries and power queries. We seek algorithms that solve the problem with accuracy . We exhibit lower and upper bounds for the problem complexity. The upper bounds follow from the cost of particular algorithms. The classical deterministic algorithm is optimal. Optimality is understood modulo constant factors that depend on d. The randomized algorithm uses an optimal number of function evaluations of q when d≤2. The classical algorithms have cost exponential in d since they need to solve an eigenvalue problem involving a matrix with size exponential in d. We show that the cost of quantum algorithms is not exponential in d, regardless of the type of queries they use. Power queries enjoy a clear advantage over bit queries and lead to an optimal complexity algorithm.     

Isoperimetric control of the Steklov spectrum

We prove that the normalized Steklov eigenvalues of a bounded domain in a complete Riemannian manifold are bounded above in terms of the inverse of the isoperimetric ratio of the domain. Consequently, the normalized Steklov eigenvalues of a bounded domain in Euclidean space, hyperbolic space or a standard hemisphere are uniformly bounded above. On a compact surface with boundary, we obtain uniform bounds for the normalized Steklov eigenvalues in terms of the genus. We also establish a relationship between the Steklov eigenvalues of a domain and the eigenvalues of the Laplace-Beltrami operator on its boundary hypersurface.     

The Cauchy problem of the Ward equation

We generalize the results of [J. Villarroel, The inverse problem for Ward's system, Stud. Appl. Math. 83 (1990) 211-222; A.S. Fokas, T.A. Ioannidou, The inverse spectral theory for the Ward equation and for the 2+1 chiral model, Comm. Appl. Anal. 5 (2001) 235-246; B. Dai, C.L. Terng, K. Uhlenbeck, On the space-time Monopole equation, arXiv:math.DG/0602607] to study the inverse scattering problem of the Ward equation with non-small data and solve the Cauchy problem of the Ward equation with a non-small purely continuous scattering data.     

The affine Cauchy problem

The aim of this paper is to solve the Cauchy problem for locally strongly convex surfaces which are extremal for the equiaffine area functional. These surfaces are called affine maximal surfaces and here, we give a new complex representation which let us describe the solution to the corresponding Cauchy problem. As applications, we obtain a generalized symmetry principle, characterize when a curve in R³ can be a geodesic or pre-geodesic of a such surface and study the helicoidal affine maximal surfaces. Finally, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of affine maximal surfaces with a given analytic curve in its singular set.