Further insights into the “ρπ puzzle”

Based on a systematic investigation of J/ψ(ψ) → VP,where V and P stand for light vector and pseudoscalar mesons,we identify the role played by the electromagnetic(EM) transitions and intermediate meson loop transitions,which are essential ingredients for understanding the J/ψ and ψ couplings to VP.We show that on the one hand,the EM transitions have relatively larger interferences in ψ→ρπ and K*K+c.c.as explicitly shown by vector meson dominance(VMD).On the other hand,the strong decay of ψ receives relatively larger destructive interferences from the intermediate meson loop transitions.By identifying these mechanisms in an overall study of J/ψ(ψ)→VP,we provide a coherent understanding of the so-called "ρπ puzzle".     

What do we learn from the ρ-π puzzle

The experimental observation indicates that the branching ratio of ψ＇→ρπ is very small while the ρ-π channel is a main one in J/ψ decays. To understand the puzzle, various interpretations have been proposed. Meanwhile according to the hadronic helicity selection rule, this decay mode should be suppressed. Numerical calculations are needed to determine how it is suppressed. We calculate the branching ratios of J/ψ→ρπ and ππ in the framework of QCD. The results show that the branching ratios are proportional to （mu＋md/MJ/ψ）^2 for the ρπ mode and （mu-md/MJ/ψ）^2 for the ππ mode which is isospin violated. The theoretical prediction of the ratio of J/ ψ→ρπ is smaller than data, but not too small to invoke a completely new mechanism. Thus the puzzle is still standing even though we learn much knowledge towards the puzzle and this will help to finally interpret the puzzle and then gain a deeper insight to the heavy quarkonia.     

Isospin violating mechanisms in quarkonium hadronic decays

We analyze the φ meson production in e^＋e^- →ωπ^0 as a probe for studying the isospin violation mechanisms. By clarifying the dynamic sources causing the isospin violation, we succeed in quantifying those mechanisms with the help of the recent KLOE data. Hence, the φ→ωπ^0 branching ratio is extracted. We find that apart from the electromagnetic （EM） transitions, the strong transition via intermediate kaon loops plays an important role in understanding the cross section and its lineshape.     

Study of the rare decay J/ψ→e~+e~-φ

We study the decay process of J/ψ→e~+e~-φ where the relatively clean electromagnetic(EM) transitions appear at leading order at tree level while the hadronic contributions only emerge via hadronic loop transitions. We include the low-lying scalar f_0(980) and pseudoscalar η/η as the dominant contributions in the evaluation of the hadronic loop contributions. It is found that the hadronic effects are negligible compared with the EM contributions.The decay width of J/ψ→e~+e~-φ is determined to be about 2.12 × 10~(-6) ke V if there is no other leading mechanism contributing. This result will be tested by the BESIII experiment with a large J/ψ data sample.     

Partial wave analysis of ψ＇ →γχc0→γpK-Λ used for searching for baryon resonance

Abundant ψ＇ events have been collected at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider-Ⅱ （BEPCⅡ） that could undoubtedly provide us with a great opportunity to study the more attractive charmonium decays. As has been noticed before, in the process of J/ψ＇ decaying to the baryonic final states, pK-Λ, the evident Λ＊ and N＊ bands have been observed. Similarly, by using the product of χcJ from ψ＇ radiative decay, we may confirm this or find some extra new resonances. χc0＇s data samples will be more than χc1,2, taking into account the larger branching ratio of ψ＇ →γχc0. Here, we provide explicit partial wave analysis formulae for the very interesting channel ψ＇ →γχc0 →γpK-Λ.     

Isospin violating mechanisms in quarkonium hadronic decays

We analyze the φ meson production in e+e-→ωπ0 as a probe for studying the isospin violation mechanisms.By clarifying the dynamic sources causing the isospin violation,we succeed in quantifying those mechanisms with the help of the recent KLOE data.Hence,the φ→ωπ0 branching ratio is extracted.We find that apart from the electromagnetic(EM)transitions,the strong transition via intermediate kaon loops plays an important role in understanding the cross section and its lineshape.     

