Vibration spectroscopic study of the interaction of tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) with potassium

The interaction between Alq₃ and potassium was studied by using Raman and infrared spectroscopies. Infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) spectra of Alq₃ films show significant changes after potassium deposition, such as the appearance of new bands and changes in relative intensity. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra obtained using the 413.1 nm line of a Kr⁺ laser reveal similar changes. Changes are even more obvious when the 530.9 nm line was used for excitation. Changes in the SERS for excitation with the 413.1 nm line are less obvious due to a strong photoluminescence. The vibrational pattern of potassium-doped Alq₃ cannot be explained by the formation of radical anion by simple charge transfer, indicating the excess electron is not delocalized over the molecule. The observed spectral change suggests that the potassium atom interacts with both nitrogen and oxygen atoms of Alq₃ molecule.     

Electrical bistability of tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3)/ZnSe organic-inorganic bistable device

We present that the electrical bistability in organic-inorganic bistable devices based on tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq₃) and zinc selenide (ZnSe) with the tri-layer structure of Alq₃/aluminum (Al)/ZnSe. The current-voltage characteristics of the bistable device exhibit two electrical states as low (OFF state) and high (ON state) conductivity with ON/OFF ratio about four orders of magnitude. The conduction mechanisms in both ON and OFF states were analyzed by theoretical model. In the OFF state, the conduction mechanisms can be explained by thermionic emission model, which the ON state can be described by ohmic conduction model. The retention times of both states are more than 8000 s, and the device can reproduce continuous write-read-erase-read switching cycles. Moreover, for the organic-inorganic bistable device was kept at one year in ambient condition without encapsulation. The device still exhibited the electrical bistable behavior. Consequently, the ZnSe layer may be led to improve the lifetime property of the bistable device which acted as a self-encapsulating layer.     

自组装银膜增强8-羟基喹啉铝(Alq_3)光致发光的实验和理论研究

实验和理论研究了不同自组装密度的银纳米颗粒膜对8-羟基喹啉铝(Alq_3)光致发光的影响,结果表明:Alq_3光致发光的表观增强和发射增强因子与银纳米颗粒膜密度呈正相关关系,最大值约为3.2和13;理论计算表明银纳米颗粒膜对Alq_3光致发光的量子效率和发射的最大增强因子约为1.4和15,对比实验和理论结果,金属纳米颗粒膜的近场场强增强是导致Alq3光致发光发射强度增强的主要因素,且Alq_3光致发光效率与Alq_3相对银纳米颗粒的分布和"热点"区域面积覆盖率有关。     

室温下磁场对基于Alq3的有机电致发光器件的影响

制备了ITO/NPB/LiF/Alq₃/LiF/Al的器件,测量了该组器件效率和亮度的磁效应.结果表明,在50 mT磁场中,当LiF缓冲层厚度为0.8 nm时,器件的效率最大增加了12.4%,磁致亮度最大变化率17%.同时,制备的磷光器件ITO/NPB/LiF/CBP:6 wt% Ir(ppy)₃/BCP/Alq₃/ LiF/Al,在50mT磁场作用下,当LiF缓冲层的厚度为0.8 nm时,器件的效率最大增加12.1%.在Alq_{3 关键词： 有机发光 磁场 效率 磁致亮度}     

八-羟基喹啉铝薄膜光致发光的厚度依赖性质

通过原位测量对八-羟基喹啉铝薄膜(Alq_3)光致发光的厚度依赖性质进行了研究.在 Alq_3向玻璃衬底沉积的初始阶段,Alq_3光致发光谱峰发生了显著红移,此后谱峰随着 Alq_3厚度的增加红移变缓并趋于饱和.Alq_3薄膜厚度从2nm 逐渐变化到500nm 时,Alq_3谱峰位总红移约为12nm.这种 Alq_3薄膜沉积的初始阶段 Alq_3谱峰的显著红移可归因于二维激子向三维激子态的转变.同时,由于激子同衬底的相互作用所引起的非辐射衰变,在 Alq_3沉积的初始阶段 Alq_3光致发光谱峰的强度呈现不同的变化,随后该谱峰的强度随 Alq_3薄膜厚度的增加而快速增加,并在薄膜厚度较大时,趋向于饱和.     

Synthesis and electroluminescent property of dinuclear aluminum 8-hydroxyquinoline complex

A new structural dinuclear aluminum 8-hydroxyquinoline complex (DAlq₃) with two aluminum chelate-center was designed and synthesized. It was assessed as light-emitting material in organic light-emitting device (OLED). The green light emission was observed in films and OLEDs. DAlq₃ has better electron mobility and also shows a higher electroluminescence (EL) efficiency than that of aluminum 8-hydroxyquinoline (Alq₃).     

