Separability for Positive Operators on Tensor Product of Hilbert Spaces

The separability and the entanglement(that is, inseparability) of the composite quantum states play important roles in quantum information theory. Mathematically, a quantum state is a trace-class positive operator with trace one acting on a complex separable Hilbert space. In this paper,in more general frame, the notion of separability for quantum states is generalized to bounded positive operators acting on tensor product of Hilbert spaces. However, not like the quantum state case, there are different kinds of separability for positive operators with different operator topologies. Four types of such separability are discussed; several criteria such as the finite rank entanglement witness criterion,the positive elementary operator criterion and PPT criterion to detect the separability of the positive operators are established; some methods to construct separable positive operators by operator matrices are provided. These may also make us to understand the separability and entanglement of quantum states better, and may be applied to find new separable quantum states.     

Stability of discrete-time positive evolution operators on ordered Banach spaces and applications

In this paper we discuss stability problems for a class of discrete-time evolution operators generated by linear positive operators acting on certain ordered Banach spaces. Our approach is based upon a new representation result that links a positive operator with the adjoint operator of its restriction to a Hilbert subspace formed by sequences of Hilbert–Schmidt operators. This class includes the evolution operators involved in stability and optimal control problems for linear discrete-time stochastic systems. The inclusion is strict because, following the results of Choi, we have proved that there are positive operators on spaces of linear, bounded and self-adjoint operators which have not the representation that characterize the completely positive operators. As applications, we introduce a new concept of weak-detectability for pairs of positive operators, which we use to derive sufficient conditions for the existence of global and stabilizing solutions for a class of generalized discrete-time Riccati equations. Finally, assuming weak-detectability conditions and using the method of Lyapunov equations we derive a new stability criterion for positive evolution operators.     

Generalized Fredholm property and a priori estimates for linear operators on tensor products of Hilbert spaces

For a linear operator acting in a Hilbert space, the generalized Fredholm property (invertibility modulo a certain ideal) is proved to be equivalent to certaina priori estimates. This result is applied to establish a connection between properties of linear operators on tensor products of Hilbert spaces, such asn- andd-normality, the (generalized and ordinary) Fredholm property, and appropriatea priori estimates.Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 64, No. 6, pp. 902–912, December, 1998.The author is grateful to V. M. Deundyak for useful discussion of this work.This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under grant No. 96-01-01195.     

Operators with connected spectrum + compact operators = strongly irreducible operators

Herrero’s conjecture that each operator with connected spectrum acting on complex, separable Hilbert space can be written as the sum of a strongly irreducible operator and a compact operator is proved. Jiang, C. L., Power, S., Wang, Z. Y., Biquasitriangular + small compact = strongly irreducible,J. London Math., to be published.     

Isometric Equivalence of Certain Operators on Banach Spaces

A pair of operators on a Banach space X are isometrically equivalent if they are intertwined by a surjective isometry of X. We investigate the isometric equivalence problem for pairs of operators on specific types of Banach spaces. We study weighted shifts on symmetric sequence spaces, elementary operators acting on an ideal I of Hilbert space operators, and composition operators on the Bloch space. This last case requires an extension of known results about surjective isometries of the Bloch space.     

Finite-Dimensional Approximations of Operators in the Hilbert Spaces of Functions on Locally Compact Abelian Groups

A new approach to the approximation of operators in the Hilbert space of functions on a locally compact Abelian (LCA) group is developed. This approach is based on sampling the symbols of such operators. To choose the points for sampling, we use the approximations of LCA groups by finite groups, which were introduced and investigated by Gordon. In the case of the group R ⁿ , the constructed approximations include the finite-dimensional approximations of the coordinate and linear momentum operators, suggested by Schwinger. The finite-dimensional approximations of the Schrödinger operator based on Schwinger's approximations were considered by Digernes, Varadarajan, and Varadhan in Rev. Math. Phys. 6 (4) (1994), 621–648 where the convergence of eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the approximating operators to those of the Schrödinger operator was proved in the case of a positive potential increasing at infinity. Here this result is extended to the case of Schrödinger-type operators in the Hilbert space of functions on LCA groups. We consider the approximations of p-adic Schrödinger operators as an example. For the investigation of the constructed approximations, the methods of nonstandard analysis are used.     

Equivalence after extension and Schur coupling coincide for inessential operators

In recent years the coincidence of the operator relations equivalence after extension (EAE) and Schur coupling (SC) was settled for the Hilbert space case. For Banach space operators, it is known that SC implies EAE, but the converse implication is only known for special classes of operators, such as Fredholm operators with index zero and operators that can in norm be approximated by invertible operators. In this paper we prove that the implication EAE $?$ SC also holds for inessential Banach space operators. The inessential operators were introduced as a generalization of the compact operators, and include, besides the compact operators, also the strictly singular and strictly co-singular operators; in fact they form the largest ideal such that the invertible elements in the associated quotient algebra coincide with (the equivalence classes of) the Fredholm operators.     

Asymptotics of pseudodifferential operators acting on functions with corner singularities

A new definition of the expansion in smoothness of a distribution at a point is introduced. Some properties of the new expansion are studied and a uniqueness result for the coefficients of the expansion is proved. The main application of the definition is for obtaining the asymptotics in smooth ness of pseudodifferential operators acting on a function near a corner point of singsupp f. An example of usage of the obtained results in computed tomog raphy is presented.     

