用简便方法组装二维模板银纳米阵列

通过制备甲基和羧基混合自组装单层膜, 然后在羧基基团上选择性地生长银制备二维模板银纳米阵列. 利用微接触印刷在金膜上制备模板自组装单层膜, 也就是利用具有二维微米图案的弹力印模把有机巯基化合物转移到金膜上. 改善的银镜反应被用来制备银纳米结构, 银纳米粒子选择性地生长在二维模板有机单分子层的羧基位置. 甲醇作为还原剂具有高的选择性和原子经济性, 一分子甲醇可以还原六个银离子. 利用原子力显微镜和扫描电子显微镜确定了银纳米结构的形貌, 用拉曼光谱研究银纳米结构的光学性质.     

荧光金纳米团簇在小分子化合物检测中的应用

金纳米团簇(gold nanoclusters,Au NCs)是一种新型的荧光纳米材料,由几个到几百个原子组成,尺寸接近于电子的费米波长。由于量子尺寸效应,金纳米团簇显示出独特的光学特性。荧光金纳米团簇具有尺寸小、水溶性好、光物理性质好、比表面积大、表面易于修饰以及荧光性质随尺寸可调等优点,是近年来的研究热点。通过改变配体或者生物支架合成的各种荧光金纳米团簇,在传感检测、纳米标记、医学成像和光电子学等领域具有潜在的应用前景。作为新型荧光探针,荧光金纳米团簇已成功用于对阳离子、阴离子及重要的生物活性物质如过氧化氢、葡萄糖、谷胱甘肽、三磷酸腺苷、氨基酸等小分子化合物的检测。本文结合当前的研究现状,介绍了金纳米团簇在小分子化合物荧光检测中的应用,并简要评述了金纳米团簇研究中所面临的挑战及应用前景。     

硫醇保护的金纳米粒子与三苯基膦的独特反应性

<正>金纳米团簇是一类重要的簇状化合物。早期的研究表明,膦对金纳米团簇具有保护作用~1,但是这类团簇稳定性较差,限制了很多科学研究和实际应用。近年来人们把目光转向了相对较稳定的硫醇保护的金纳米团簇,并取得了极大进展~(2,3)。配体交换法~(4–7)是当今合成新团簇的一种主要方法。由于硫醇比膦化合物更容易吸附在金纳米团     

原子精确的金纳米团簇在催化中的配体效应

正金纳米团簇具有确定的组成和结构,作为模型化合物有助于理解物质结构与性能之间的关系。量子尺寸效应使金纳米团簇具有一些特殊的物理化学性质,因此在催化、生物、传感、光电等方面具有广泛的应用价值~(1,2)。目前国际上报道的结构确定的金纳米团簇主要包括硫醇、膦配体、炔配体以及混合配体保护的金纳米团簇~(3–7)。这些金纳米团簇可以作为模型催化剂来研究催化剂的结构与性能关     

金纳米晶制备和表面修饰中的分子配体

配体在纳米晶的制备和表面功能化过程中起着至关重要的作用。本文对金纳米晶制备和表面修饰中常见的分子配体,如柠檬酸根、巯基化合物、表面活性剂、树枝状分子、生物分子等的研究进展进行了概述。重点介绍了不同分子配体在金纳米晶尺寸形貌控制及表面功能化等方面的特点和作用,并对相关研究领域未来的发展趋势进行了展望。     

金纳米粒子修饰聚合物固相微萃取整体柱的制备及其性能研究

通过在毛细管聚合物整体柱表面修饰金纳米粒子,制备了一种可选择性捕获含巯基化合物的固相微萃取整体柱.首先制备聚(甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯-乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯)整体柱,在其表面化学修饰半胱胺;通过半胱胺上的巯基基团将金纳米粒子固定在整体柱的孔表面.以巯基类化合物为探针,评价了固相微萃取整体柱的萃取性能.结果表明,由于Au对巯...     

选择性控制的配体工程在金团簇催化中的作用

金团簇表面的硫醇配体影响着团簇的催化性质,尤其是选择性.我们采用在真空条件下通过程序升温的方法逐渐剥除金团簇表面的硫醇配体来制备催化剂,利用透射电镜,红外光谱对催化剂结构进行表征,以硝基化合物催化还原反应为模型反应,详细研究了配体对催化活性和选择性的影响.研究发现因配体被剥离导致底物更容易接近团簇表面,最终使得反应转换率大幅升高.实验结果还表明金团簇催化剂催化不同官能团取代的底物显示了良好的官能团兼容性,有吸电子效应的硫配体使团簇表面带正电荷,进而避免苯胺衍生物的产生.     

