新颖电化学气敏电极的研究

根据薄层电化学原理,首次提出并成功地研制了一类新颖的气体敏感电极——“气体薄层电报”;通过特殊测量系统的设计,借助简便的采样方式获得了快响应、高灵敏度和低温度系数的峰电流信号;进而比较系统地研究了这类电极的工作原理,基本上弄清了气体薄层电极的反应模式.     

聚苯胺基LB膜的制备及气敏特性的研究

以聚苯胺 (PAN)为原料 ,利用LB(Langmuir Blodgett)超薄分子膜技术 ,制备了不同层数的纯聚苯胺LB膜及聚苯胺与乙酸 (AA)混合 (PAN AA)LB膜 ,对其进行了紫外 可见光光谱分析研究 ,并对不同层数的聚苯胺基LB膜的二氧化氮 (NO2 )气敏特性进行了研究 ,发现PANLB膜较PAN AALB膜具有更好的敏感性、响应性和可逆性 ,3层和 15层PANLB膜对相对百分比为 2 0× 10 -6NO2 的响应时间分别为 10s和 30s,15层PANLB膜的恢复时间约为 4min     

阳离子选择性膜修饰Ir/IrOx-pH电极增敏作用研究

采用阳离子选择性透过膜对Ir/IrOx-pH电极表面进行修饰,提高了电极抗阴离子氧化/还原性物质的干扰能力.利用SEM观察离子选择性透过膜的表面孔径分布;通过循环伏安法研究了氧化物电极在Fe(CN)63- 溶液中的电化学行为.实验表明,选择性透过膜对电极的E-pH线性、准确度、响应时间等无影响,显著改善了电极在含氧化/还原性物质中的使用性能.从而提高了电极的抗干扰能力和灵敏度.     

水膜阿托品电极的研究

报道水膜阿托品电极的制备,水膜中硫酸阿托品离子浓度\pH值、支持电解质的浓度对电极响应的影响。电极对3.5×10~(-4)～2.2×10~(-2)mol·L~(-1)范围内的阿托品呈能斯特响应,响应时间为1～4min,响应的稳定性和重现性较好,电极容易制备,结构简单。     

非水溶剂电位法的研究 Ⅰ.水膜镍电极在磷酸三丁酯中的响应

本文以镍水膜电极,测定有机溶剂-磷酸三丁酯中的镍离子。研究了电极的制备,水膜中镍离子浓度和PH值、水膜支撑材料、支持电解质对电极响应的影响。电极对3.2×10~(-4)—1.0×10~(-1)M范围内的镍离子呈能斯特响应,响应的时间为1—3分钟,响应的稳定性和重现性好。所用参比电极-Pt/(I_3-+I-)电极在多种有机溶剂中有稳定的电位。指示电极与参比电极均具有结构简单,容易制备的特点。     

混合型中性载体PVC膜pH电极的研究

本文以菸酸十八烷基酯和二辛基十八胺两性载体混合研制成ＰＶＣ膜ＰＨ电极，采用正交实验设计优化了电极的膜组成，测得电极的ＰＨ线性响应范围为１．８－１２．１，秦为５５．６ｍＶ／ｐＨ（１８℃），获得满意结果。     

溴化四-(4-N,N,N-二甲基,正庚烷基氨基苯基)卟啉钴的合成,L-B膜及其气敏、湿敏特性

卟啉和酞菁是一类大环共轭化合物,由于其结构和性能以及在生命科学中所起的作用,使得用L-B膜技术研究其结构和功能越来越引起人们的重视.自从Jones等发现原卟啉L-B膜具有较好的光导性以来,卟啉L-B膜的电导性和气体敏感特性相继有人进行过研究。发现卟啉铜L-B膜对二氧化氮有很高的敏感性,而且有良好的选择性.人工合成的     

Fe2O3—SnO2复合气敏材料的气敏性能研究

本文采用共沉淀方法制备超微粒子原料粉,测试了不同配比材料的气敏灵敏度,并探讨了不同粒度的Fe_2O_3原料与气敏特性之间的关系,提出Fe_2O_3-SnO_2复合气敏材料的气敏机制属体控制与表面控制兼有的混合机制·Fe_2O_3-SnO_2,复合气敏材料,选用CuO掺杂,可制出对乙炔具有高选择性和灵敏度的气敏元件。     