What do we learn from the ρ-π puzzle

The experimental observation indicates that the branching ratio of ψ→ρπ is very small while the ρ-π channel is a main one in J/ψ decays.To understand the puzzle,various interpretations have been proposed.Meanwhile according to the hadronic helicity selection rule,this decay mode should be suppressed.Numerical calculations are needed to determine how it is suppressed.We calculate the branching ratios of J/ψ→ρπ and ππ in the framework of QCD.The results show that the branching ratios are proportional to [(Mu+md)/(mJ/ψ)]2 for the ρπ mode and [(Mu-md)/(mJ/ψ)]2 for the ππ mode which is isospin violated.The theoretical prediction of the ratio of J/ψ→ρπ is smaller than data,but not too small to invoke a completely new mechanism.Thus the puzzle is still standing even though we learn much knowledge towards the puzzle and this will help to finally interpret the puzzle and then gain a deeper insight to the heavy quarkonia.     

Properties of the coupling constants of J/ψ→VP decays

Based on the branching fractions of J/ψ→VP from different experiments, we investigate the properties of the coupling constants of J/ψ→VP decays using a model-dependent approach. We find that the octet coupling constant, g8, of strong interaction is about twice larger than that of the singlet coupling constant g₁; the electromag- netic breaking parameters g_Eⁱ are larger than the mass breaking parameters g_Mⁱ, moreover, the three parameters of the electromagnetic effect are about equal, but the three parameters of the mass effect are obviously different and their uncertainties are also large; and the phase angle between strong and electromagnetic interactions is in the range of 70°-80°. It deepens our understanding of the coupling constant of J/ψ→VP decays.     

Study of ππ final state interactions in ψ（2S） →π^＋π^-J/ψ

The π^＋π^ transition of heavy quarkonia in decay ψ（2S） →π^＋π^-J/ψ is studied. With the BESII data on the decay ψ（2S） →π^＋π^-J/ψ, we update the values of coupling constants （gi） and chromopolarizability （αψ（2s）J/ψ） in this process.     

Charmonium spectroscopy and decay at CLEO-c

We report recent results on charmonium spectroscopy and decay from the CLEO-c experiment at the Cornell electrompositron storage ring accelerator, CESR. Most of the results are based on the analysis of 54 pb-1 of luminosity collected at the ψ（2S） resonance, corresponding to 27 M ψ（2S） decays. We concentrate on radiative decays of ψ（2S） and J/ψ, on two-body mesonic decay of XcJ, on hadronic decay of the he, and on higher multipoles in the two-photon cascade ψ（2S）→γχcJ, XcJ→γJ/ψ.     

About detecting CP-violating processes in J/ψ→ K^0K^-0 decay

Abstract Questions about detecting the CP-violating decay process of J/ψ→ K^0K^-0→ KsKs are discussed. Possible background and material regeneration effects are analyzed. The discussion can be directly extended to other vector quarkonium decays, like γ, ψ（2S） and Ф → KsKs.     

Manifestation of intermediate meson loop effects in charmonium decays

We report the progress on understanding some of those existing puzzles in charmonium decays.We show that the intermediate meson loops （IML） as a long-distance transition mechanism will provide novel insights into these issues.In particular,we show that the IML mechanism would be essentially important for understanding the ψ（3770） non-DD decays.We also comment that such a mechanism is correlated with the Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka （OZI） rule evasions in charmonium hadronic decays.     

ρ-ω mixing in J/ψ→VP decays

The study of ρ-ω mixing has mainly focused on vector meson decays with isospin I = 1, namely theρ(ω)→π+π- process. In this paper, we present a study of ρ-ω mixing in ρ(ω)→π+π-π0(I = 0) using a flavor parameterization model for the J/ψ→VP process. By fitting a theoretical framework to PDG data, we obtain the SU(3)-breaking effect parameters sV = 0.03±0.12, sP = 0.17±0.17 and the ρ-ω mixing polarization operatorΠρω =(0.006±0.011) GeV2. New values are found for the branching ratios when the mixing effect is incorporated:Br(J/ψ→ωπ0)=(3.64±0.37)×10-4, Br(J/ψ→ωη)=(1.48±0.17)×10-3, Br(J/ψ→ωη)=(1.55±0.56)×10-4, these are different from the corresponding PDG2012 values by 19%, 15% and 15%, respectively.     

Baryon ＋ Baryon→（ΩΩ）J^π=0＋ ＋ X Cross Section Calculation

The cross sections of Ω Ξ→（ΩΩ）J^π=0 K(K^*) and Ω Ω→（ΩΩ）J^π=0 η‘(φ) are studied by using an effective Hamiltonian method.For the two pseudo-scalar meson production processes,the cross sections are still in the order of several μbs,but for the two vector meson production processes,the cross sections are about 10 times larger than those in pseudo-scalar meson production case when the coupling constants of vector meson fields are fixed according to gNNρ and fNNρ in NN scattering and the SU(3) relation.     

