丁酸氯维地平降解杂质的合成

以4-(2,3-二氯苯基)-1,4-二氢-2,6-二甲基-3,5-吡啶二羧酸(2-氰基乙基)（甲基）酯(5)为起始原料,合成了丁酸氯维地平的5种降解杂质：4-(2,3-二氯苯基)-1,4-二氢-2,6-二甲基-3,5-吡啶二羧酸单甲酯(A), 4-(2,3-二氯苯基)-1,4-二氢-2,6-二甲基-3-吡啶羧酸甲酯(B), 4-(2,3-二氯苯基)-2,6-二甲基-3,5-吡啶二羧酸单甲酯(C), 4-(2,3-二氯苯基)-2,6-二甲基-3,5-吡啶二羧酸（丁酰氧基甲基）（甲基）酯(D)和4-(2,3-二氯苯基)-2,6-二甲基-3-吡啶羧酸甲酯(E)。其中A由5水解制得;B由A脱羧制得;C由5氧化后再经水解制得;D由C和丁酸氯甲酯缩合制得;E由C脱羧制得,化合物结构经¹H NMR和MS（ESI）确证。     

碘-二甲基亚砜促进新型四环噻唑并[3',2':2,3]吡啶并[4,5-d]吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶酮类衍生物的合成（英文）

介绍了在碘-二甲基亚砜(I_2-DMSO)促进作用下,通过Pictet-Spengler反应合成噻唑并[3',2':2,3]吡啶并[4,5-d]吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶酮(5)衍生物的合成方法.该反应的关键中间体2-(3-氨基-5-苯氨基噻唑-2-基)-4H-吡啶[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮(3),由2-氯甲基-4H-吡啶[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮(1)与N-苯基-N'-氰基-咪唑硫代碳酸钾(2)通过Thorpe-Ziegler异构化反应制得.该合成方法反应条件温和,操作简单,收率高.     

以二苯甲酮为端基的第一代树状取代酞菁锌的合成

4-甲基二苯甲酮经N-溴代丁二酰亚胺溴代制得4-溴甲基二苯甲酮(1);1与3,5-二羟基苯甲醇反应合成了外围带有二苯甲酮取代基的第一代树枝状分子3,5-二(二苯甲酮-4-甲氧基)苯甲醇(2);2与4-硝基邻苯二甲腈缩合制得外围带有二苯甲酮取代基的第一代树枝状分子4-[3,5-二(二苯甲酮-4-甲氧基)苯甲氧基]邻苯二甲腈(3);3经"液相法"环合生成外围带有二苯甲酮取代基的第一代树枝状分子取代的酞菁锌配合物——四[3,5-二(二苯甲酮-4-甲氧基)苯甲氧基]锌酞菁[ZnPc(C35H27O5)4],其结构经UV,1HNMR,IR和MS表征。     

含嘧啶基团的新型亲水性共轭大环化合物的合成

以三乙甘醇单甲醚为原料,制得化合物1和2; 1和2经取代反应制得1-【2-{1-[2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基]乙氧基}甲基-3-[2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基]乙氧基】丙氧基-3,5-二溴苯(3)和1-[2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基]乙氧基-3,5-二溴苯(4); 3和4分别与双频那醇合二硼反应制得化合物5和6; 6与5-溴-2-碘嘧啶发生Suzuki-Miyaura交叉偶联反应制得化合物7; 5与7在铂催化下发生Suzuki-Miyaura交叉偶联反应合成了一个新型的共轭大环化合物,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和MALDI-TOF-MS表征。     

新型4-{4,5-二[(E)-苯乙烯]-1H-咪唑-2-基}苯甲醛共价键连单羟基四苯基卟啉化合物的合成及其分子内能量转移性能

以2,3-丁二酮为原料,依次与苯甲醛和对苯二甲醛经缩合反应制得4-{4,5-二[(E)-苯乙烯]-1H-咪唑-2-基)苯甲醛}(2);以对二氯苄作为连接链,2与其经取代反应制得4-{1-[4-(氯甲基)苄基]-4,5-二[(E)-苯乙烯]-1H-咪唑-2-基}苯甲醛(3);3与单羟基四苯基卟啉(4)连接合成了4-{4,5-二[(E)-苯乙烯]-1H-咪唑-2-基}苯甲醛共价键连单羟基四苯基卟啉化合物(5),其中2,3和5为新化合物,其结构经1H NMR,MS和元素分析表征。用荧光光谱研究了5中基团3与基团4之间的能量转移过程。结果表明,当激发取代基团3时,能量能够从基团3转移至基团4上。     

新型4-芳氧基吡啶并[3′,2′∶4,5]噻吩并[3,2-d]嘧啶衍生物的合成

2-氯-3-氰基吡啶与巯基乙酸乙酯经闭环反应制得3-氨基吡啶并[3,′2′∶4,5]噻吩-2-甲酸乙酯(1);1与甲酰胺第二次成环生成吡啶并[3,′2′∶4,5]噻吩并[3,2-d]嘧啶-4-酮(2);2经氯化后与取代苯酚反应合成了12个新型的4-芳氧基吡啶并[3,′2′∶4,5]噻吩并[3,2-d]嘧啶衍生物,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR和元素分析表征。     

1-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-1-[(1S,4S)-1,7,7-三甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]肼的合成工艺改进