溴化四-(4-N,N,N-二甲基,正庚烷基氨基苯基)卟啉钴的合成,L-B膜及其气敏、湿敏特性

卟啉和酞菁是一类大环共轭化合物,由于其结构和性能以及在生命科学中所起的作用,使得用L-B膜技术研究其结构和功能越来越引起人们的重视.自从Jones等发现原卟啉L-B膜具有较好的光导性以来,卟啉L-B膜的电导性和气体敏感特性相继有人进行过研究。     

菜花状纳米氧化锌的溶剂热合成及气敏性能研究

以Zn(NO₃)₂·6H₂O和NaOH为原料,采用溶剂热合成技术制备了菜花状氧化锌纳米粉体,采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和X-射线光电子能谱仪等对产物的物相、微观形貌和表面元素状态进行了表征,结果表明产物属于六方晶系的ZnO,呈规则的菜花状,分散性好,粒径90～100 nm,粉体表面存在大量的吸附氧。用该粉体制成厚膜型旁热式气敏元件,测试结果发现：在加热电压为6 V时气敏元件对甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、丙酮、苯和甲苯等还原性气体具有较高的灵敏度,特别是对正丙醇、丙酮有较好的选择性,可以检测浓度低至1 μL·L^-1的乙醇、正丙醇和丙酮。     

一种新的适合低pH范围的中性载体PVC膜电极的研究

设计并合成了Ｎ－十八烷基水杨醛亚胺（ＯＤＳＡＩ）,Ｎ－十八烷基苯甲醛亚胺（ＯＤＢＡＩ）两种新的亚胺化合物,并以此为中性载体,制成了ＰＶＣ膜ＰＨ电极。此电极在ＰＨ０．６－８．５的范围内,对氢离子呈现很的能斯响应,电极斜率为５２ｍＶ／ｐＨ。     

A Neutral Carrier Membrane Calcium-Sensitive Electrode with Wide Working pH Range

Abstract

A poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane calcium-sensitive electrode based on a new type of synthetic carrier 1,7-di[2-(1-phenylazo)naphtyl]-1,4,7-trioxaheptan is introduced. This electrode exhibited Nernstian response over the concentration range 1.0×10^?1 - 3.0×10^?8 mol/L Ca²⁺ with a slope of 28.8 mV/pCa in calcium ion buffer solutions. The detection limit for calcium ion was 1.0X10^?8 mol/L. The response time varied from 10 to 30 seconds. The working pH range for the electrode was 3.5 - 12.3 when the concentration of Ca²⁺ was 10^?3 mol/L. The lifetime of the electrode was proved to exceed 8 months. It was applied successfully in the determination of calcium ion in river water, mineral water and cosmetic. A method for the determination of total calcium in urine was developed.     

以不对称长链叔胺为中性载体的PVC膜PH电极的研究

合成了一系列不对称长链叔胺类化合物作中性载体，研制成ＰＶＣ膜ｐＨ电极。其中（２－羟基苄基）二正癸胺、（β－氰乙基）ＬＡ－２、（２－羟基苄基）ＬＡ－２的电极线性范围分别为ｐＨ２．５～１２．５、ｐＨ２．５～１２．５、ｐＨ３．０～１２．５，斜率分别为５６．６±０．４ｍＶ／ｐＨ、５６．３±０．７ｍＶ／ｐＨ、５５．９±０．３ｍＶ／ｐＨ（３０℃）。这些ｐＨ电极内阻低，响应速度快，性能较稳定，可用于血清样中的ｐＨ值测量。此外，以（２－羟基辛基）ＬＡ－２为载体可制成流通式ＰＶＣ膜ｐＨ内电极型氨气敏电极。     