Two peaks observed in the electroluminescence spectra of Alq3-based OLEDs

Tris(8-hydroxyquinolato) aluminum (Alq₃)-based organic light-emitting diodes were fabricated with or without using a hole transport layer (HTL). As a conventional device, the ITO/Alq₃/Mg-Ag device yielded a green-light emission with a single peak at 525 nm in the electroluminescence (EL) spectrum. In contrast, two sub-peaks were observed in the EL spectrum of some ITO/HTL/Alq₃/Mg-Ag devices. This difference was tentatively explained by comparing EL with the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum reported in the literature.     

A novel method for preparation of 8-hydroxyquinoline functionalized mesoporous silica: Aluminum complexes and photoluminescence studies

8-Hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) was attached to mesoporous silica by sulfonamide bond formation between 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonyl chloride (8-HQ-SO₂Cl) and aminopropyl functionalized SBA-15 (designated as SBA-SPS-Q) and then aluminum complexes of 8-HQ was covalently bonded to SBA-SPS-Q using coordinating ability of grafted 8-HQ.The prepared materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), elemental analysis and fluorescence spectra. The environmental effects on the emission spectra of grafted 8-HQ and its complexes were studied and discussed in details.     

Electronic states and phosphorescence of dendron functionalized platinum(II) acetylides

The photophysical properties of bis((4-(phenylethynyl)phenyl)ethynyl)bis(tributylphosphine) platinum(II) with 2,2-bis(methylol)propionic acid (bis-MPA) dendritic substituents were studied. The fluorescence emission decay upon excitation in the UV (typically 350-380 nm) was rapid, in the order of 1 ns or shorter. In oxygen-saturated tetrahydrofuran solvent, the phosphorescence decay time was in the order of 200 ns. Bright phosphorescence at 530 nm was found for dendrimers under certain conditions. The associated phosphorescence decay time considerably increased to above 100-200 μs at higher concentrations (30-100 μM), and in oxygen-evacuated samples. Thus, it was clarified that the strongest triplet quenching was caused by oxygen dissolved in the sample, since it was possible to reversibly go between the bright and quenched phosphorescent state by freeze-thaw pumping cycles. The bright phosphorescence formed spontaneously for the cases with the larger dendritic substituents is implying a chromophore protecting effect. From time-dependent density functional calculations, the electronic structure of a few low-lying singlet and triplet states are discussed. A new mechanism for efficient triplet state formation and phosphorescence of Pt-ethynyls is proposed. Here, a fast relaxation via internal conversion takes the excited population of the dominant π→π* excitation into a lower singlet state of ligand-to-metal charge transfer character of πσ* type. This allows an efficient inter system crossing to the triplet state manifold.     

复合阴极缓冲层Alq_3∶CsF对CuPc/C_(60)电池性能的影响

通过Alq_3∶CsF复合阴极缓冲层来优化CuPc/C_(60)有机小分子太阳能电池的性能。当Alq_3∶CsF厚度为5nm,CsF的掺杂比例为4%时,加入复合阴极缓冲层器件较Alq_3阴极缓冲层器件的能量转化效率提高了49%,到达0.76%,并且在室温、大气的条件下,器件的稳定性也得到了保持,与未加阴极缓冲层的器件相比,半衰期提高了6倍,达到9.8h。通过紫外-可见吸收、外量子效率和单载流子传输器件等研究了器件效率改善的主要原因是掺入CsF后,调节界面能级,改善了Alq_3的电子传输特性,提高了器件的短路电流和填充因子。比较分析复合阴极缓冲层器件于空气中放置不同的时间的电流电压曲线,表明Alq_3∶CsF可以保持Alq_3的良好稳定性,可以很好地阻挡氧气与水分的扩散,提高器件的寿命。     

MgF2与Alq3(八羟基喹啉)反应的高分辨电子能量损失谱研究

介绍了用高分辨电子能量损失谱(HREELS)研究MgF₂与Alq₃(八羟基 喹啉)的反应.结果表明无论MgF₂蒸镀到Alq₃上或Alq₃蒸镀到MgF_{2上，MgF2与Alq3均发生了相同的反应.在反应中，对应于Alq3分子非平面苯环弯曲振动的能量损失峰位置发生了移 动.HREELS的研究结果表明从MgF2中的Mg与Alq3中的Al,O和N相互作用，Mg 的位置处于Alq3分子的平面外. 关键词： 2}')" href="#">MgF₂ 八羟基喹啉 高分辨电子能量损失谱     

