THE REMAINDER－EFFECT ANALYSIS OF FINITE DIFFERENCE SCHEMES AND THE APPLICATIONS

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随机结构有限元分析的递推求解方法

提出了一种新的谱随机有限元分析方法——递推求解方法。该方法将随机结构的随机响应表示成非正交多项式展式,建立了和摄动法类似的一系列确定的递推方程,并通过确定性有限元方法对这些递推方程进行静力问题求解。算例表明,当随机量出现较大涨落时,计算结果相对于传统摄动法有不小的改进。     

电磁共振腔辛有限元法

将电磁场的基本方程导向了对偶方程形式。给出了推导电磁场有限元所需相应的对偶变量变分原理。为了有限元列式的保辛,交分原理被积函数可导向对于对偶变量为对称的形式。交分原理的边界积分项对于相邻单元互相抵消。对偶变量有限元推导可避免所谓的C1连续性问题。采用对偶变量离散分析了共振腔本征值问题,离散后再消去一类变量可导出普通的广义本征值问题而求解。算例表明了对偶变量有限元分析的有效性。     

Comparison of finite element methods for the St. Venant equations

Finite element schemes for hyperbolic systems are applied to the St. Venant equations for one-dimensional, unsteady, open channel flow. The comparative performances of the characteristic-dissipative-Galerkin, Taylor-Galerkin and least squares finite element schemes are assessed by means of linear Fourier analysis and solution of idealized non-linear wave propagation problems. Of particular interest is the behaviour of these schemes for the regressive wave component in both subcritical and supercritical flows. To assess the quality of the basic solution, the methods are compared without any additional artificial diffusion or shock-capturing formulations. The balanced treatment of both wave components in the characteristic-dissipative-Galerkin method is illustrated. Also, the method displays little sensitivity to parameters variations. The Taylor-Galerkin scheme provides good solutions, although oscillations due to wave dispersion and minimal diffusion of the regressive wave are displayed. Also, this method is somewhat sensitive to the time step increment. The least squares method is considered unsuitable for unsteady, open channel flow problems owing to its inability to propagate a regressive wave in a supercritical flow.     

随机有限元分析的二级区域分解并行求解算法

采用蒙特卡罗模拟(MCS)和加权积分法对二维问题进行随机有限元分析。尽管MCS方法对任何有确定解的问题都具有求解精度高的优点,但由于求解所需的计算量巨大使其应用受到限制。利用并行求解技术可有效地处理这种密集型计算问题。基于有限元分裂对接法(FETI)的并行特性并利用预处理共轭梯度法(PCG)的求解高效性,结合整体子区域实现(GSI-PCG)和FETI法,提出二级求解算法,并在工作站机群上实现了数值算例。算例计算结果表明本文GSI(PCG)-FETI算法具有较高的并行加速比和并行效率,具有良好的性能,可有效地进行二维问题的随机有限元分析。     

Introduction of turbulent model in a mixed finite volume/finite element method

The aim of this work is to present a new numerical method to compute turbulent flows in complex configurations. With this in view, a k-? model with wall functions has been introduced in a mixed finite volume/finite element method. The numerical method has been developed to deal with compressible flows but is also able to compute nearly incompressible flows. The physical model and the numerical method are first described, then validation results for an incompressible flow over a backward-facing step and for a supersonic flow over a compression ramp are presented. Comparisons are performed with experimental data and with other numerical results. These simulations show the ability of the present method to predict turbulent flows, and this method will be applied to simulate complex industrial flows (flow inside the combustion chamber of gas turbine engines). The main goal of this paper is not to test turbulence models, but to show that this numerical method is a solid base to introduce more sophisticated turbulence model.     