Approximation gewisser Operatoren durch Operatoren endlichen Ranges und eine Kollokationsmethode

Summary Certain bounded linear operators from Hilbert spaces H into function spaces C(X) are approximated by operators of finite rank with the aid of orthogonal projections. As examples for such operators we present special integral operators and linear partial differential operators. As application we consider a collocation method.     

Finite Rank Hankel Operators over the Complex Wiener Space

This work studies finite rank Hankel operators H _b on a Hilbert space of holomorphic, square integrable Wiener functionals. The main tool to investigate these operators is their unitary equivalent representation on the Hilbert space of skeletons. The finite rank property is characterized in terms of a functional equation for the symbol b, which generalizes the well known equation b(z+w)=b(z)b(w). Also finite rank symbols of polynomial type are characterized in terms of their chaos expansions.     

On Certain Positivity Classes of Operators

A real square matrix A is called a P-matrix if all its principal minors are positive. Such a matrix can be characterized by the sign non-reversal property. Taking a cue from this, the notion of a P-operator is extended to infinite dimensional spaces as the first objective. Relationships between invertibility of some subsets of intervals of operators and certain P-operators are then established. These generalize the corresponding results in the matrix case. The inheritance of the property of a P-operator by the Schur complement and the principal pivot transform is also proved. If A is an invertible M-matrix, then there is a positive vector whose image under A is also positive. As the second goal, this and another result on intervals of M-matrices are generalized to operators over Banach spaces. Towards the third objective, the concept of a Q-operator is proposed, generalizing the well known Q-matrix property. An important result, which establishes connections between Q-operators and invertible M-operators, is proved for Hilbert space operators.     

Realizing irreducible semigroups and real algebras of compact operators

Let B(X) be the algebra of bounded operators on a complex Banach space X. Viewing B(X) as an algebra over R, we study the structure of those irreducible subalgebras which contain nonzero compact operators. In particular, irreducible algebras of trace-class operators with real trace are characterized. This yields an extension of Brauer-type results on matrices to operators in infinite dimensions, answering the question: is an irreducible semigroup of compact operators with real spectra realizable, i.e., simultaneously similar to a semigroup whose matrices are real?     

Uniform primeness of the Jordan algebra of symmetric operators

In this note we establish the best possible constant for the general lower estimate for the Jacobson - McCrimmon operator on the algebra of symmetric operators acting on a Hilbert space.

     

Disjointness in hypercyclicity

We introduce a notion of disjointness for finitely many hypercyclic operators acting on a common space, notion that is weaker than Furstenberg's disjointness of fluid flows. We provide a criterion to construct disjoint hypercyclic operators, that generalizes some well-known connections between the Hypercyclicity Criterion, hereditary hypercyclicity and topological mixing to the setting of disjointness in hypercyclicity. We provide examples of disjoint hypercyclic operators for powers of weighted shifts on a Hilbert space and for differentiation operators on the space of entire functions on the complex plane.     

A note on the star order in Hilbert spaces

We study the star order on the algebra L(?) of bounded operators on a Hilbert space ?. We present a new interpretation of this order which allows to generalize to this setting many known results for matrices: functional calculus, semi-lattice properties, shorted operators and orthogonal decompositions. We also show several properties for general Hilbert spaces regarding the star order and its relationship with the functional calculus and the polar decomposition, which were unknown even in the finite-dimensional setting. We also study the existence of strong limits of star-monotone sequences and nets.     

Elementary operators on algebras of unbounded operators

Summary Structural results about elementary operators of length one, local elementary operators and injectivity preserving maps are proved. These are generalizations of results concerning algebras of bounded operators on Banach spaces to algebras of unbounded operators on Hilbert spaces.     

关于初等算子∑(X):AX+XB+CDX的值域

设A，B和C是Hilbert空间H上的紧算子，定义B（H）上的初等算子，∑(X)=AX XB CXD。本文我们给出∑值域闭的一些充分或必要条件。     

Non-Archimedean Analogues of Orthogonal and Symmetric Operators and p-adic Quantization

We study orthogonal and symmetric operators in non-Archimedean Hilbert spaces in the connection with p-adic quantization. This quantization describes measurements with finite precision. Symmetric (bounded) operators in the p-adic Hilbert spaces represent physical observables. We study spectral properties of one of the most important quantum operators, namely, the operator of the position (which is represented in the p-adic Hilbert L₂-space with respect to the p-adic Gaussian measure). Orthogonal isometric isomorphisms of p-adic Hilbert spaces preserve precisions of measurements. We study properties of orthogonal operators. It is proved that each orthogonal operator in the non-Archimedean Hilbert space is continuous. However, there exist discontinuous operators with the dense domain of definition which preserve the inner product. There also exist nonisometric orthogonal operators. We describe some classes of orthogonal isometric operators and we study some general questions of the theory of non-Archimedean Hilbert spaces (in particular, general connections between topology, norm and inner product).     

A note on local automorphisms

Let H be an infinite-dimensional almost separable Hilbert space. We show that every local automorphism of ℬ(H), the algebra of all bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space H, is an automorphism.     

Compact operators without extended eigenvalues

A complex number λ is called an extended eigenvalue of a bounded linear operator T on a Banach space B if there exists a non-zero bounded linear operator X acting on B such that XT=λTX. We show that there are compact quasinilpotent operators on a separable Hilbert space, for which the set of extended eigenvalues is the one-point set {1}.