Analysis on fluorescence of dual excitable Eu(TTA)3DPBT in toluene solution and PMMA

Photoluminescence of Eu(TTA)₃DPBT (TTA=thenoyltrifluoro-acetonate DPBT=2-(N,N-diethylanilin-4-yl)-4,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine) in toluene and PMMA thin film are measured with excitation at 350 and 404 nm, respectively, and analyzed using Judd-Ofelt theory. Under excitation at 350 nm, it is found that Eu(TTA)₃DPBT in toluene has a larger Ω₂ value (14.33×10⁻²⁰ cm²) than that (12.70×10⁻²⁰ cm²) of Eu(TTA)₃Phen (Phen=1,10-phenanthroline) in the same solvent, and has a smaller Ω₂ value (12.70×10⁻²⁰ cm²) in PMMA than that (Ω₂=14.09×10⁻²⁰ cm²) of Eu(TTA)₃Phen in PMMA. At the same time, it can be seen that under excitation at 350 nm Ω₂ value of Eu(TTA)₃DPBT in toluene is larger than that in PMMA. Excited by 404 nm, Ω₂ of Eu(TTA)₃DPBT obtained in toluene and in PMMA are the same as that excited at 350 nm. The transition probability (A), emission cross-section (σ) and the fluorescence branching ratio (β) are also evaluated. The lifetime of ⁵D₀ metastable state is measured on 350 and 404 nm excitation, respectively. For the former situation, it is 455 μs in toluene and 640 μs in PMMA, for the latter it is 460 μs in toluene and 664 μs in PMMA. By comparing absorptions with excitations, it can be found that DPBT is more efficient than TTA as an energy donor. Phosphorescence spectra are also measured to estimate the lowest triplet level and analyze the energy transfer for DPBT and TTA, from which it is found that the energy transfer from TTA to DPBT occurs in the luminescent process.     

Theoretical Studies on the Ground State and Excited State of 2,70-(Ethylene)-bis-8-hydroxyquinoline

采用DFT/B3LYP和HF方法优化了2,70-(乙烯基)-二-8-羟基喹啉的构型,计算了该化合物的电子亲合势、电离势,利用ZINDO半经验方法和含时密度泛函方法(TD-DFT)计算了吸收光谱的数值,用CIS方法优化了第一激发单态并在此基础上计算了发射光谱,当考虑溶剂化效应后,实验光谱与计算光谱符合得相当好. 通过分析能量与光谱数值,该化合物的电子传输能力强于8-羟基喹啉,吸收光谱和发射光谱发生红移. 通过分子内重组能的计算,三-2,70-(乙烯基)-二-8-羟基喹啉铝（Albiq3）的电子传输性能比三-8-羟基喹啉铝的差,比较两配合物的发射光谱,Albiq3的最大发射波长红移.     

Investigation of an efficient YbF3/Al cathode for tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum-based small molecular organic light-emitting diodes

Efficient tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq₃)-based organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) using YbF₃ as the electron injection layer have been investigated. With an YbF₃ (3.0 nm)/Al cathode, the device with Alq₃ as the emitting layer achieved a better performance than the control device with a LiF (0.5 nm)/Al cathode. The release of the low-work-function metal Yb is responsible for the performance enhancement. From the analysis by atomic force spectroscopy and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, it is observed that the Alq₃-cathode interface could be well covered by YbF₃ at an optimum thickness of 3.0 nm, which helps to prevent the contact between Alq₃ and Al, and to reduce the destruction of Alq₃ by Al.     

Diode-laser spectroscopy: Temperature dependence of R (0) line in the ν4 band of CH4 perturbed by N2 and O2

In this paper, we present a line profile study of the R (0) line in the ν₄ band of methane diluted in nitrogen and oxygen, from room temperature to 153 K. The measurements were performed over a total pressure range from 14 to 128 mbar. The collisional broadening and narrowing (Dicke effect) coefficients are derived from a fit of the experimental spectra by using the soft and hard collision models, taking into account the Dicke effect. For higher pressures, we have fitted the data with a model taking into account simultaneously the Dicke narrowing and the speed dependence effect. Finally, we have deduced the parameter n of the temperature dependence (inverse power law) of the broadening coefficients for the CH₄-N₂ and CH₄-O₂ gas mixtures.     