A combined finite volumes - finite elements method for a low-Mach model

In this paper, we develop a finite volumes - finite elements method based on a time splitting to simulate some low-Mach flows. The mass conservation equation is solved by a vertex-based finite volume scheme using a τ-limiter. The momentum equation associated with the compressibility constraint is solved by a finite element projection scheme. The originality of the approach is twofold. First, the state equation linking the temperature, the density, and the thermodynamic pressure is imposed implicitly. Second, the proposed combined scheme preserves the constant states, in the same way as a similar one previously developed for the variable density Navier-Stokes system. Some numerical tests are performed to exhibit the efficiency of the scheme. On the one hand, academic tests illustrate the ability of the scheme in term of convergence rates in time and space. On the other hand, our results are compared to some of the literature by simulating a transient injection flow as well as a natural convection flow in a cavity.     

Multiphase flow in heterogeneous porous media: A classical finite element method versus an implicit pressure–explicit saturation‐based mixed finite element–finite volume approach

Various discretization methods exist for the numerical simulation of multiphase flow in porous media. In this paper, two methods are introduced and analyzed—a full‐upwind Galerkin method which belongs to the classical finite element methods, and a mixed‐hybrid finite element method based on an implicit pressure–explicit saturation (IMPES) approach. Both methods are derived from the governing equations of two‐phase flow. Their discretization concepts are compared in detail. Their efficiency is discussed using several examples. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

AN h-TYPE ADAPTIVE FINITE ELEMENT

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无穷域势流问题的有限元／差分线法混合求解

提出了一种将有限元和差分线法相结合求解无穷域势流问题的算法。用两同心圆将求解域划分为存在重叠的有限和无限两个区域,在有限和无限域上分别用有限元和差分线法求解Laplace方程边值问题。用差分线法推导出的关系式修正有限元方程,求解该方程组从而得到原问题的解。本算法将求解无穷域问题转化为代数特征值问题和有限域内线性方程组的...     

Rethinking to finite difference time-step integrations

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Exact finite element method

In this paper,a new method,exact element method for constructing finite element,ispresented.It can be applied to solve nonpositive definite or positive definite partialdifferential equation with arbitrary variable coefficient under arbitrary boundarycondition.Its convergence is proved and its united formula for solving partial differentialequation is given.By the present method,a noncompatible element can be obtained and thecompatibility conditions between elements can be treated very easily.Comparing the exactelement method with the general finite element method with the same degrees of freedom,the high convergence rate of the high order derivatives of solution can be obtained.Threenumerical examples are given at the end of this paper,which indicate all results canconverge to exact solution and have higher numerical precision.     

基于摄动法的不确定性有限元模型修正方法研究

开展了考虑不确定性的有限元模型修正方法的研究。基于摄动法推导了待修正参数均值和协方差矩阵的迭代格式,其中协方差的迭代格式包括是否考虑试验数据与修正参数之间相关性的两种形式。在理论研究基础上开展数值仿真研究,实现了不确定性有限元模型修正的摄动法,并研究了试验数据样本数量对修正误差的影响。仿真结果表明,该方法适用于解决系统参数与试验数据存在不确定性的模型修正问题,试验样本数量对待修正参数标准差的修正精度影响较大;忽略试验模态参数与待修正参数不确定性之间的相关性,能够避免计算二阶灵敏度矩阵,在保证修正结果准确性的前提下减少计算量。     

Coupling finite difference method with finite particle method for modeling viscous incompressible flows

A hybrid approach to couple finite difference method (FDM) with finite particle method (FPM) (ie, FDM-FPM) is developed to simulate viscous incompressible flows. FDM is a grid-based method that is convenient for implementing multiple or adaptive resolutions and is computationally efficient. FPM is an improved smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), which is widely used in modeling fluid flows with free surfaces and complex boundaries. The proposed FDM-FPM leverages their advantages and is appealing in modeling viscous incompressible flows to balance accuracy and efficiency. In order to exchange the interface information between FDM and FPM for achieving consistency, stability, and convergence, a transition region is created in the particle region to maintain the stability of the interface between two methods. The mass flux algorithm is defined to control the particle creation and deletion. The mass is updated by N-S equations instead of the interpolation. In order to allow information exchange, an overlapping zone is defined near the interface. The information of overlapping zone is obtained by an FPM-type interpolation. Taylor-Green vortices and lid-driven shear cavity flows are simulated to test the accuracy and the conservation of the FDM-FPM hybrid approach. The standing waves and flows around NACA airfoils are further simulated to test the ability to deal with free surfaces and complex boundaries. The results show that FDM-FPM retains not only the high efficiency of FDM with multiple resolutions but also the ability of FPM in modeling free surfaces and complex boundaries.     

