三检测通道-气相色谱法快速分析天然气的组成

采用配有五阀(2个十通阀和3个六通阀)、七柱(2根毛细管柱和5根填充柱)和三检测器(氢火焰离子化检测器A、热导检测器B和C)的气相色谱法测定了天然气的组分。借助阀的切换系统及设置的分析程序,一次进样便可实现天然气常规组分的测定。检测器A用于烃类气体的检测,检测器B用于永久气体的检测,检测器C用于氢气检测。根据标准样品组分的保留时间对未知样品作定性检测,用外标法进行定量测定。方法的精密度符合国家标准GB/T 13610-2003中的规定,本方法所测得的由标准气体所混合组成的标准样品中,各组分的测定值与标准值之间的相对误差均小于5%。     

二组分气体在固体上吸附的研究(Ⅳ)

测定了丙酮－正己烷、甲苯－正己烷、苯－正己烷、正戊烷－正己烷四个二组分气体在部分石墨化的灯黑上的吸附等温线，并测定了单组分气体吸附等温线．对比了上述四个二组分气体，分别在硅胶、硅烷化硅胶和灯黑上吸附的十二个吸附体系的吸附规律．结果表明，二组分气体在吸附剂上的竞争吸附的强弱，基本上可以通过它们的纯组分气体在吸附剂上第一层吸附热Q1数值的大小加以预测．     

二维分气体在固体上吸附的研究（Ⅱ）—丙酮—正己烷,甲苯—正…

测定了丙酮－正己烷、甲苯－正己烷、苯－正己烷、正戊烷－正己烷４个二组分以及各单组分气体在硅胶吸附等温线，实验结果表明二组分气体在硅胶上的竞争吸附的强调，可以通过比较它们的纯组分气体在硅胶上第一层吸附热Ｑ１数值的大小加以预测。     

生物油TG-FTIR分析与热解气化特性研究

以稻壳快速热解产物生物油为对象,在对其进行热重红外检测的基础上,结合生物油及其轻质、重质组分的热解气化实验,研究了生物油热解气化过程及气体产出特性。结果表明,生物油的热解气化分为两个阶段,一是轻质组分的快速挥发热解;二是重质组分的裂解气化与缩合缩聚,活化能分别为35~38 kJ/mol和15~22 kJ/mol。温度升高,热解气化效率增加,以H₂和CO为主的合成气产量增多,但气体产物热值降低。气体中H₂主要来自轻质组分的热解气化,而重质组分则裂解产生较多的CO、CH₄等物质。     

新型离子迁移谱技术对丙酮、苯酚和环己烷的检测

本文以强场非对称波形离子迁移谱(FAIMS)芯片搭建的检测设备成功实现了对丙酮、苯酚和环己烷三种有机物及其混合物的检测。通过痕量气体发生器产生丙酮、苯酚和环己烷气体,利用气体流量计调节空气和有机物气体比例,模拟空气中不同浓度的有机挥发物,混合气体进入检测核心,得到相应的信号,并通过软件转化为对应的谱图;对比背景和含有机物气体的谱图,可确定有机物在谱图上的位置。该设备对不同浓度样品检测结果显示检测信号值与浓度成高度正相关。通过对正负模式下交变电场强度和补偿电压大小的调节,可以实现对混合物组分的分离检出。     

二组分气体在固体上吸附的研究（Ⅲ）：丙酮—正己烷,甲苯—正己…

测定了丙酮－正己烷，甲苯－正己烷，苯－正己烷，正戊烷－正己烷４个二组分气体在硅烷化硅胶上的吸附等温线，并测定了单组分体吸附等温线，实验结果表明，二组分气体在硅烷化硅胶上的竞争吸附的强弱可以通过其且分气体在硅烷化硅胶上第一层吸附热Ｑ１数值的大小预测。     

用于气体分离的新型耦合膜分离方法及装置

本发明涉及气体分离方法及装置，用于气体分离的新型耦合膜分离方法，原料气体经多个分离单元进行分离，每个分离单元原料气体首先与一侧的气体分离膜接触，能与载体溶液形成配体通过促进传递的气体组分首先在与之接触的气体分离膜内溶解扩散，然后与载体溶液形成配体结构以促进传递形式通过薄层载体溶液与另一侧气体分离膜接触，通过在该气体分离膜内的溶解扩散在渗透侧解吸；原料气中不能与载体溶液形成配体的气体组分首先在与之接触的气体分离膜内溶解扩散，然后在薄层载体溶液中以溶解扩散的形式与另一侧气体分离膜接触，通过在该气体分离膜内的溶解扩散在渗透侧解吸，达到分离原料气体的目的。本发明分离方法既满足气体高压分离要求，杜绝塑性效应，又防止膜的润湿和泄露，维持长期的稳定性。     

