Highly Selective Molecular Recognition of Biologically Active Substances Using Liquid Phase Separation

 The development of new chiral stationary phases has been very important in the accurate analysis of drug enantiomers and their metabolites in biological samples during drug discovery and development. New chiral stationary phases have been developed usin     

Thermodynamics of Protolytic Equilibria in Aqueous Solutions of Biologically Active Ligands

The protolytic equilibria in aqueous solutions of different amino acids and dipeptides were studied by a direct calorimetric method at 288–328 K. The measurements were made with an isothermal-shell calorimeter with automatic temperature recording. The thermodynamic characteristics of the processes of acid-base equilibria were found from the combined results of thermochemical measurements and equilibrium constant data. Gurney concepts were used to analyse the thermodynamic characteristics of reactions. Comparisons of the temperature-dependent and temperature-independent contributions to the Gibbs energy and enthalpy change afford the criteria of the variability in sign of the ΔH of the process, i.e. they allow prediction of the magnitude of the temperature θ at which ΔH = 0. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Studies on Spiroheterocycles,Part III: Synthesis of Diazaspiroundecanetetraone Derivatives Containing Biologically Active Heterocycles

Barbituric acid 2 upon Michael addition with dibenzal acetones 1a–c afforded the corresponding diazaspiro derivatives 3a–c . The base-catalyzed condensation of 3a–c with various aromatic aldehydes produces diarylidine derivatives 4a–l . The diarylidene compounds 4a–l on condensation with hydrazine, phenyl hydrazine, hydroxylamine, urea, guanidine carbonate, and hydrazine hydrate with acetic acid afforded their respective in situ oxidized products 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 , and 10 . The structures of the compounds are ascertained from their analytical and spectral data. Some of the compounds are screened for their biological activities against E. coli, B. cirroflagellosus, A. niger, and C. albicans.     

Synthesis of Some Biologically Active Pyrazole, Thiazolidinone, and Azetidinone Derivatives

Pyrazole, thiazolidinone, and azetidinone derivatives were synthesized from chalcones of 4-hydroxycoumarin. The structures of all the synthesized compounds were confirmed on the basis of spectral and analytical data. The compounds were screened in vitro for their antibacterial activity against various bacterial strains.     

Theoretical and Experimental Vibrational Characterization of Biologically Active Nd(III) Complex

The neodymium(III) complex of orotic acid (HOA) was synthesized and its structure determined by means of analytical and spectral analyses. Detailed vibrational analysis of HOA, sodium salt of HOA, and Nd(III)–OA systems based on both the calculated and experimental spectra confirmed the suggested metal–ligand binding mode. Significant differences in the IR and Raman spectra of the complex were observed as compared to the spectra of the ligand. The calculated vibrational wavenumbers, including IR intensities and Raman scattering activities, for the ligand and its Nd(III) complex were in good agreement with the experimental data. The vibrational analysis performed for the studied species, orotic acid, sodium salt of orotic acid, and its Nd(III) complex helped to explain the vibrational behaviour of the ligand’s vibrational modes, sensitive to interaction with Nd(III). In this paper we also report preliminary results about the cytotoxicity of the investigated compounds. The cytotoxic effects of the ligand and its Nd(III) complex were determined using the MTT method on different tumour cell lines. The screening performed revealed that the tested compounds exerted cytotoxic activity upon the evaluated cell lines.     

高活性、高抗毒性的甲酸燃料电池阳极催化剂

甲酸燃料电池是一种近年发展起来的新型燃料电池,具有极好的商业化前景,但其发展受到很多因素的制约,其中阳极催化剂是影响其性能的关键因素。本文从催化剂的制备方法、催化剂载体和掺杂其他元素等方面介绍了近年来国内外在提高催化剂的活性和抗毒性方面所做的重要研究工作。具体包括:电沉积法、有机溶胶法等重要制备方法,碳纳米管、石墨烯和复合材料作为催化剂载体的研究以及通过掺杂其他元素制备合金催化剂和复合催化剂来提高催化剂活性和抗毒性的相关研究工作。本文还对甲酸燃料电池的发展做了展望。     

Lipids, Lipophilic Components, and Biologically Active Fractions of Viburnum opulus L. Seeds