2(8-羟基喹啉)-2(苯酚)合锆薄膜的制备与性能研究

设计合成了一种新型的有机电致发光材料2(8-羟基喹啉)-2(苯酚)合锆(Zr(OPh)₂q₂),制备了Zr(OPh)₂q₂薄膜,并利用红外光谱、差热-热重谱、扫描电镜、X射线衍射谱、UV吸收谱和荧光光谱等方法研究了其晶态、热稳定性、能带结构以及光致发光机理。结果表明,Zr(OPh)₂q₂的熔点为381.2 ℃,分解温度为467.1 ℃,具有非常高的热稳定性,利用真空热蒸镀方法很容易在经过净化处理的玻璃基底上形成高质量、无定形纳米级薄膜,在390 nm紫外光的激发下,Zr(OPh)₂q₂薄膜产生发光峰为525 nm、半峰宽度为107.6 nm的强黄绿色荧光,其粉体产生强黄色荧光,是一种性能优良的电致发光材料。     

正磷酸盐晶体Ba3(PO4)2和Sr3(PO4)2高温拉曼光谱研究

测量了碱土金属正磷酸盐Ba₃(PO₄)₂和Sr₃(PO₄)₂常温及高温拉曼光谱, 对拉曼振动模式进行指认, 并分析了晶体拉曼振动光谱及晶体结构在高温下的变化. 在温度升高的过程中, 拉曼振动频率向低频移动且振动峰宽度展宽, 晶体中的P-O平均键长随温度升高而变长, 但O-P-O的键角并未发生变化. 晶体在900 ℃以下无结构相变发生. 关键词： 3(PO₄)₂和Sr₃(PO₄)₂')" href="#">Ba₃(PO₄)₂和Sr₃(PO₄)₂ 高温拉曼光谱 振动模式 高温结构     

Temperature dependence of pressure broadening of NH3 perturbed by H2 and N2

The temperature dependence of pressure broadening of 134 rovibrational transitions of several branches in the ν₄ and 2ν₂ bands of ammonia perturbed by H₂ and N₂ has been measured using a high-resolution Fourier transform spectrometer. The temperature range covered during the experiments was between 235 and 296 K. The pressure-broadening linewidths were obtained using the method of multipressure fitting to the measured shapes of the lines. These broadenings were also calculated using a semiclassical model leading to a reasonable agreement with the observations and reproduces well the strong systematic experimental J and K quantum number dependencies. The retrieved values of the linewidths, along with those previously determined from the spectra at room temperature, were used to derive the temperature dependence of both H₂ and N₂ broadening of NH₃ lines. The broadening coefficients were shown to fit closely the well-known exponential law. For both experimental and theoretical results, the temperature exponent n has been obtained. Careful inspection of the experimental values shows that, contrary to the linewidths, the coefficient n is nearly K independent within each J multiplet. Also for a given J it does not seem to exhibit any noticeable variation with the type of rotational transition. On the other hand, the calculated n values exhibit a strong J and K systematic dependencies. n increases with K for a given J, decreases with J for a given K and are independent of the type of rotational transition.     

Photoluminescence of bis(8-hydroxyquinoline) zinc (Znq2) and magnesium (Mgq2)

Absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra, PL quantum efficiency, and PL lifetime have been investigated on bis(8-hydroxyquinoline) zinc (Znq₂) and magnesium (Mgq₂) in solutions and powder. Znq₂ and Mgq₂ have the lowest-energy absorption band at 376 and 396 nm in acetonitrile solution, respectively, and emission band with peak at 555 and 480 nm. The PL quantum efficiency is 0.03 and 0.45 for Znq₂ and Mgq₂ in the solution, respectively, while 0.45 and 0.36 in powder. Unlike the case of powders, two PL lifetimes are obtained in solutions. The longer lifetime is attributed to molecule having interaction with its neighboring molecule, while the shorter one to the isolated single molecule.     

Davydov splitting and two-photon excitation of cadmium tungstate (CdWO4) single crystal phosphorescence

Phosphorescence characteristics of CdWO₄ excited by one-photon (λ = 308 nm) and two-photon (λ = 570–590 nm) processes were measured. A Davydov splitting of 120 ± 20 cm⁻¹ was obtained in the phosphorescence spectra, suggesting a diffusion coefficient of about 1.2 × 10⁻² cm² s⁻¹, and a diffusion length of about 3.1 × 10⁻⁴ cm for the room temperature measured lifetime of 8μs. The phosphorescence quantum efficiency was less than 2% at low temperatures (only 0.25% at room temperature), indicating that the dominant decay mechanism was radiationless. The radiative lifetime was thus estimated as 1–2 ms. The two-photon phosphorescence excitation is characterized by an absorption cross-section of the order of 10⁻⁴⁹cm⁴s.