硫醇类配体修饰金纳米粒子在嵌段共聚物中自组装的研究进展

本文综述了不同类型硫醇配体修饰金纳米粒子的合成方法以及功能性金纳米粒子在嵌段共聚物薄膜中的自组装研究进展,重点介绍了硫醇类配体修饰金纳米粒子的合成方法,包括Brust合成法、原位合成法、grafting from合成法、配体置换法、单晶模板法等。总结了硫醇基小分子或聚合物配体修饰的金纳米粒子与嵌段共聚物之间自组装的调控方法,如利用配体与嵌段共聚物组分的隔离作用、配体与嵌段共聚物组分形成的氢键作用、溶剂蒸气退火或热退火等诱导嵌段共聚物/纳米粒子复合薄膜自组装。展望了功能性金纳米粒子以及嵌段共聚物/金纳米复合材料的发展方向。     

金纳米粒子修饰毛细管硅胶整体柱的制备及其电色谱性能研究

通过毛细管硅胶整体柱表面修饰十八烷基硫醇金纳米粒子,制备了一种新型毛细管电色谱固定相.制备金纳米粒子修饰整体柱时,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备毛细管硅胶整体柱,并在其表面化学修饰3-巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷;通过巯基基团固载金纳米粒子于整体柱上,再共价键合十八烷基硫醇于金纳米粒子表面.以甲苯为探针,对理论塔板高度与流动相线速度之间...     

多策略可控合成原子精度合金纳米团簇（英文）

合金纳米团簇作为一类新兴的多功能纳米材料已被广泛用于催化、光学传感以及生物医学成像等研究领域,而纳米团簇的可控合成和结构特征是调节纳米团簇性质并对其进一步利用的基础。尽管当前有关金属纳米团簇可控合成和结构特征的研究主要集中在单金属纳米团簇中,但有关合金纳米团簇原子精度的可控合成也取得了显著的进展。本文综述了配体保护的合金金属纳米团簇原子精度可控合成策略,包括一步合成法、金属交换、配体交换、化学刻蚀、簇间反应、原位两相配体交换以及最新的表面模体交换反应,并对相关合成策略的优缺点进行了详细的讨论和阐述。     

Preparation temperature dependence of size and polydispersity of alkylthiol monolayer protected gold clusters

The influence of preparation temperature on the size and size distribution of dodecylthiol monolayer protected gold clusters was studied. The monolayer protected clusters (MPCs) were synthesized by two different variations of the Brust-Schiffrin procedure. In all of the experiments, the stoichiometry of the reactants dodecylthiol, HAuCl(4), and sodium borohydride was kept constant, while the temperature was varied in the range of -18 to +90 degrees C. Two series were performed in which an aqueous solution of NaBH(4) was either added over 30 s or all in one portion. The size and size distribution of the MPCs were determined by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It has been demonstrated that in general the MPC size increases with elevated preparation temperatures.     

Gold nanoclusters protected by conformationally constrained peptides

The preparation and properties of a series of gold nanoclusters protected by thiolated peptides based on the alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) unit are described. The peptides were devised to form 0-3 C=O...H-N intramolecular hydrogen bonds, as required by their 3(10)-helical structure. The monolayer-protected clusters (MPCs) were prepared, using a modified version of the two-phase Brust-Schiffrin preparation, and fully characterized with (1)H NMR spectrometry, IR and UV-vis absorption spectroscopies, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The MPCs were obtained with core diameters in the range of 1.1-2.3 nm, depending on the reaction conditions. Structured peptides formed smaller clusters. The smallest MPC obtained is in agreement with the average formula Au(38)Pep(18). The results showed that the chemical integrity of the peptide is maintained upon monolayer formation and that the average number of peptide ligands per gold cluster is typically 75-85% the value calculated for alkanethiolate MPCs of similar sizes. The IR and NMR spectra indicated that in the monolayer the peptides are involved in both intra- and interligand C=O...H-N hydrogen bonds.     

Catalytic Oxidation of Ascorbic Acid on 2D and 3D Monolayers of 4‐Hydroxythiophenol

Monolayers of 4‐hydroxythiophenol (4‐HTP) immobilized on gold electrode (2D SAMs) or gold nanoclusters (3D SAMs) lead to catalytic oxidation of ascorbic acid (AA). The catalytic role of the modified clusters was revealed by comparing the electrodes covered by 1,9‐nonanedithiol and the same nonanedithiol monolayer decorated by 4‐HTP protected clusters. The 4‐HTP protected gold nanoclusters supported on a metal surface using a monolayer of 1,9‐nonanedithiol as the bridge, transferred charge to ascorbic acid (AA) molecule in the solution more efficiently than when the same 4‐HTP monolayer was formed directly on the gold electrode.     

Synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles stabilized by palladium(II) phosphine thiol

This work is focused on the synthesis of innovative hybrids made by linking gold nanoparticles to protected organometallic Pd(II) thiolate. The organometallic protected Pd(II) thiolate, i.e. trans-thioacetate-ethynylphenyl-bis(tributylphosphine)palladium(II) has been synthesized, in situ deprotected and linked to Au nanoparticles. In this way new hybrid, with a direct link between Pd(II) and Au nanoparticles through a single S bridge, has been isolated. The combination of the organometallic Pd(II) thiol with gold nanoparticles allows the enhancement and tailoring of electronic and optical properties of the new organic-inorganic nano-compound. Single-crystal gold nanoparticles, uniform in shape and size were obtained by applying a modified two-phase method (improved Brust-Schiffrin reaction). In addition, the chemical environment of the Au nanoparticles was investigated and a covalent bonding between Au nanoparticles and the organometallic thiols was observed.     

Water-soluble gold nanoparticles protected by fluorinated amphiphilic thiolates

The preparation and the properties of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) protected by perfluorinated amphiphiles are described. The thiols were devised to form a perfluorinated region close to the gold surface and to have a hydrophilic portion in contact with the bulk solvent to impart solubility in water. The monolayer protected clusters were prepared, in an homogeneous phase using sodium thiolates because of the low nucleophilicity of the alpha-perfluorinated thiols, and fully characterized with (1)H, (19)F NMR spectrometry, IR and UV-vis absorption spectroscopies, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Au NPs with core diameters ranging from 1.6 to 2.9 nm, depending on the reaction conditions, were obtained. Water-soluble NPs (MPC-F8-PEGs) were obtained with the thiol HS-F8-PEG ending with a short poly(ethylene glycol) unit (PEG-OMe 550), whereas thiols with shorter PEG chains give rise to NPs insoluble in water. MPC-F8-PEGs undergo an exchange reaction with amphiphilic alkyl thiols. ESR investigations, using a hydrophobic radical probe, indicate that the MPC-F8-PEG monolayer shows a greater hydrophobicity compared to the analogous hydrogenated monolayer.     

Inhibition and acceleration of deuterium exchange in amide-functionalized monolayer-protected gold clusters

Hydrogen/deuterium exchange rates in amide-functionalized monolayer protected gold clusters (MPCs) are controlled by the radial nature of the surface, with inhibition and catalysis observed at different chain lengths.     

Model systems for flavoenzyme activity: recognition and redox modulation of flavin mononucleotide in water using nanoparticles

We have used mixed monolayer protected gold clusters (MMPCs) to provide flavoenzyme model systems with a high affinity and ability to modulate cofactor reduction potential.     

Magic-numbered Au(n) clusters protected by glutathione monolayers (n = 18, 21, 25, 28, 32, 39): isolation and spectroscopic characterization

Small gold clusters (<1 nm) protected by a glutathione (GSH) monolayer were fractionated into six components by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and their chemical compositions were investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy. The results demonstrate isolation of a series of magic-numbered gold clusters, Au18(SG)11, Au21(SG)12, Au25+/-1(SG)14+/-1, Au28(SG)16, Au32(SG)18, and Au39(SG)23. Their optical absorption spectra are highly structured with clear absorption onsets, which shift toward higher energies with reduction of the core size. These molecular-like gold clusters exhibit visible photoluminescence. The results reported herein provide helpful guidelines or starting points for further experimental and theoretical studies on structures, stabilities, and optical properties of monolayer-protected gold clusters.     

Photo-deposition and film formation of benzenethiol monolayer protected clusters in halogenated media

2.1 nm benzenethiol monolayer protected gold clusters undergo solvent dependant photoinduced deposition with potential applications in the field of nanoparticle film formation.     

Electrochemical resolution of 15 oxidation states for monolayer protected gold nanoparticles

The first observation of 15 voltammetric quantized charging peaks for a solution of hexanethiol-capped gold nanoparticles (so-called monolayer protected clusters MPCs) at room temperature is reported where the variation in peak spacing with increasing charge stored in the metal core is discussed in terms of MPC capacitance.