稀土催化材料研究与应用

稀土具有特殊的物理和化学性质,在化学反应过程中表现出良好的催化效果,在多种领域得到了广泛应用.目前,稀土催化材料在石油化工催化、机动车尾气催化、燃料电池催化、催化燃烧、制氢催化及其他环保催化的相关材料方面发挥着重要的作用.尽管稀土催化应用广泛,但是稀土对于各个催化过程的作用鲜见系统总结,因此,本文主要对近年来上述领域关...     

天然高分子材料研究进展

综述了近年来天然高分子材料的研究进展。主要介绍纤维素、木质素、淀粉、甲壳素、壳聚糖、其它多糖、蛋白质以及天然橡胶等天然高分子通过化学、物理方法以及纳米技术改性制备具有各种功能及生物可降解性环境友好材料的研究状况,并对此类新材料的应用前景进行了展望。     

基于透明质酸构建的功能材料及其在生物医药领域中的应用

透明质酸(HA)是由D-葡萄糖醛酸和N-乙酰基葡萄糖胺二糖重复单元组成的线性聚阴离子多糖.目前,HA的研究和应用主要体现在3个方面:(1)基于HA分子含有的羟基、羧基和乙酰氨基等官能团,制备各类衍生物和水凝胶;(2)基于HA分子能与癌细胞表面的受体(如分化簇44(CD44)、淋巴管内皮细胞受体1(LYVE-l)、HA内...     

FeOCl层状材料及其插层化合物:结构、性质与应用

氧基氯化铁(FeOCl)是一种典型的Fe基层状材料,于20世纪30年代被发现,并于20世纪70年代起作为一种优异的插层主体在超分子插层化学领域进行了大量的研究.FeOCl的层状结构赋予了其远比传统铁(氢)氧化物更加灵活的调变空间,自2013年第一次发现FeOCl具有优异的固体Fenton活性以来,围绕FeOCl及其插层...     

交联PVP的制备与应用研究进展

综述用乙烯基吡咯烷酮（NVP）制备交联PVP的各种方法,概述交联PVP的应用发展状况。利用紫外光或γ－射线照射PVP水溶液,或用过硫酸盐、肼和过氧化氢或在过氧化物存在下用α、ω－二烯烃处理线型PVP的水溶液均可生成交联PVP水凝胶。NVP单体和交联剂、自由基引发剂有机溶剂或电解质水溶液中进行沉淀聚合能够制备交联程度较高的交联PVP。采用不加入自由基引发剂的米花状聚合则可制备高度交联的不溶性PVP。用不同制备方法制得的交联PVP在水中具有不同的溶胀能力,呈现出的形态多种多样,前软凝胶、白色粉末、或多孔粒子,可满足不同的要求。交联PVP以其优良的络合能力、胶体性质和生理惰性,已广泛地应用于医药、食品和化学工业等领域。     

介孔与介孔主客体材料在催化领域的应用

 综述了近年来介孔分子筛催化材料制备的研究成果及其在催化领域特别是精细化学品合成中的应用. 文章分为两部分,分别讨论了介孔材料本身作为催化剂以及介孔主客体催化材料的应用.     

单原子材料类酶催化及生物医学应用研究进展

纳米酶因其经济、 稳定、 性质可调和可循环利用等诸多优势, 成功地克服了天然酶在实际应用中的不足. 单原子材料的出现使得对纳米酶的研究迈入原子水平, 其较高的原子利用率、 独特的配位环境和较强的金属-载体相互作用为揭示纳米酶构效关系及调控类酶活性提供了可能. 本文总结了近年来单原子材料类酶催化的研究进展, 重点讨论了单原子材料类酶活性的调控策略和催化机理, 概述了单原子类酶材料在癌症治疗、 抗氧化治疗、 抗菌以及生物传感等方面的应用, 并对单原子类酶材料的发展前景进行了展望.     

稀土催化材料的应用及研究进展

稀土元素具有未充满电子的4f轨道和镧系收缩等特征,当用作催化剂的活性组分或载体时常常表现出独特的催化性能. 稀土催化材料的研究和发展为La和Ce等高丰度轻稀土元素的高质、高效利用提供了有效的途径. 目前稀土催化材料在石油化工、化石燃料的催化燃烧、机动车尾气净化、工业废气治理和固体氧化物燃料电池等领域发挥着重要的作用. 本文综述了稀土催化材料的应用以及理论研究进展,重点讨论了稀土元素对所涉及催化剂的结构、活性和稳定性等的影响.     

木质素先进材料的研究进展

综述了木质素改善合成高分子材料的性能和制备光电材料、阻燃材料、电磁屏蔽材料等方面的研究进展。加强木质素结构和性能的基础研究,解决木质素反应活性偏低以及与基体相容性差的问题,将木质素的耐辐射、可生物降解、阻燃、电磁屏蔽等特异性能引入到传统合成高分子材料中,制备性能优异、功能多样的先进高分子材料,是木质素高值化利用的一个重要方向。     

碳纳米管预处理及其在催化材料中应用

本文以碳纳米管作催化剂载体为出发点,回顾了大管径尤其是大内径碳纳米管制备,介绍了不同纯化处理工艺对碳纳米管性能的影响,综述了制备、预处理等因素对碳纳米管复合材料和碳纳米管负载型催化剂性能的影响。     

聚乙烯光引发交联及其工业应用研究的新进展

结合作者近年来在聚乙烯光引发交联及其工业应用研究的系统工作,评述了该领域国内外的研究进展和取得的主要突破性成果,简要介绍了聚乙烯本体光交联的强化引发体系、光交联机理、交联点微结构和晶体形态结构及其性能特征,介绍了光交联聚乙烯电缆新技术和未来的应用前景.     

