ZSM-5分子筛氮化的密度泛函理论研究

利用量子化学中的密度泛函理论,基于ZSM-5分子筛的8T簇模型,在Gaussian 98程序中采用B3LYP方法和6-311G(d,p)基组计算了ZSM-5分子筛中氮的最佳取代位置.计算结果表明,分子筛骨架中氧原子被氮原子取代的最佳位置为O11和O21位.由于位于B酸位上的O11原子是氮原子的最佳取代位置之一,所以氮化可以减弱分子筛表面的B酸强度.     

Mo/ZSM-5 分子筛碳化钼活性中心结构及甲烷活化机理的密度泛函理论研究

 应用密度泛函理论 (DFT) 研究了 Mo/HZSM-5 分子筛上碳化钼活性中心的几何结构和电子结构, 以及甲烷 C–H 键在该活性中心上的活化机理. 设计了两种碳化钼单体模型 Mo(CH2)2/ZSM-5 和 Mo(CH2)2CH3/ZSM-5, 两种碳化钼双体模型 Mo2(CH2)4/ZSM-5 和 Mo2(CH2)5/ZSM-5. 其中单钼模型构建在 ZSM-5 分子筛孔道交叉点 T6 位的 Brönsted 酸位上, 双钼模型构建在 T6---T6 相邻双酸位上. 这些模型中都有 Mo=CH2 键, 结构优化后得到的 Mo–C 键长与实验值吻合. 所有模型的前线分子轨道都在 Mo=CH2 的 π 键上. 甲烷活化过程是发生 C–H 键异裂, H+和 H3C–残基分别进攻 Mo=CH2 键的 C 和 Mo, 使 π 键同时断裂. 在以上 4 种碳化钼模型上, 甲烷 C–H 键活化能都在 106~196 kJ/mol, 且 Mo2(CH2)5/ZSM-5 在甲烷活化过程中显示出最高的催化活性.     

碱金属盐对ZSM-5分子筛晶化的影响

Effect of different alkali metal salts on the crystal size and the crystallization rate of ZSM-5 zeolite was de-tailedly investigated in this paper. The samples prepared by adding the different alkali metal salts were character-ized by using XRD， TEM， TG-DSC， BET and IR techniques. The XRD results showed that， for the nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite， the characteristic peaks broadened on the XRD patterns in comparison with the microsized ZSM-5 zeolite. The SEM results verified that the crystal size of zeolites prepared by adding different alkali metal salts had different results， and adding NaCl， NaC₂H₃O₂ and KCl showed the better effect of reducing crystal size， which are about of 40～60nm size. The crystallization curve of adding the different alkali metal salts suggested that the crystallization rate was significantly affected by the anions in the alkali metal salt besides the cations. Moreover， the crystal size likewise depended on the anion in the alkali metal salt. In addition， the BET results suggested that the nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite possessed a larger outer surface area in comparison with the microsized ZSM-5 zeolite. The thermostability of the samples was determined by TG-DSC technique， indicating that the nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite had a poor thermostability as compared with the microsized ZSM-5 zeolite. The possible difference of the samples with different crystal sizes on IR spectra was also given.     

红外光谱法研究不同硅铝比的ZSM-5及ZSM-11分子筛的骨架振动

红外光谱法研究分子筛的骨架振动得出了在X、Y等沸石分子筛骨架上振动频率与四面体中铝含量的线性关系^[1]。但未见到有关ZSM-5型的报道.本文用红外光谱法系壳探讨了硅铝比和ZSM-5及ZSM-11的骨架振动频率之间的线性关系,并将由IR得到的SiO₂/Al₂O₃比与化学分析值进行了比较。     

用密度泛函理论研究NO在H-ZSM-5分子筛不同酸性位的吸附

利用密度泛函理论(DFT),基于7T簇模型,在B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)水平上研究了NO分子在H-ZSM-5分子筛孔道中α,β,γ酸性位的吸附.在计算过程中,首先对H-ZSM-5的α,β,γ酸性位进行优化计算,然后对NO分子η1-N和η1-O两种吸附模式的红外光谱和吸附能进行计算.计算结果表明,NO分子以η1-N模式吸附于H-ZSM-5分子筛酸性位上,不同酸性位对NO分子的吸附能力排序为:α酸性位>β酸性位>γ酸性位.此外,H-ZSM-5分子筛直型孔道更有利于NO分子的吸附和扩散,因而可更有效地促进NO分子催化分解反应的进行.     

