α-氨基烃基膦酸及其衍生物的合成与反应

本文报导合成α-氨基烃基膦酸(1)及其衍生物的新方法与反应。(一)提出用苯甲酰胺(或丙烯酰胺)和醛、亚磷酸三苯酯反应,经水解合成(1);(二)在BF_3·Et_2O催化下用磷酰胺或代磷酰胺、醛和亚磷酸三苯酯或苯基亚磷酸二苯酯反应,生成α-磷胺酰氨基(或硫代磷酰胺基)取代苄膦酸二苯酯或次膦酸苯酯(2)。经选择性脱去氨基保护基生成α-氨基膦酸二苯酯溴代盐(3);(三)二苯氧基氯磷、醛和磷酰胺(或硫代磷酰胺)在 ZnCl_2等路易斯酸存在     

壳脑酸酯溴化反应性质及在虫胶漂白中的应用

运用紫外分光光度法和波谱分析法研究了壳脑酸酯溴化反应的动力学性质和产物及脱溴产物的结构，结果有，壳脑酸酯溴化反应是二级反应是二级反应，反应活化能是６６．４ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ，产物是α，β－二溴壳脑酸酯，该产物的脱溴产物是β－溴壳脑酸酯。     

有机磷化合物的研究XXXIX. 溶剂性质对烷基膦酸-O, O-1,3-丙二酯及-O,O-1,4-丁二酯的碱性水解动力学的影响

本文报道烷基膦酸-O, O-1,3-丙二酯及O, O-1,4-丁二酯于50%二甲亚砜水溶液中的水解动力学, 考察了取代基结构对膦酸酯水解速率常数的影响。通过它们在50%的二甲亚砜水溶液和50%的二氧六环水溶液中碱性水解速率常数的比较, 说明在这些混合溶液中, 烷基的空间结构对水解速率常数的影响是近似平行的。同时, 正丙基膦酸-O, O-1,3-丙二酯于不同混合溶剂中碱性水解时, 溶剂分子的给质子接受质子的能力对水解反应过程有重要影响。     

有机磷化合物的研究XXXIX. 溶剂性质对烷基膦酸-O, O-1,3-丙二酯及-O,O-1,4-丁二酯的碱性水解动力学的影响

本文报道烷基膦酸-O, O-1,3-丙二酯及O, O-1,4-丁二酯于50%二甲亚砜水溶液中的水解动力学, 考察了取代基结构对膦酸酯水解速率常数的影响。通过它们在50%的二甲亚砜水溶液和50%的二氧六环水溶液中碱性水解速率常数的比较, 说明在这些混合溶液中, 烷基的空间结构对水解速率常数的影响是近似平行的。同时, 正丙基膦酸-O, O-1,3-丙二酯于不同混合溶剂中碱性水解时, 溶剂分子的给质子接受质子的能力对水解反应过程有重要影响。     

叔丁基二甲硅氧基苯硼酸及羟基苯硼酸的制备

以邻、间、对三种溴酚为原料, 经叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷保护酚基后制成格氏试剂, 然后与硼酸酯反应, 选择性水解得到了邻、间、对-叔丁基二甲硅氧基苯硼酸, 收率分别为51%, 44%和40%. 将对位、间位的硼酸酯中间体3a, 3b用强酸水解可得到间羟基苯硼酸(产率65%)和对羟基苯硼酸(产率14%), 但发现它们极难纯化, 这是由于羟基硼酸极易生成苯二酚之故.     

荧光素二苯甲酰酯的晶体结构与水解性质的研究

以荧光素和苯甲酰氯为原料制备了荧光素二苯甲酰酯, 并用X射线单晶法测定了晶体和分子结构。晶体空间群为P21/C, a=0.8459(2), b=1.8221(5),c=1.7491(8)nm; β=103.79(3)°; V=2.618nm3, Z=4。酯水解和酯酶水解实验表明其水解速度明显低于荧光素的二醋酸酯、二丙酸酯、二丁酸酯和二已酸酯。根据酯链上苯环的空间位阻和共轭效应, 以及质谱分析结构对这一特性作了解释。     

阴离子交换色谱和硅胶柱色谱法用于褐煤蜡族组成的分离

叙述了用阴离子交换色谱和硅胶柱色谱分离褐煤蜡纯蜡中的游离酸、酯中酸、醇以及烷烃的方法。通过红外光谱鉴定,表明阴离子交换色谱对蜡中酸的分离效果相当好。实验表明,寻甸粗蜡主要是由长链酯的混合物组成,它是一种天然的酯型蜡。舒兰粗蜡中含有丰富的游离酸,其量达43%。HNO_3氧化后,蜡中游离酸的增加则是由于酯的水解和醇的进一步氧化所致。     

7-氨基-3-乙烯基头孢烷酸的合成

以7-苯乙酰氨基-3-氯甲基头孢烷酸对甲氧基苄酯为原料经Wittig反应、水解、酶解三步反应合成重要的药物中间体——7-氨基-3-乙烯基头孢烷酸,总收率71.2%。其结构经1H NMR和IR表征。     

Ⅴ.β-(2-甲基-7-甲氧基-1,2,3,4,9,10,11,12-八氢化-1-亚菲基)-丙酸的合成

由1-氧代-2-甲基7-甲氧基-1,2,3,4,9,10,11,12-八氢化菲及溴代乙酸甲酯的Re-formatsky反应,得到1-羟基-2-甲基-7-甲氧基-1,2,3,4,9,10,11,12-八氢化菲-1-乙酸甲酯。由此羟基酯与二硫亚砜及吡啶的反应后,得(2-甲基-7-甲氧基1,2,3,4,9,10,11,12-八氢化-1-亚菲基)-乙酸甲酯。此酯经过水解后,得到相对应的酸,此酸酰氯经过Arndt- Eistert在甲醇内的反应,得到β-(2-甲基-7-甲氧基-1,2,3,4,9,10,11,12-八氢化-1-亚菲基)-丙酸甲醇。此酯经过水解后,得到相对应的酸。     

PAL探针中间体3-氧代-6-庚炔酸酯的合成方法改进

以二异丙胺对乙酰乙酸乙酯进行氨解,得到N,N-二异丙基乙酰基乙酰胺1, 1再与3-溴丙炔进行亲核取代,得到α-和γ-两种取代物2和3。3经水解与酯化一步生成目标化合物3-氧代-6-庚炔酸甲酯3a, 3步反应总收率达到43.3%,产物结构经¹H NMR、 ¹³C NMR以及MS确证。改进后的3-氧代-6-庚炔酸酯合成方法避免了使用强腐蚀性的二异丙基氨基锂和超低温（-78℃）反应温度,操作处理简单、反应条件温和,同时提高了亲核取代反应的区域选择性。      

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.