二组分气体在固体上吸附的研究(IV)

测定了丙酮－正己烷、甲苯－正己烷、苯－正己烷、正戊烷－正己烷四个二组分气体在部分石墨化的灯黑上的吸附等温线,并测定了单组分气体吸附等温线．对比了上述四个二组分气体,分别在硅胶、硅烷化硅胶和灯黑上吸附的十二个吸附体系的吸附规律．结果表明,二组分气体在吸附剂上的竞争吸附的强弱,基本上可以通过它们的纯组分气体在吸附剂上第一层吸附热Q1数值的大小加以预测．     

用光谱分析仪快速定量分析石油勘探钻井过程中气体含量方法

一种用光谱分析仪快速定量分析石油勘探钻井过程中气体含量方法，属于石油勘探气测录井技术领域。本发明的目的是为了解决钻井大提速而录井现有的气测方法间歇取样、分析速度慢、精确度低、定量结果影响因素多等问题。待测气体经过处理后进入气体流通池，经红外光照射和检测器检测，在光谱分析工作站内计算得到样品的红外光谱及各组分的含量。本发明具有分析速度快、准确、灵敏度高、可连续取样、在线分析，且不用外接气源等优点，可以在线对多组分重叠峰进行准确定性定量分析，工作环境适应能力强，操作简单，适用于石油勘探录井过程气体分析，保证钻井过程数据点的密集性和薄油层的发现率，非常适合快速钻井的需求。本发明也广泛适用于石油化工、环境监测等领域。     

汽油中气体组分含量的快速分析

采用美国HP6890炼厂气分析多维填充柱色谱仪,建立了汽油中气体组分含量快速分析方法。采用汽油直接进样,校正归一化法定量,测定汽油中CO2、H2S和各气体烃组分的含量,完成一个样品的分析仅需22min。实验表明,该方法有很好的精密度,各气体组分浓度值的相对标准偏差均小于4．5％。     

Les piles à combustible et leurs applications

Fuel cells and their applications. Fuel cells have been developed for many years. During the sixties they were developed for various applications but were first only manufactured for space applications, for price reasons. A lot of work has been performed, basic and applied, to improve and introduce these electrochemical power sources in everyday life. Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells (PAFCs) were then developed and marketed for stationary applications, while Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) are now becoming an interesting solution for mobile applications, due to the possibility of a high power density.     

医用可生物降解高分子材料

对目前医用可生物降解高分子材料的研究及应用状况分化学合成，天然和生物技术合成三类作了综述。对材料的生物相容性、可生物降解性及物理机械性能进行了分析和比较。并就医用生物降解高分子材料的发展趋势作了预测。     

正电子湮没技术在纳米材料中的应

纳米材料在现实应用中表现出越来越优异的性能,其微结构往往对宏观性能有着重要影响。从正电子湮没技术基本原理出发,结合正电子湮没技术在材料微观结构领域的独特优势,介绍了其在纳米金属、合金以及纳米半导体等材料中的微结构研究工作,阐述了纳米材料微结构对基础学科和实际应用的重要意义。     

Metal Functionalized Diketopyrrolopyrroles: A Promising Class of Materials for Optoelectronic Applications

After first report on diketopyrrolopyrrole in 1974 by Farnum et al., a wide variety of its derivatives have been reported for material and biological applications. In this review we discuss various design strategies used for the synthesis of metal functionalized diketopyrrolopyrrole derivatives along with their photophysical and electrochemical studies with respect to material and biological applications. Some exciting applications of ferrocenyl functionalized diketopyrrolopyrrole derivatives such as non‐linear optics, organic solar cells and photothermal therapy were recently reported, which are also discussed in this review.     