金纳米棒的表面改性及其在生物医学领域的应用

各向异性的金纳米棒由于具有独特的光学性质,在生物医学领域得到了日益广泛的应用。本文综述了金纳米棒的表面改性及其在生物标记与识别、生物成像、癌症诊断和光热治疗等领域中的应用。     

Rational Design of Biomolecules/Polymer Hybrids by Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization (RDRP) for Biomedical Applications

Hybrids, produced by hybridization of proteins, peptides, DNA, and other new biomolecules with polymers, often have unique functional properties. These properties, such as biocompatibility, stability and specificity, lead to various smart biomaterials. This review mainly introduces biomolecule-polymer hybrid materials by reversible deactivation radical polymerization(RDRP), emphasizing reverse addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT) polymerization, and nitroxide mediated polymerization(NMP)....     

抗蛋白质非特异性吸附材料及其在生物医学领域中的应用

生物材料是用于人体组织和器官的诊断、修复或增进其功能的一类高技术材料,但由于蛋白质非特异性吸附现象的普遍存在,对这些材料造成污染,有时甚至危及生命安全。因此,研究具有抗蛋白质非特异性吸附性能的材料已成为生物医用材料领域的研究热点。本文首先介绍了蛋白质的吸附过程及材料抗蛋白质吸附的机理,重点综述了生物医学领域中广受关注的抗蛋白质吸附材料及其在生物医学领域中的应用,并对未来的发展趋势做了展望。     

Genus Morinda: An insight to its ethnopharmacology,phytochemistry, pharmacology and Industrial Applications

Background of the studyThe genus Morinda of the Madder family, (Rubiaceae) has been widely documented in traditional medicine due to its therapeutic properties and also, contributed a great deal in chemical industry. Different parts of Morinda species have traditionally been used to treat malaria, diabetes, memory loss, cancer, inflammation, skin infections, and typhoid fever.Aim and ObjectivesThe review provide a critical and innovative information on the traditional uses, phytochemical constituents, and industrial applications of the genus Morinda. This will help researchers understand future research trends by bridging the gap between documented literature and contemporary uses.MethodologyAll the systematic literature data or information on the genus Morinda was collected via selected electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Springer, Medline, ChemSpider, Taylor and Francis, Google Scholar, SciFinder, ScienceDirect and Wiley. Relevant book chapters, Wikipedia and books were also explored.ResultsThe study reveals that different parts of Morinda plants have been extensively used for folkloric therapeutic purposes and are a plethora of mineral or nutritional benefits and secondary metabolites. Several classes of bioactive compounds have been elucidated from Morinda plants via spectroscopic and chromatographic phytochemical analyses. Compounds such as terpenoids, glycosides, anthraquinones, polyphenols, steroids, saponins and reducing sugars are among the bioactive substances reported in the genus. Plant extracts, fractions and isolates of Morinda plants have exhibited pronounced antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antidepressant, wound healing, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects (in vitro and in vivo). These pharmacological activities exhibited could be linked to the presence of secondary metabolites reported. The applications of this genus is well documented in textile, metallurgical, agrochemicals and food industries.ConclusionA number of reports on Morinda showed significant therapeutic effect against several diseases such as cancer, dermal infection, diabetes, inflammation, malaria, typhoid, cholera and memory loss, however, there were several drawback in previous reports including mechanism of action, drug dose, controls and toxicological data of extracts or isolates. In view of this, further studies should emphasis on targeting active secondary metabolites which responsible for the therapeutic activities, structural elucidation and toxicological assessment. Furthermore, industrial uses require authentication.     

Industrial Applications of Photochemical Syntheses

The principal industrial applications of photochemistry have so far been in the fields of free-radical chlorination, sulfochlorination, sulfoxidation, and nitrosation. In addition, however, photochemical reactions are being utilized on an increasing scale for the synthesis of vitamins, drugs, and fragrances. The present article surveys the various kinds of light-induced reactions exploited industrially, the equipment developed, and uses of the photochemical products. Furthermore, the problems encountered in designing a photochemical production plant are discussed for the example of photonitrosation of cyclohexane.     

金纳米粒子探针的合成及应用

由于金纳米粒子(AuNPs)具有与大小、形状和聚集程度相关的物理和化学特性,被广泛应用于各种生物分析和生物医学检测技术中,并发展成具有高选择性、高灵敏度的生物分析检测手段。以AuNPs为探针的分析方法通常具有简单、快速、灵敏度高的优点,并能应用于实际样品检测。本文综述了目前生物分子修饰的AuNPs探针的合成及其在检测金属离子、小分子、DNA、蛋白质和细胞内分析等方面的应用。     

Industrial Applications of Gold Catalysis

Gold catalysis has recently found its first large‐scale applications in the chemical industry. This Minireview provides a critical analysis of the success factors and of the main obstacles that had to be overcome on the long way from the discovery to the commercialization of gold catalysts. The insights should be useful to researchers in both academia and industry working on the development of tomorrow's gold catalysts to tackle significant environmental and economic issues.     

羧甲基壳聚糖的性能及其在生物医学领域的应用

羧甲基壳聚糖是一种具有多功能基的天然生物材料,在食品、化妆品、环保、印染、农业等领均有广泛应用.其优良的性能,低廉的价格,使得它在生物医学领域有巨大的的应用潜力.本文综述了羧甲基壳聚糖的水溶性、成膜性、降解性、抗菌性及生物学特性,并对其在烧伤敷料、抗术后粘连材料、药物载体、酶抑制剂等生物医学领域应用的研究进展进行了综述,并指出今后可能的重点研究方向.