聚焦部分相干涡旋光束作用于不同折射率瑞利粒子上的辐射力

 使用聚焦部分相干高斯谢尔涡旋光束,对不同折射率的瑞利粒子的辐射力做了分析,着重研究了相关长度和束腰宽度对辐射力和俘获稳定性的影响。结果表明：相关长度和束腰宽度分别存在临界值,相干长度小于等于其临界值或束腰宽度大于等于其临界值时,可利用其俘获相对折射率大于1的微粒;而在相关长度大于其临界值或束腰宽度小于其临界值时,可利用其俘获相对折射率小于1的微粒。对俘获稳定性的分析表明,需选择适当的相关长度和束腰宽度才能稳定俘获瑞利粒子。     

聚焦部分相干涡旋光束作用在介质球上的光阱力(英文)

应用部分相干理论推导了部分相干贝塞尔涡旋光束经过透镜聚焦后的光强分布表达式。在雷利散射范围内,利用光作用在介质球上的梯度力和散射力公式,主要讨论了拓扑荷数、相干长度、参数α以及介质球的大小选择对于梯度力和散射力的影响。数值模拟结果表明,作用在介质球上的梯度力和散射力随着拓扑荷数、相干长度或参数α的增大而减小。当拓扑荷数为0,1时,稳定的3维光阱能被获得,并且能被应用于操控折射率低于周围媒介的粒子。     

Radiation forces of a focused partially coherent flattened vortex beam on a Rayleigh spherical particle

A focused partially coherent flattened vortex beam used to trap a Rayleigh dielectric spherical particle with relative refractive index p < 1 is studied. The dependence of radiation forces (RFs) on the beam order N, waist width w₀, correlation length σ₀, particle radius a and focal length f is analyzed and illustrated by numerical examples. By a suitable choice of N, w₀, σ₀ and f a stable trap of the Rayleigh particle is achievable. In particular, there exist critical values w0,c, σ_0,c for a partially coherent flattened vortex beam the particle can be trapped by the beam with w₀ less than w0,c and σ₀ larger than σ_0,c. A comparison with the previous work is made.     

高度聚焦的余弦高斯光束对瑞利粒子的辐射力分析

通过数值计算,得出了聚焦后的余弦高斯光束在瑞利粒子上产生的辐射力在整个空间的分布情况.研究发现,利用余弦高斯光束操控粒子是可行的,且利用余弦高斯光束能同时对高折射率粒子和低折射率粒子进行俘获. 关键词： 余弦高斯光束 光陷俘 辐射力     

Effect of spatial coherence on radiation forces acting on a Rayleigh dielectric sphere

We show that the radiation forces (RFs) on a Rayleigh dielectric sphere induced by a partially coherent light beam are greatly affected by the spatial coherence. We find that the magnitude of the RFs greatly decreases as the spatial coherence decreases and derive an inequality for the required correlation width sigma(0) (i.e., the spatial coherence of the beam) to stably trap the particles.     

湍流对部分相干双曲余弦高斯光束的瑞利区间的影响

推导出了部分相干双曲余弦高斯光束在自由空间和湍流大气中传输瑞利区间的解析公式,并研究了湍流对光束瑞利区间的影响.研究表明,部分相干双曲余弦高斯光束的瑞利区间由湍流强度和光束参数等因数共同确定.湍流使得光束的瑞利区间缩短,并且湍流越强瑞利区间越短.在自由空间中,瑞利区间随光束相干参数 α 、光束参数 β 和高斯束宽 w ₀的增大以及波长 λ 的减小而增大.但是, α,β 和 w ₀越小以及 λ 越大,瑞利区间受湍流的影响越小.并且,当 关键词： 瑞利区间 部分相干双曲余弦高斯光束 大气湍流 自由空间     

Theoretical comparison of optical traps created by standing wave and single beam

We used generalised Lorenz–Mie scattering theory (GLMT) to compare submicron-sized particle optical trapping in a single focused beam and a standing wave. We focus especially on the study of maximal axial trapping force, minimal laser power necessary for confinement, axial trap position, and axial trap stiffness in dependency on trapped sphere radius, refractive index, and Gaussian beam waist size. In the single beam trap (SBT), the range of refractive indices which enable stable trapping depends strongly on the beam waist size (it grows with decreasing waist). On the contrary to the SBT, there are certain sphere sizes (non-trapping radii) that disable sphere confinement in standing wave trap (SWT) for arbitrary value of refractive index. For other sphere radii we show that the SWT enables confinement of high refractive index particle in wider laser beams and provides axial trap stiffness and maximal axial trapping force at least by two orders and one order bigger than in SBT, respectively.     