Capillary electrophoresis - mass spectrometry: survey on developments and applications 2003-2004

The major developments and applications related to CE-MS over the last two years (2003-2004) and most of the reviews and applications found in the ISI Web of Science and publisher data bases are presented in a tabulated way. This article complements our previous review "Capillary electrophoresis - mass spectrometry: 15 years of developments and applications", Electrophoresis, 2003, 24, 3837-3867 for the last two years 2003-2004. All cited articles were analyzed in a way to illustrate (i) in which journals CE-MS-related papers were mostly found over the last decades and (ii) which commercial CE-, MS-instrumentations or CE-MS combinations were mostly used in the European, Asian, and American continent. Additionally, like it was done in our last review, the reader will rapidly find applications classified as forensics, environment, bioanalytics, pharmaceutics, and metabolites.     

Micromotors from Microfluidics

Inspired by the motions of natural objects, attention and efforts have been paid and devoted to fabricate micromotors of spherical, tubular, helical or other shapes for applications in emerging fields including delivery, remediation, and other biomedical applications. Among the proposed methods, the microfluidic technology offers an opportunity to fabricate micromotors with different microstructures. This review presents research progress on micromotors, especially those from microfluidics. The morphologies of the micromotors were firstly outlined. Then, the microfluidic technology used to fabricate different micromotors was discussed. Finally, the applications of these micromotors were briefly introduced, followed by their challenges and future developments.     

Chromatographic and electrophoretic methods used for analysis of milk proteins.

Current knowledge of milk proteins and their behavior in dairy foods is based on early applications of chromatography and electrophoresis. Electrophoretic identification of the number and genetic variety of milk proteins inaugurated a research effort in which chromatographic techniques were successfully applied to the isolation of each milk protein, thus facilitating the characterization and further study of milk and dairy products. This review focuses on recent applications of chromatography for separations and analysis and on analytical applications of electrophoresis.     

Current trends in spinel based modified polymer composite materials for electromagnetic shielding

The present article deals with current trends in spinel based modified polymer composite materials for applications in the field of electromagnetic shielding. The interaction between the various spinel based materials and polymers is an emerging field of studies among various researchers. The thermal stability, electrical conductivity, the bonding between the metal ferrites and the polymer plays an important role in the interaction of electromagnetic radiation. These properties also effect the mechanism of the EM waves for the shielding applications. Considering these all properties, polyaniline appears to be an suitable polymer for electromagnetic shielding applications. Polyaniline composites not only reinforced the properties of spinel materials but also enhanced the dielectric properties of the composite material. When carbon based materials such as graphene, graphene oxide and CNT was added along with spinel material in polyaniline based composite, they accelerate the electrical properties and enhances the shielding applications. In this paper the various synthesis methods, fabrication methods of polyaniline, and the properties of polyaniline based composites have been discussed. In addition, the various salient features and futuristic challenges of polyaniline based composite materials for EMI shielding applications were attempted to make a well equipped material for radar absorption.     

食用油甘油三酯质谱分析方法的研究进展

该文对质谱鉴定技术及其与色谱联用的分析方法(包括直接进样质谱分析、气相色谱质谱联用技术、超临界流体与质谱联用技术和液相色谱质谱联用技术)在甘油三酯分析方面的应用进行了综述,评述了各类分析方法的优缺点,对常用的脂质分析数据库进行了介绍,并对甘油三酯分析方法的发展及应用作了展望。     

Syntheses and characterization of few bio-ionic liquids comprising of cholinium cation and plant derived carboxylic acids as anions

Due to the increasing trend to use ionic liquids (ILs) for number of applications, it is of utmost importance to ensure non toxicity of the solvent systems which may contaminate the processed products. The reported toxicity of several imidazolium based ionic liquids posed a need to develop bio based ILs for various applications which are due to their bio-origin are bio compatible, nontoxic and biodegradable. Herein eleven bio-based ionic liquids were prepared using acid moieties available in various plants and characterized. Although some of the ILs were used to separate antibodies such as IgG from rat serum in the form of aqueous biphasic systems but to find their direct application for material preparation and food applications, herein rheological behavior of the ILs were investigated. The choline based IL containing coumarine-3-carboxylate was found to have highest zero shear viscosity while the IL with D-(−)-quinate was found to have the lowest. The viscoelastic behavior of the ionic liquids established anion dependent viscous and liquid like behavior of the ionic liquids. Interestingly the ILs showed viscosity independent ion conductivity. Due to the high conductivity, stable physical state and bio-origin such ILs have the potential for applications in electrochemistry, food and material science.