ZSM-5分子筛膜的研究进展

本文分析了ZSM-5分子筛膜的主要合成方法和研究现状,总结了ZSM-5分子筛膜的缺陷与修饰方法,指出了ZSM-5分子筛膜的表征手段是以XRD、SEM、TEM和单组分气体渗透等为主,对ZSM-5分子筛膜的应用和前景进行了展望。     

靛蓝及其取代物的密度泛函理论研究

运用量子化学中密度泛函理论(DFT)方法,在B3LYP／6-31G^ 水平上对靛蓝及其芳环4,4′-,5,5′-,6,6′-,7,7′-取代衍生物进行理论计算．探讨了F,Cl,Br,NO2,CH3O,CH3在不同位置的取代对分子的几何构型、电子结构和电子光谱的影响,获得与实验结果相一致的结论．还用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)方法在相同水平计算其电子光谱．结果表明靛蓝及其芳环取代衍生物的最低激发单重态(S1)均源自HOMO-LUMO(π-π^*)跃迁．     

ZSM-5分子筛膜的研究进展

本文分析了ZSM-5分子筛膜的主要合成方法和研究现状,总结了ZSM-5分子筛膜的缺陷与修饰方法,指出了ZSM-5分子筛膜的表征手段是以XRD、SEM、TEM和单组分气体渗透等为主,对ZSM-5分子筛膜的应用和前景进行了展望.     

ZSM-5分子筛膜的研究进展

本文分析了ZSM-5分子筛膜的主要合成方法和研究现状,总结了ZSM-5分子筛膜的缺陷与修饰方法,指出了ZSM-5分子筛膜的表征手段是以XRD、SEM、TEM和单组分气体渗透等为主,对ZSM-5分子筛膜的应用和前景进行了展望。     

高硅ZSM-5分子筛和二次合成Ti-ZSM-5分子筛的结构

运用度角旋转（MAS）和交叉极化（CP）等核磁共振波谱和红外光谱技术，分别对采用不同模板剂制备的高硅ZSM－5分子筛和以此为母体，经气固同晶取代法得到Ti－ZSM－5分子筛的结构特性进行了研究．结果表明：在水热法合成高硅ZSM-5分子筛过程中，模板剂明显制约着所制得的分子筛的结构特性．通过选用合适的模板剂，可直接获得具有正交晶系结构的高硅ZSM－5分子筛．在随后的气固相同晶取代过程中，钛原子通过占据分子筛骨架中的缺陷位进入骨架，形成具有一定Ti／Si比例的钛硅分子筛（Ti－ZSM－5）。骨架结构中缺陷位的含量直接影响分子筛的载钛量。     

Density Functional Investigations into the Adsorption of Methanol on Isomorphously Substituted ZSM—5

The adsorption of methanol in the acid sites of zeolites has attracted a great deal of attention because of its relevance to the industrial methanol to gasoline conversion process. In this work, the B3LYP hybrid density functional method was used to investigate the adsorption behavior of methanol on Bronsted acid sites in B, Al, Ga and Fe isomorphously substituted ZSM-5 zeolites. The optimized structures reveal a physisorbed methanol interacting with the zeolite framework through two hydrogen bonds. The order of the computed adsorption energy correlates with the acid strength of the isomorphously substituted ZSM-5: B-ZSM-5《Fe-ZSM-5相似文献   