Organoselenide as a Novel Ionophore for a Silver-Selective Membrane Electrode

Abstract

Three selenium-containing compounds, diphenyl selenide, benzyl phenyl selenide and dibenzyl selenide were used as neutral carriers to make a Ag⁺-selective membrane electrode. All three compounds exhibited higher sensitivity to Ag⁺ than the corresponding sulfides and ethers. The highest sensitivity was obtained by dibenzyl selenide and an electrode constructed using this carrier and bis(l-butylpentyl) adipate as a membrane solvent in a poly(vinyl chloride) membrane matrix exhibited a near-Nernstian response to Ag⁺ in the concentration range from 1 x 10^?5 to 1 x 10^?2 M with a slope of 52 mV per concentration decade. The lower limit of detection was around 1 μM. The ion selectivity of this electrode for Ag⁺ was over 10⁴ times that for other metal cations. Dibenzyl selenide and Ag⁺ interactions were examined by ¹H-NMR spectroscopy.     

Highly Thiocyanate‐Selective PVC Membrane Electrode Based on Lipophilic Ferrocene Derivative

A novel anion‐selective PVC membrane electrode based on bis‐[(3‐ferrocenyl)‐(2‐crotonic acid)] copper(II) complex [Cu(II)‐BFCA] as neutral carrier is described, which demonstrates excellent potentiometric response characteristics toward thiocyanate ion and anti‐Hofmeister selectivity sequence in following order: SCN^?>I^?>ClO >Sal^?>Br^?>NO >Cl^?≈NO >SO >SO . The electrode shows a near‐Nernstian response for thiocyanate ion in a wide range of 9.0×10^?7–1.0×10^?1 M with a detection limit 6.8×10^?7 M and a slope of ?59.1 mV/decade in pH 5.0 of phosphate buffer solution at 20 °C. The influences of lipophilic cationic and anionic additives on the response properties of the electrode were investigated. High sensitivity and wide linear dynamic range were observed for the electrode in the presence of hexadecyltrimethylammoniumborate (HTAB) as a lipophilic cationic additive. The electrode was successfully applied to the determination of thiocyanate ion in waste water and human saliva.     

Studies on the Response Dynamics of a Gas-Sensing Membrane Probe

The present paper covers the response dynamics of a gas-sensing membrane probe, which is described by the dynamic differential equation based upon a steady-state diffusion process. The theoretical results indicate that the response time is dependent upon membrane properties, membrane geometry, internal electrolyte composition, the dissociation constant of the conjugate reaction, the initial gas concentration in the internal electrolyte, and the gas concentration in the evaluation sample. The theoretical prediction is in good agreement with the experimental result. A method for determining a gas-sensing probe' s dynamic parameter is proposed in this paper also.     

双安息香缩三乙四胺双核钴硫氰酸根的离子电极研究

季铵盐型阴离子选择性电极由于其电位选择性往往表现出Hofmeister顺序,故使其应用受到限制,因此,研究呈现反Hofmeister行为的阴离子选择性电极已成为离子电极研究领域中重要的研究方向之一。近年来,人们研制出了以金属配合物为中性载体且呈现反Hofmeister行为的阴离子选择电极,本实验室也分别研究了以Schiff碱金属配合物及二氮杂四烯基金属配合物为载体的碘离子和水杨酸根离子电极,但上述电极多数是以单核金属配合物为载体,以双核金属配合物作为载体的电极则很少。     

异菸酸十六烷酯作中性载体的镍离子选择电极

本文报道了一种镍离子选择性电极,它以我们合成的异菸酸十六烷酯作中性载体,该电极对浓度范围为10~(-1)～8×10~(-5)mol/L的镍离子有线性响应,斜率为-25.5±0.4 mV/pC_((Ni)~(2+))(20℃).相对于钠、钾、锂、钙、锡、铁、钴、铜离子的选择性系数分别为:8.1×1~(-5)、8.6×10~(-5)、8.2×10~(-5)、4.1×10~(-3)、7.5×10~(-4)、3.2×10~(-2)、8.0×10~(-2)、4.4×10~(-1).电极重现性优良,响应较快,用交流阻抗法研究了电极膜的传导机理,实验结果表明电极过程受扩散过程控制。