以3,5-二甲基苯胺和2-莰酮为起始原料,在微波促进下,经缩合反应制得N-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-1-(1S,4S)-1,7,7-三甲基二环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-亚胺(1);1经硼氢化钠还原后再与羟胺-O-磺酸经胺化反应合成了1-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-1-[(1S,4S)-1,7,7-三甲基双环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基]肼,总收率70.4%,其结构经1H NMR和ESI-MS确证。     

1,2,4-三嗪类化合物的研究——Ⅳ.氯化N-[5′-(3′-甲硫基-6′-甲基)-1′,2′,4′-三嗪基]吡啶鎓盐的置换反应

氯化N-[5′-(3′-甲硫基-6′-甲基)-1′,2′,4′-三嗪基]吡啶?盐(Ⅱ)在吡啶中于室温通入硫化氢或与硫化氢饱和的硫氢化钠反应,均得到3-甲硫基-5-巯基-6-甲基-1,2,4-三嗪(Ⅲ);于较高温度与硫化氢反应,得3,5-二巯基-6-甲基-1,2,4-三嗪(Ⅳ).二者均可于氢氧化钠溶液中与碘甲烷反应,得到3,5-二甲硫基-6-甲基-1,2,4-三嗪(Ⅴ).Ⅱ在呲啶水溶液中与邻甲苯酚、闻甲苯酚、苯酚、间硝基苯酚、邻硝基苯酚或对硝基苯酚作用,得到相应的5-取代苯氧基化合物(Ⅶ_(a-f));与硫酚作用,得5-苯硫基化合物(Ⅷ);在吡啶中与无水乙醇作用,得5-乙氧基化合物(Ⅸ).化合物Ⅱ在吡啶水溶液中与Ⅲ作用,得S-[5′-(3′-甲硫基-6′-甲基)-1′,2′,4′-三嗪基]-3-甲硫基-5-巯基-6-甲基-1,2,4-三嗪(Ⅻ);与3-甲硫基-5-氧代-6-甲基-4,5-二氢-1,2,4-三嗪(Ⅰ)作用,得N~4_[5′-(3′-甲硫基-6′-甲基)-1′,2′,4′-三嗪基]-3-甲硫基-5-氧代-6-甲基-4,5-二氢-1,2,4-三嗪(ⅩⅧ);与3-甲硫基-5-氧代-4,5-二氢-1,2,4-三嗪(ⅪⅩ)作用,得N~4-[5′-(3′-甲硫基-6′-甲基)-1′2′4′-三嗪基]-3-甲硫基-5-氧代-4,5-二氢-1,2,4-三嗪(ⅩⅩ);与3-甲硫基-5-氧代-4,5-二氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-羧酸乙酯(ⅩⅩⅢ)作用,得N~4_[5′-(3′-甲硫基-6′-甲基)-1′,2′,4′-三嗪基]-3-甲硫基-5-羰基-4,5-二氢-1,2,4-三嗪-6-羧酸乙酯(ⅩⅪⅤ);与喹唑酮-4(ⅩⅩⅦ)作用,得N~3_[5′-(3′-甲硫基-6′-甲基)-1′,2′,4′-三嗪基]-4-氧代-3,4-二氢喹唑啉(ⅩⅩⅧ).这些化合物的结构系通过其水解反应、胺解反应、红外吸收光谱、紫外吸收光谱或核磁共振谱等研究予以证明.3-甲硫基-5-对硝基苯氧基-6-甲基-1,2,4-三嗪(Ⅶ_f)与苯胺或对甲苯胺反应,得到3-甲硫基-5-取代苯胺基-6-甲基-1,2,4-三嗪对硝基苯酚复合物(X_(a,b).后者用碱处理,得3-甲硫基-5-取代苯胺基-6-甲基-1,2,4-三嗪(Ⅺ_(a,b)及对硝基苯酚.     

合成SGLT2抑制剂埃格列净的新方法

以D-(+)-葡萄糖酸内酯为原料,经三甲硅基保护羟基后与5-溴-2-氯-4′-乙氧基二苯甲烷偶联制得(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-［4-氯-3-(4-乙氧苄基)苯基］-6-(羟甲基)-2-甲氧基四氢-2H-吡喃-3,4,5-三醇（2）; 2经羟基保护、氧化和羟醛缩合等5步反应制得(3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-三(苄氧基)-6-［4-氯-3-(4-乙氧苄基)苯基］-2-(羟甲基)-6-甲氧基四氢-2H-吡喃-2-甲醛（7）; 7经还原、脱苄同时关环制得埃格列净(1S,2S,3S,4R,5S)-5-［4-氯-3-(4-乙氧苄基)苯基］-1-(羟甲基)-6,8-二氧杂二环［3.2.1］辛烷-2,3,4-三醇,其结构经¹H NMR和LC-MS表征。     

新型手性双功能有机催化剂的合成及其催化不对称Henry反应合成(R)-aegeline

以(S)-2-氨甲基-1-乙基吡咯烷为原料,合成了新型手性双功能有机催化剂(S)-1-[3,5-二(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-(1-乙基吡咯烷基-2-甲基)硫脲(2,产率82.2%).用2催化对甲氧基苯甲醛与硝基甲烷的不对称Henry反应,制得(R)-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2-硝基乙醇(3, 84%ee);3经Pd/C催化氢化得到(R)-2-氨基-1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙醇(4);4与反式肉桂酰氯反应合成了(R)-aegeline,总产率37.6%(以对甲氧基苯甲醛计).化合物的结构经1H NMR, 13C NMR和MS表征.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.