Theoretical Study of Ethanethiol Adsorption on HZSM-5 Zeolite

The density functional theory and the cluster model methods have been employed to investigate the interactions between ethanethiol and HZSM-5 zeolites. Molecular complexes formed by the adsorption of ethanethiol on silanol H3SiOH with two coordination forms, model Bronsted acid sites of zeolite cluster H3Si(OH)Al(OH)2SiH3 interaction with ethanethiol, aluminum species adsorbed ethanethiol have been comparatively studied. Full optimization and frequency analysis of all cluster models have been carried out using B3LYP hybrid method at 3-21G basis level for hydrogen atoms and 6-31G(d) basis set level for silicon, aluminum, oxygen, carbon, and sulfur atoms. The structures and energy changes of different coordination forms of H3Si(OH)Al(OH)2SiH3-ethanethiol, silanol-ethanethiol and Al(OH)3-ethanethiol have been studied. The calculated results showed the nature of interactions was van der Waals force as exhibited by not much change in geometric structures and properties. The preference order of ethanethiol adsorbed on HZSM-5 zeolite may be residual aluminum species, bridging hydroxyl groups and silanol OH groups from the adsorption heat. The adsorbed models of protonized ethanethiol on bridging hydroxyl OH groups and linear hydrogen bonded ethanethiol on bridging OH groups suggested in literature might not exist as revealed by this theoretical calculation. Possible adsorption models were obtained for the first time.     

Synthesis and Characterization of ZSM-5/β Co-Crystalline Zeolite

ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolites with different content of ZSM-5 have been synthesized by adding different amount of ZSM-5 to the synthetic system ofβ zeolite with NaAlO2, silica sol as the source of aluminum and silica, respectively, and TEA as the template under controlled condition of the synthesis. The ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolite was studied by XRD, SEM, BET and NH3-TPD. The reaction activity of toluene alkylation was investigated with a mixture of toluene-methanol as the feedstock in a pulse micro-reactor over the ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolite. It is found that ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolite has two kinds of zeolite structure including ZSM-5 and β zeolite, not in the form of a physical mixture. The pore structure of ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolites is different from that forβ zeolite, ZSM-5and their physical mixture. In addition, the peaks of both high and low temperature desorption of ammonia over the ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolite shift 23 ℃ to lower temperatures and the acid amount of its strong acid is 3% more than the physical mixture. So the ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolite produces the highest content of xylene, which is 10.4% higher than the physical mixture. And the ZSM-5/β co-crystalline zeolite has better selectivity for toluene alkylation and weaker de-methylation than β zeolite, ZSM-5 and their physical mixture.     

纳米ZSM-5沸石对芳烃苄基化反应的催化性能

采用晶种有机硅烷化法合成了纳米团簇 ZSM-5 沸石, 考察了其在芳烃苄基化反应中的催化活性. X 射线衍射、N2 吸附和扫描电镜等结果表明, 该沸石为由约 20 nm 的小晶粒聚集成的团簇体, 并形成晶间中孔, 其具有的外表面积是普通 ZSM-5 沸石的 5 倍之多. NH3-程序升温脱附和吡啶吸附的红外光谱结果显示, 沸石的纳米化可使其表面酸中心, 尤其是强酸中心的数目增多, 大大提高了大分子的酸性位可接近性. 在芳烃苄基化反应中, 纳米 ZSM-5 沸石克服了反应分子空间位阻对催化活性的影响, 表现出优异的催化活性, 363 K 时, 甲苯苄基化反应的速率常数是普通 ZSM-5 沸石的约 13 倍.     

无粘结剂ZSM-5沸石催化剂骨架脱铝改性的研究

对比了无粘结剂和有粘结剂ZSM-5沸石催化剂的吸附性质, 证实前者的优良品质. 以27Al固体核磁共振(MAS NMR)考察了盐酸处理、水蒸气处理及水蒸气-盐酸相结合处理后无粘结剂ZSM-5沸石催化剂的骨架脱铝行为以及非骨架铝的状态. 以X射线粉末衍射(XRD), X射线荧光光谱(XRF), 低温氮吸附, NH3-TPD和吡啶吸附原位红外光谱(in situ IR)等详细表征了骨架脱铝对其晶体、元素组成及孔结构、表面强(S)酸与弱(L)酸、Brönsted(B)酸与Lewis(L)酸酸量分布等影响. 揭示了水蒸气处理的深度骨架脱铝强烈地调变沸石的结构和表面酸性的本质, 证明了该处理方式对调变S酸和B酸起主导作用.