Methyl and triterpenyl fatty-acid esters and triterpenic acids are isolated and identified from seeds ofViburnum opulus(Caprifoliaceae). The biological activity of pigments and proteins is determined     

Subcellular localization of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid ω-hydroxylation activity in the brain, liver and colonic adenocarcinoma

A homogenate of rat brain, rat liver or human colonic well differentiated adenocarcinoma was prepared in 250 mM sucrose isoosmolaric buffer (pH 7.6) and fractionated by differential centrifugation at 10³, 10⁴ and 10⁵ g. Each precipitate or supernatant was incubated with NADPH and docosahexaenoic acid or arachidonic acid as a substrate for 30 min at 37°C under aerobic conditions. ω-Hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid or ω-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid from an incubation mixture was detected by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-thermospray mass spectrometry with selected-ion monitoring. ω-Hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acids were characterized by high intensity of the molecular ion (MH⁺) although common hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acids were characterized by high intensity of the MH⁺ - H₂O ion. For the rat brain, ω-hydroxylation activity (the amount of ω-hydroxy product produced in 30 min) was concentrated to a 103 g precipitate although the specific activity (the activity per 1 mg of protein) in the 10³ g precipitate did not indicate superiority over other fractions. However, the specific activity of the rat brain increased on addition of a 10⁴ or 10⁵ g precipitate. For the rat liver, although ω-hydroxylation activity was concentrated to a 10³ g precipitate, the specific activity was concentrated to a 10⁵ g precipitate and the Subcellular localization differed from that of rat brain. In the human colonic well differentiated adenocarcinoma, although ω-hydroxylation activity was relatively high in the 10³ g supernatant, the specific activity was relatively high in the 10³ and 10⁵ g precipitates. These results suggest that there is a difference regarding subcellular localization of the ω-hydroxylation activity depending on the species of the organs.     

高产花生四烯酸产生菌干菌体中脂肪酸成分的气相色谱-质谱分析

将高产生花生四烯酸（AA）脂肪酸产生菌的干菌体经三氟化硼－甲醇方法甲酯化后,用毛细管气相色谱和质谱进行分析。结果表明干菌体中含有饱和不饱和脂肪酸,其中不饱和脂肪数中以花生四烯酸的含量（70．20％）最高,另外还含有少量的亚油酸和γ-亚麻酸等不饱和脂肪酸,同时给出了各个脂肪酸组分的相对含量。     

Synthesis,Structure and Characterization of a Biologically Active Compound Based on 5-Nitrosalicylaldehyde Schiff Base

A new Schiff base compound((NSBSH)2bipy·3H2O) based on 5-nitrosalicylal 4-methyl benzene-sulfonohydrazide(abbreviated as NSBSH), formulated as C38H40N8O13S2, has been synthesized by the condensation of 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde and 4-methylbenzenesulfonohydrazide, and structurally characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis, elemental analysis and IR spectrum. It crystallizes in monoclinic system, space group P2/c with a = 13.7992(16), b = 7.1410(8), c = 21.403(2), β = 95.5660(10)o and V = 2099.1(4)3. X-ray analysis reveals that there are obvious π-π stacking interactions between two adjacent aromatic ring planes. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions connect the adjacent Schiff base units into a binuclear unit, and further propagate these moieties into a two-dimensional(2D) supramolecular network. The title compound displays strong photoluminescence in the liquid state as well as high thermal stability. The experiment also shows that it has a good antibacterial activity in vitro antibacterial activity against Sarcina.     

New Biologically Active N-(Tetrahydrobenzothienopyrimidin-4-YL)-Amino Acids,Thiourethane, Sulfonamides and Related Compounds

Abstract

Some derivatives of thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine containing amino acids 3a-i, imidazoles 4a-f, isothiocyanate 5, thiourethane 6, triazine 8, pyrimidine 10, sulphonamides 13a-d, 14, pyrazole 16 and pyrazolone 17 were synthesized. The structural assignments of the new compounds were based on analytical, spectroscopic measurements and chemical reactions. Some of the obtained compounds showed interesting antimicrobial activities.     