Partial wave analysis of ψ' →γχ_(c0) →γpK-Λ used for searching for baryon resonance

Abundant ψ' events have been collected at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider-Ⅱ (BEPCⅡ) that could undoubtedly provide us with a great opportunity to study the more attractive charmonium decays. As has been noticed before, in the process of J/ψ' decaying to the baryonic final states, pK-Λ, the evident Λ* and N* bands have been observed. Similarly, by using the product of χcJ from ψ' radiative decay, we may confirm this or find some extra new resonances. χc0's data samples will be more than χc1,2, taking into account the larger branching ratio of ψ' →γχc0. Here, we provide explicit partial wave analysis formulae for the very interesting channel ψ' →γχc0 →γpK-Λ.     

Predictions of γ(4S)→h_b(1P,2P)π^+π^- transitions

We study the contributions of intermediate bottomonium-like Zb states and the bottom meson loops in the heavy quark spin flip transitionsγ(4 S)→hb(1 P,2 P)π+π-.Depending on the constructive or destructive interferences between the Zb-exchange and the bottom meson loops mechanisms,we predict two possible branching ratios for each process:BRγ(4 S)→hb(1 P)π+π-≈(1.20.40.8×10^-6)or(0.5-0.20.5×10^-6),and BRγ(4 S)→(2 P)π+π-≈(7.1-1.1+1.7×10^-10)or(2.4-0.10.2×10^-10)).The contribution of the bottom meson loops is found to be considerably larger than that of the Zbexchange in the T(4 S)→hb(1 P)ππtransitions,while its decay rates are not comparable to those of heavy quark spin conservedγ(4 S)→γ(1 S,2 S)ππprocesses.We also predict the contribution of the charm meson loops in the branch fractions ofΨ(3 S,4 S)→hc(1 P)ππ.     

Direct CP violation in B(s)→J/ψP(V)

In the framework of factorization, we study direct CP violation in the decays of B_(s)→J/ψP(V) (P(V) refer to the pseudoscalar (vector) meson). The CP violation depends strongly on Cabibbo-Kobayashi- Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements and the effective parameter, N_c. The recent experimental data for the branching ratios of B_(s)→J/ψP(V) are accurate enough and we can give a strong constraint on the range of N_c. We nd that the CP violating asymmetry is consistent with the available experiment values for the b→d transition, and a little smaller than the b→s transition. We also predict the CP violation of other decay channels for B_(s)→J/ψP(V). We expect our results can give valuable guidance for experiments.     

Analysis of Infrared Divergence in OZI-Forbidden Decays of Orthoquarkonia

It is interesting to investigate the OZI-forbidden decays of orthoquarkoknium, J/ψ→γπ^0（γη,γη′）, J/ψ→π^＋π^-（π^0π^0）. At first glance, there is infrared divergence in the above processes. In this work, to clear the mist we use the factorization method with the light cone wavefunction of the final state light meson. We prove straightforwardly that the infrared divergence can be eliminated completely.     

Charmonium results from BES

Using ～ 14 × 10^6 ψ（2S） and ～ 58 × 10^ J/ ψ data collected at BES Ⅱ/BEPC, the branching fraction of ψ（2S）→Ω-Ω^＋ is measured with about 5a statistical significance. The A electric dipole and ∧ decay parameter are studied using the decay J/ψ →∧∧→ ppπ^＋π^-. Using （106±3）× 10^6 ψ（2S） decays collected at BESⅢ/BEPC Ⅱ, we have obtained some interesting physics results. The branching fractions of XcJ→π^0π^0, ηη are measured with precision improved. The mass and width of he（l^1P1） state, together with the branching fractions of Br（ψ（2S） →π^0hc） and Br（hc →γηc） are the first measurements. Surprisingly, the decays of Xc1→φφ, ωω, and ωφ are firstly observed in BESⅢ data.     

Trigger efficiencies at BESⅢ

Trigger efficiencies at BESⅢ were determined for both the J/ψ and ψ＇ data taking of 2009. Both dedicated runs and physics datasets are used; efficiencies are presented for Bhabha-scattering events, generic hadronic decay events involving charged tracks, dimuon events and ψ＇→π＋π-J/ψ, J/ψ→ 1＋1- events.The efficiencies are found to lie well above 99% for all relevant physics cases, thus fulfilling the BESⅢ design specifications.