Experimental investigation on partially coherent higher-order non-diffractive beams

We experimentally study the generation of a partially coherent non-diffractive beam by focusing a partially coherent vortex beam with an axicon. The investigation results show that when the partially coherent vortex beam is focused by the axicon, the beam is transferred into a partially coherent higher-order non-diffractive beam. In the non-diffractive zone, the transverse intensity distribution of the partially coherent higher-order non-diffractive beam is invariant during propagation. In addition, the range of the non-diffractive zone is related to the coherence of the partially coherent vortex beam. The poorer the coherence of the partially coherent vortex beam, the shorter the range of the non-diffractive zone.     

贝塞尔光束中瑞利粒子所受横向力的参数理论分析

基于电磁模型,数值计算了瑞利粒子在贝塞尔光束中所受横向光阱力,给出了粒子所受横向力与粒子的半径、折射率和波长的关系。结果表明,与高斯光束形成的光阱相比,贝塞尔光束既能捕获高折射率粒子也能捕获低折射率粒子,并且有多个平衡位置,因此应用更为广泛。     

Polarization fluctuations of partially coherent Hermite–Gaussian beams in a slant turbulent channel

The propagation of a partially coherent Hermite–Gaussian beam in a slant turbulent channel is studied. The analytical formula for the quantum degree of polarization of a partially coherent Hermite–Gaussian beam is derived based on the quantum Stokes operators and the generalized Huygens–Fresnel principle. It is shown that the zenith angle slightly affects the polarization degree of partially coherent Hermite–Gaussian beams, and the changes of polarization degree are affected by the coherence length, the detection photon-number and the ground refractive index structure parameter. Furthermore, the numerical simulations show that a partially coherent Hermite–Gaussian beam with bigger coherence length, higher photon-number level, lower beam order, shorter wavelength is less affected by the turbulence. These results indicate that one can choose the partially coherent Hermite–Gaussian beam with bigger coherence length, lower beam order, shorter wavelength, higher detection photon-number and set the size of transmitting aperture w₀$w_0$ as about 0.065 m to improve the performance of a polarization-encoded free-space quantum communication system.     

非傍轴双光束势阱产生的辐射力

分析了两束相对传输的非傍轴高斯光束相干叠加形成的双光束势阱对瑞利粒子产生的辐射力,并作了数值计算,结果表明,与傍轴双光束势阱相比,非傍轴双光束势阱的辐射力有明显的不同,纵向辐射力和横向辐射力都增大,y方向平衡点数目由一个增加到多个,且势阱更深,横向辐射力变化趋势更陡,更有利于微粒的精确定位,与非傍轴单光束势阱相比,势阱更深,所产生的辐射力更大,因而更利于控制瑞利粒子。     

非Kolmogorov大气湍流对径向部分相干阵列光束瑞利区间和湍流距离的影响

基于广义的Huygens-Fresnel原理和非Kolmogorov谱模型,推导了无线光通信系统中径向分布部分相干高斯-谢尔模型阵列光束在非Kolmogorov大气湍流中传输时瑞利区间z_R和湍流距离z_T的解析表达式,对瑞利区间和湍流距离随湍流参量和光束参量的变化情况进行了数值分析.结果表明:不论是相干还是非相干合成,径向分布部分相干高斯-谢尔模型阵列光束的z_R和z_T均随湍流广义指数α的增大非单调变化,当α=3.11时,z_R和z_T取最小值,此时阵列光束扩展最大;相干合成比非相干合成的光束扩展要小,但其受湍流的影响更大;对于相干合成而言,径向分布半径r0越大,合成光束的z_R和z_T就越大,而非相干合成的z_R和z_T不受r0的影响;不论是相干还是非相干合成,阵列子光束数目对合成光束的z_R和z_T没有影响;当光束相干参量β足够小或波长λ足够大时,大气湍流对阵列光束z_R的影响可以忽略.     

Radiation forces of highly focused Bessel–Gaussian beams on a dielectric sphere

The radiation force of highly focused Bessel–Gaussian beams (BGBs) on a dielectric sphere in the Rayleigh scattering regime is theoretically investigated. Numerical results demonstrate that the focused BGBs can be used to trap and manipulate the particles with the refractive index lower than that of the ambient. The radiation force caused by the low-order focused BGBs has been studied under different input parameters and different focus lengths of thin lens. The stability conditions of trapping the particles are also analyzed.     