广义节点有限元法

应用流形方法思想,通过引入广义节点的概念,对传统有限元方法进行改进,建立了可具有任意高阶多项式托值函数的广义节点有限元方法,计算结果表明,广义节点有限元方法较之传统有限元方法有较高的精度。     

拟纯概率有限元法的研究

本文以提高复杂结构可靠性分析精度为主要目的，通过拟纯概率思想建立的三参数可靠性模型，对拟纯概率有限元方法的基本理论及计算进行了研究。文中以材料性能参数、几何参数和外载荷等为随机变量，导出了三维概率有限元法基本计算表达式。应用本文方法计算了纯弯曲下标准缺口试件的可靠度，并与实验结果和常规的二参数可靠性分析计算结果进行了对比。结果表明，本文提出的方法具有更高的计算精度。     

有限体积法在二维固体力学问题中的应用

推导了矩形单元的二维固体力学有限体积法公式，与解析解及有限元解进行了比较，讨论了有限体积法在非线性问题中的应用     

Daubechies条件小波有限元法研究

为拓展小波理论在结构工程中的应用,提高结构计算精度,提出了以Daubechies条件小波Ritz法为基础的Daubechies条件小波有限元法。该法结合广义变分原理和拉格朗日乘子法构造修正泛函,根据修正泛函的驻值条件得到全域法求解方程矩阵。根据构件的边界条件,按左右边界对求解矩阵进行相应拆分,构建条件小波单元刚度矩阵,并依据公共节点位移相等原则形成总体刚度矩阵,由此解得各单元的小波基待定系数,即可进一步求解位移场函数、内力分布函数及荷载集度函数。以工程中常见的弹性拉压杆及平面弯曲梁为例,详细阐述了该方法的构造过程。并通过典型算例将Daubechies条件小波有限元法计算值与理论解进行了对比,结果表明:在弹性拉压杆算例中,位移、应力、载荷集度的相对误差均在1.22×10-3%以内;在平面弯曲梁算例中,挠度、弯矩、载荷集度的相对误差均在8.91×10-2%以内。     

Gauge finite element method for incompressible flows

A finite element method for computing viscous incompressible flows based on the gauge formulation introduced in [Weinan E, Liu J‐G. Gauge method for viscous incompressible flows. Journal of Computational Physics (submitted)] is presented. This formulation replaces the pressure by a gauge variable. This new gauge variable is a numerical tool and differs from the standard gauge variable that arises from decomposing a compressible velocity field. It has the advantage that an additional boundary condition can be assigned to the gauge variable, thus eliminating the issue of a pressure boundary condition associated with the original primitive variable formulation. The computational task is then reduced to solving standard heat and Poisson equations, which are approximated by straightforward, piecewise linear (or higher‐order) finite elements. This method can achieve high‐order accuracy at a cost comparable with that of solving standard heat and Poisson equations. It is naturally adapted to complex geometry and it is much simpler than traditional finite element methods for incompressible flows. Several numerical examples on both structured and unstructured grids are presented. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

饱和多孔介质大变形分析的一种有限元-有限体积混合方法

建立了饱和多孔介质大变形分析的一种有限元-有限体积混合计算方法.将饱和多孔介质视为由固体骨架和孔隙水组成的两相体,其基本方程包括动力平衡方程和渗流连续方程.基于u-p假定和更新的Lagrange方法,饱和多孔介质的动力平衡方程在空间域内采用有限元方法进行离散,而渗流连续方程在空阃域内则采用有限体积法进行离散.通过两个数值算例,一维有限弹性固结和动力荷载作用下堤坝动力响应的计算,验证了该方法的有效性.