Accurate ab initio anharmonic force field and heat of formation for silane

From large basis set coupled cluster calculations and a minor empirical adjustment, an anharmonic force field for silane has been derived that is consistently of spectroscopic quality (±1 cm^?1 on vibrational fundamentals) for all isotopomers of silane studied. Inner-shell polarization functions have an appreciable effect on computed properties and even on anharmonic corrections. From large basis set coupled cluster calculations and extrapolations to the infinite-basis set limit, we obtain TAE₀ = 303.80 ± 0.18 kcal mol^?1, which includes an anharmonic zero-point energy (19.59 kcal mol^?1), inner-shell correlation (—0.36 kcal mol^?1), scalar relativistic corrections (— 0.70 kcal mol^?1) and atomic spin-orbit corrections (—0.43 kcal mol^?1). In combination with the recently revised ΔH ^o _{f, o}[Si(g)], we obtain ΔH ^o _f.o[SiH₄(g)] = 9.9 ± 0.4 kcal mol^?1 in between the two established experimental values.     

An ab initio study of vibrational corrections to the electrical properties of ethylene

Accurate SCF and MP2 quartic property hypersurfaces have been computed for the energy, quadrupole moment and polarizability tensor of ethylene to obtain zero-point vibrational corrections to the properties. Coupled with accurate electrical properties computed at a high level correlated r _e geometry, using a range of correlated methods, especially BD and BD(T), along with a number of purpose-built polarized basis sets, definitive estimates have been made of these properties that incorporate the effects of vibrational averaging. The effect of deuterium substitution on the properties was investigated, and the frequency dependence of the polarizability tensor was studied also. Careful attention has been paid to a critical comparison between these theoretical estimates and experimental measurements, and agreement between the two is shown to be exceptionally good. In particular, it is possible to resolve the disagreement between recent theoretical calculations and experimental measurements of the Cotton–Mouton constant. The results focus attention on both the general utility of the present method, and the necessity to allow for the effects of zero-point vibrational averaging when comparing theory with experiment, or even when comparing different theoretical results with one another using experiment as a benchmark.     

The theory of low-energy positron collisions with molecules

This review begins by describing the theory of the collisions of low-energy positrons with molecules. It then goes on to describe in detail the calculations, both phenomenological and ab initio, which have been carried out to date to predict the results of low-energy positron-molecule scattering experiments. The review conludes with a discussion of possible future developments.     

Breakup of H2 in singly ionizing collisions with fast protons: channel-selective low-energy electron spectra

Dissociative as well as nondissociative single ionization of H2 by 6 MeV proton impact has been studied in a kinematically complete experiment by measuring the momentum vectors of the electron and the H+ fragment or the H+2 target ion, respectively. For the two ionization pathways, the electron spectra reveal the role of autoionization of the doubly and singly excited states of H2. The latter explicitly involve the coupling between the electronic and the nuclear motion of the molecule. This is a clear manifestation of a breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation.     

Predicting Raman Spectra with ab initio Calculations

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Valence electron photoemission spectrum of semiconductors: ab initio description of multiple satellites

The experimental valence band photoemission spectrum of semiconductors exhibits multiple satellites that cannot be described by the GW approximation for the self-energy in the framework of many-body perturbation theory. Taking silicon as a prototypical example, we compare experimental high energy photoemission spectra with GW calculations and analyze the origin of the GW failure. We then propose an approximation to the functional differential equation that determines the exact one-body Green's function, whose solution has an exponential form. This yields a calculated spectrum, including cross sections, secondary electrons, and an estimate for extrinsic and interference effects, in excellent agreement with experiment. Our result can be recast as a dynamical vertex correction beyond GW, giving hints for further developments.     

All electron ab initio investigations of the electronic states of the FeC molecule

The low-lying electronic states of the molecule FeC have been investigated by performing all electron ab initio multi-configuration self-consistent-field (CASSCF) and multi reference configuration interaction (MRCI) calculations. The relativistic corrections for the one-electron Darwin contact term and the relativistic mass-velocity correction have been determined in perturbation calculations. The electronic structure of the FeC molecule is interpreted as antiferromagnetic couplings of the localized angular momenta of the ions and resulting in a triple bond in the valence bond sense. The electronic ground state is confirmed as being . The spectroscopic constants for the ground state and eleven excited states have been derived from the results of the MRCI calculations. The spectroscopic constants for the ground state have been determined as and ,and for the low-lying state as and . The values for the ground state agree well with the available experimental data. The FeC molecule is polar with charge transfer from Fe to C. The dipole moment has been determined as in the ground state and as 1.51 D in the state. From the results of the MRCI calculations the dissociation energy, , is determined as 2.79 eV, and D₀ as 2.74 eV. Received: 2 October 1998 / Received in final form: 30 March 1999     

Experimental IR study and ab initio modelling of ethylene adsorption in a MFI-type host zeolite

Different ab initio methods and experimental results are used to investigate the effect of the adsorption of one ethylene molecule on silicalite-1, a MFI-type zeolite. We used simplified models to simulate a portion of a straight or sinusoidal channel of silicalite-1 at a quantum level. The calculated absorption spectra of the models are qualitatively in good agreement with the experimental FTIR spectrum of silicalite-1. Additionally we simulate the FTIR spectrum of the isolated ethylene molecule and that of an ethylene molecule in interaction with the above-mentioned zeolite models. Results are discussed depending on the method and specific basis set and compared with experiments and previous molecular dynamics simulations.     