基于调制光束的空间相干性获得局域空心光束

 通过调制部分相干光的空间相干性,实现了局域空心光束的产生。理论上根据范西泰特-策尼克定理及标量衍射积分,构造出具有一定空间相干性的部分相干光,并研究其聚焦特性。实验上采用理论上要求的光学系统来构造具有特定空间相干性的部分相干光,并采用薄透镜聚焦部分相干光。研究表明,当构造出的部分相干光经透镜聚焦,可得到局域空心光束。研究了光学系统的参数及透镜焦距对产生局域空心光束的影响,结果显示：光阑的拦截比及透镜的焦距越大,获得的空心光束的尺寸就越大。     

Two types of definitions for Rayleigh range

A comparison of the Rayleigh range between the two types of definitions (defined by the mean-squared beam width and the effective radius of curvature) is studied analytically and numerically, where the propagation of partially coherent beams both in free space and in atmospheric turbulence are considered. It is shown that the two types of the Rayleigh range definitions are consistent in free space. However, in turbulence the Rayleigh range defined by the mean-squared beam width is smaller than that defined by the effective radius of curvature. The main results obtained in this paper are illustrated by numerical calculation examples, where partially coherent Hermite–Gaussian (PCH–G) beams are considered.     

聚焦部分相干涡旋光束的焦移

基于部分相干光的传输理论获得了部分相干涡旋光束被光阑透镜聚焦后的传输方程。基于这些方程研究了部分相干涡旋光束的焦移现象。研究结果表明,部分相干涡旋光束的焦移不仅依赖于菲涅耳数,而且依赖于光束的相干长度和涡旋光束的拓扑荷数。菲涅耳数越小,焦移量越大;部分相干涡旋光束的相干长度越小,焦移量越大;涡旋光束的拓扑荷数越大,焦移量越大。     

Optically trapping Rayleigh particles by using focused partially coherent multi-rotating elliptical Gaussian beams

By investigating the cross-spectral density of partially coherent multi-rotating elliptical Gaussian beams(REGBs) that propagate through a focusing optical system, we obtain the radiation force on a Rayleigh particle.The radiation force distribution is studied under different beam indexes, coherence widths, and elliptical ratios of the partially coherent multi REGBs. The transverse and the longitudinal trapping ranges can increase at the focal plane by increasing the beam index or decreasing the coherence width. The range of the trapped particle radii increases as the elliptical ratio increases. Furthermore, we analyze the trapping stability.     

Propagation dynamics and optical trapping of a radial Airy array beam

Analytical propagation expression of a radial Airy array beam in coherent and incoherent combination passing through paraxial ABCD system is derived, and used to investigate the effect of combination scheme, array orientation and initial phase of Airy beamlet on propagation dynamics of the resulting beam in free space, where optical spot array and vortex array with different shapes are also found, respectively. And then taking four-beamlet Airy array beam in same array orientation as an example, square optical spot array obtained in focal field can be used for simultaneous trapping multiple Rayleigh particles with relative refractive index larger than 1. The transverse gradient forces serving as restore forces tend to push particles at different initial positions to their individual optical spot center. The analysis of trapping stability indicates that larger input peak intensity of Airy beamlet and smaller particle size are benefit to trapping particle owing to many deeper potential wells. Vortex array produced by coherent combined Airy array beam in this paper is expected to be useful for simultaneous trapping microparticles with relative refractive index smaller than 1.     

部分相干椭球光笼

 从理论上研究部分相干光束经透镜聚焦的三维光强分布。研究结果表明,在几何焦点附近的光强分布不仅依赖于入射部分相干光束的光强分布,而且还依赖于入射光束的空间相干度。基于这一点,提出了一种控制部分相干光束的空间相干度,在几何焦点附近获得了类似椭球光笼形状的光强分布的新方法。通过控制入射部分相干光的空间相干度,来改变聚焦在几何焦点附近的三维光强分布,从而获得希望得到的光强分布。     

细胞光阱刚度与折射率关系理论计算

为了探讨用光镊技术进行细胞折射率的测量方法,用几何光线理论对可作为米氏粒子模型的生物细胞(半径a=10μm,折射率n=1.35~1.70),在单光束梯度力光阱[激光波长λ=780 nm,功率P=6 mW,焦斑半径w(0)=0.6μm、0.8μm和1.0μm]中的轴向光阱刚度与细胞折射率关系进行了数值计算。结果表明,光阱刚度随折射率的变化关系与三次多项式曲线拟合得较好;用测量光阱刚度计算细胞的折射率时,需要用折射率已知的四种标准粒子对三次多项式曲线进行标定。