分子生物色谱用于中药活性成分筛选及质量控制方法的研究

报道了近期工作进展,首先阐述了分子生物色谱的基本原理及特点,然后介绍了分子生物色谱对多种中药、不同产地的同种中药活性成分谱图模式的比较,结合已有的工作对活性成分筛选方法、相互作用研究、质量控制方法发展做了细致的说明,并讨论了其发展方向及前景。     

In Silico Prediction of Cross-Reactive Epitopes of Tropomyosin from Shrimp and Other Arthropods Involved in Allergy

Tropomyosin in shellfish is considered a major cross-reactive allergen in house dust mites and cockroaches; however, the specific epitopes have not been elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the consensus antigenic determinant among shrimp, house dust mites, and cockroaches using in silico methods. The protein sequences of tropomyosin, including Der f 10, Mac r 1, Pen a 1, Pen m 1, Per a 7, and Bla g 7, were retrieved from the UniProt database. The 3D structures were derived from the AlphaFold or modeled using the Robetta. The determination of linear epitopes was performed by AlgPRED and BepiPRED for B cell epitope, and NetMHCIIpan and NetMHCII for T cell epitope, while Ellipro was used to evaluate conformational epitopes. Fourteen peptides were discovered as the consensus linear B cell epitopes, while seventeen peptides were identified as linear T cell epitopes specific to high-frequency HLA-DR and HLA-DQ alleles. The conformational determination of B cell epitopes provided nine peptides, in which residues 209, 212, 255–256, and 258–259 were found in both linear B cell and linear T cell epitope analysis. This data could be utilized for further in vitro study and may contribute to immunotherapy for allergic diseases associated with tropomyosin.     

Sinapic Acid Ameliorates Acetic Acid-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats by Suppressing Inflammation,Oxidative Stress,and Apoptosis

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a long-term condition which results in inflammation and ulcers of the colon and rectum. The key indications of active disease are abdominal pain and diarrhea mixed with blood. Aims: We explore the underlying colon protective mechanism of sinapic acid (SA) against acetic acid (AA) induced ulcerative colitis in rats. The implications of inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis are studied. Methodology: Twenty-four rats were distributed into four categories, normal control (NC), ulcerative colitis (UC), ulcerative Colitis with SA 40 mg/kg (SA 40 mg/kg + AA), and ulcerative colitis with prednisolone (PRDL 10 mg/kg + AA), and were pretreated orally with saline, saline and SA (40 mg/kg/day) or PRDL (10 mg/kg/day) respectively, for 7 days. UC was prompted by trans-rectal administration of 4% AA on the 5th day, colon tissues were surgically removed for gross morphology and histological inspection, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers and immunoblot analysis of Bax, caspase-3, and Bcl-2. Results: Macroscopic and histological inspection demonstrated that both SA 40 mg/kg and PRDL (10 mg/kg/day) significantly ameliorates colonic injuries. In addition, both pretreatments significantly ameliorates AA-induced UC, oxidative stress, as indicated by suppressed malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) levels and restoring antioxidant/oxidant balance as indicated by catalase and glutathione levels, suppressed inflammation via inhibiting cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, inflammatory markers MPO, PGE₂, COX-2 and NF-κB and inhibiting the protein expression of Bax and caspase-3 apoptotic protein and increasing the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2 thereby inhibiting apoptosis. Conclusion: Sinapic acid significantly ameliorates AA induced UC in rats by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in colonic tissues which exhibits its potential for the management of UC.     

Highly Active and Stable Pt-USY in the Low-Temperature de-NOx HC-SCR

Selective catalytic reduction of NO_x by propene has been investigated on Pt-USY and compared to other Pt-catalysts. The catalyst was characterized by XRD, Ar adsorption at 87 K, TEM, and CO chemisorption, and tested in a gas mixture system in excess oxygen. Pt-USY shows an excellent activity in the reaction, with a molar NO_x conversion of 90% at 475 K. Stability during time-on-stream and resistance to SO₂ and H₂O in the feed stream has also been investigated. Pt-USY performs better under lean-burn conditions than other Pt-catalysts on ZSM-5, Al₂O₃, or SiO₂. The selectivity to N₂ was similar for all the catalysts (30%), the other major product being N₂O.