The electron affinity of Al13H cluster: high level ab initio study

Al₁₃H clusters have been considered candidates for cluster assembled materials. Here we have carried out benchmark calculations for the Al₁₃H cluster, both neutral and anionic, with the aim of verifying the nature of stationary points on the potential energy surface, studying dynamics of H atom and determining an adiabatic electron affinity. A range of correlated methods applied include second-order perturbation theory (MP2), spin-component-scaled MP2, coupled electron pair (CEPA) and coupled cluster singles and doubles with perturbative triple corrections (CCSD(T)). These methods are used in combination with the correlation consistent basis sets through aug-cc-pVTZ including extrapolation to the complete basis set (CBS) limit. Performance of several different flavours of density functional theory (DFT) such as generalised gradient approximation (GGA), hybrid GGA, meta-GGA and hybrid-meta-GGA is assessed with respect to the ab initio correlated reference data. The harmonic force constant analysis is systematically performed with the MP2 and DFT methods. The MP2 results show that for neutral Al₁₃H only the hollow structure is a potential energy minimum, with the bridged structure being a transition state for the H shift from the hollow site to the adjacent hollow site. The CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ (CCSD(T)/CBS) estimate of the energy barrier to this H shift is 2.6 (2.9) kcal/mol, implying that the H atom movement over the Al₁₃H cluster surface is facile. By contrast, the DFT force constant analysis results suggest additional terminal and bridged minima structures. For the anion Al₁₃H^?, exhibiting ‘stiffer’ potential energy surface compared to the neutral, the existence of the hollow and terminal isomers is consistent with the earlier photoelectron spectroscopy assignment. The adiabatic electron affinity of Al₁₃H is determined to be 2.00 and 1.95 eV (the latter including the ΔZPE correction) based on the CCSD(T) energies extrapolated to the CBS limit, whereas the respective CCSD(T)/CBS thermodynamic EA values are 2.79 and 2.80 eV.     

Quantum mechanical ab initio simulation of the electron screening effect in metal deuteride crystals

In antecedent experiments the electron screening energies of the d+d reactions in metallic environments have been determined to be enhanced by an order of magnitude in comparison to the case of gaseous deuterium targets. The analytical models describing averaged material properties have not been able to explain the experimental results so far. Therefore, a first effort has been undertaken to simulate the dynamics of reacting deuterons in a metallic lattice by means of an ab initio Hartree-Fock calculation of the total electrostatic force between the lattice and the successively approaching deuterons via path integration. The calculations have been performed for Li and Ta, clearly showing a migration of electrons from host metallic to the deuterium atoms. However, in order to avoid more of the necessary simplifications in the model the utilization of a massive parallel supercomputer would be required.     

Classical calculation of proton collisions with ethylene

Single electron capture and single ionization total cross sections in collisions of proton with ethylene are calculated for an energy range 25 keV ≤ E ≤ 150 keV, using the classical trajectory Monte Carlo method. Multi-center model potentials are employed to represent the interaction of the active electron on each molecular orbital with the C₂H₄⁺_{4}^{+} core. The results are compared with experimental results for single electron capture.     

c-C3H2、HCCH和H2CCC的电离能和生成热的从头算精确预示

c-C_3H_2,HCCH和H_2CCC的电离能用CCSD(T)／CBS方法进行了计算。在计算中还包含了零点振动能校正和芯电子和价电子相关校正,标量相对论效应和高于CCSD(T)理论水平的校正。CCSD(T)／CBS方法计算的c-C_3H_2和HCCH电离能的数值分别为(9.15±0.03)和(8.96±0.04)eV,且与实验值(9.15±0.03)和(8.96±0.04)eV很好一致。CCSD(T)计算的H_2CCC→H_2CCC~ (~2A_1,C_(2v))和H_2CCC→H_2CCC (~2A′,C_s)电离跃迁的电离能分别为10.477和10.388 eV。在考虑Frank-Condon因子基础上,以前单光子电离实验所测定的(10.43±0.02)eV电离能最可能对应于H_2CCC→H_2CCC (~2A_1,C_(2v))跃迁的电离阈值。虽然对c-C_3H_2,HCCH和H_2CCC实验电离能测量的精确性难以达到理论计算精度的±30 meV范围内,所得到的理论电离能值与实验值非常一致,表明CCSD(T)／CBS计算结合高级相关校正对简单的碳氢卡宾和双自由基能得到可靠的电离能预示值。还给出了c-C_3H_2／c-C_3H_2~ ,HCCH／HCCH 和H_2CCC／H_2CCC 在0和298 K的生成热△H_(f0)~o和△H_(f298)~o。发现考虑实验精度不确定性后,它们的实验值与CCSD(T)／CBS预示值非常一致。     

Mechanisms of transfer reactions in low-energy collisions with neutron-enriched nuclei

A mechanism of neutron transfer between nuclei in close low-energy collisions is established. It includes three stages: the transformation of the initial one-nuclear state into a two-nucleus state, the transitions of this state to other molecular states, and the transformation of those states into one-nuclear states in which nuclei are separated from one another. An explanation is offered for the fusion of nuclei in the ¹⁸O + ⁵⁸Ni reaction exceeding the cross section, relative to the ¹⁶O + ⁶⁰Ni reaction.     

Sequence dependent electron transport in wet DNA: ab initio and molecular dynamics studies

We combine molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory to analyze the electrical structure and transmission probability in four different DNA sequences under physiological conditions. The conductance in these sequences is primarily controlled by interstrand and intrastrand coupling between low-energy guanine orbitals. Insertion of adenine-thymine base pairs between the guanine-cytosine rich domains acts as a tunneling barrier. Our theory explains recent length dependent conductance data for individual DNA molecules in water.