新型含苯并二噻吩与苯并二吡咯酮基元的 D-A共聚物的合成及性质

采用苯并二吡咯酮作电子受体单元，在钯催化下，与不同取代基修饰的电子给体单元苯并二噻吩进行Stille偶联聚合反应，合成了两种新型的电子给受体（D-A）聚合物(P1和P2)，其结构和性能经UV-Vis, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR,元素分析，GPC, CV和TGA表征。结果表明：薄膜态P1和P2在300~800 nm表现出较强吸。P1和P2的低能端吸收峰值分别位于621 nm和616 nm。氧化峰分别位于0.41 V和0.46 V，能隙分别为1.41 eV和1.36 eV。     

N-烷基吩噻嗪化合物与四氯化碳的光诱导电子转移反应

N-烷基吩噻嗪化合物(1a～1c)与四氯化碳之间的光诱导电子转移反应生成3-(N′-吩噻嗪基羰基)-N-烷基吩噻嗪(2a, 2b),3-(N′-烷基吩噻嗪基-3′-羰基)-N-烷基吩噻嗪(3b, 3c), 及N-烷基吩噻嗪正离子自由基的四氯化碳盐1+.CCl-.C4 (4a～4c),提出了光诱导电子转移机理.     

基于二噻吩并吡咯π桥的窄带隙非富勒烯受体材料在有机太阳能电池中的应用

以不同烷基取代的二噻吩并吡咯(DTP)为π桥,连接吲哒省并二噻吩(IDT)中间单元和氰基茚酮(IC)或二氟代氰基茚酮(2F-IC)末端基团,设计并合成了6个窄带隙的非富勒烯受体材料。 其中,IDTDTP-C₂C₂-H和IDTDTP-C₂C₂-F中的DTP单元以1-乙基丙基为侧链,IDTDTP-C₆C₆-H和IDTDTP-C₆C₆-F中的DTP单元以1-己基庚基为侧链,IDTDTP-C₁₂-H和IDTDTP-C₁₂-F中的DTP单元以十二烷基为侧链。 6个分子均具有较窄的光学带隙(1.37~1.44 eV)。 相比于以IC为末端基团的分子(IDTDTP-C₂C₂-H、IDTDTP-C₆C₆-H和IDTDTP-C₁₂-H),由于氟原子的拉电子效应,以2F-IC为末端基团的分子(IDTDTP-C₂C₂-F、IDTDTP-C₆C₆-F和IDTDTP-C₁₂-F)具有红移的吸收光谱,以及更低的最高分子占有轨道能级(HOMO)和最低分子空轨道(LUMO)能级。 以宽带隙聚合物聚[2,6-(4,8-双(5-(2-乙基己基))噻吩-2-基)-苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b']二噻吩-alt-5,5-(1',3'-二-2-噻吩)-5',7'-双(2-乙基己基)-苯并[1',2'-c:4',5'-c']二噻吩-4,8-二酮](PBDB-T)为给体材料,制备了有机太阳能电池器件。 PBDB-T:IDTDTP-C₆C₆-F共混薄膜具有较高且更平衡的空穴/电子迁移率,以及良好的形貌,基于PBDB-T:IDTDTP-C₆C₆-F的有机太阳能电池获得了6.94%的能量转换效率,开路电压为0.86 V,短路电流密度为13.56 mA/cm²,填充因子为59.5%。     

TC16PyP(4)/AnQ混合LB膜结构的研究

我们曾报道了沉积在 Sn O2 导电玻璃基片上的 5 ,1 0 ,1 5 ,2 0 -四 -(4 -十六烷基吡啶基 )卟啉 [TC16 Py P(4 ) ]LB膜的光电性质 [1] .结果表明 ,电解质溶液中含有电子给体和受体时 ,由于超敏化作用 ,样品光电效应明显增强 .在研究其它 LB膜时 ,我们发现将两亲性卟啉分子 A与等物质的量憎水性化合物 B一起拉膜时 ,有可能得到一一对应的混合 LB膜[2 ] .如果 A和 B分别为电子给体和受体 (反之亦然 ) ,A和 B之间应有较强的相互作用 .将这种混合 LB膜沉积在基板上 ,可能表现出新的电子与光学性质 ,从而得到具有多种功能的新材料 .本文…     

D-π-A分子H-聚集体的电子光谱

合成了具有强化给体和强电子受体的D-π-A分子5-(4-N,N-二甲氨基苯乙烯基)-(1H,3H)-2,4,6-嘧啶三酮(AB1)和5-(4-N,N-双十八烷基氨基苯乙烯基)-(1H,3H)-2,4,6-嘧啶三酮(AB18),并对其电子光谱进行了研究,AB18在环 聚集体的吸收光谱及AB1和AP18的表面光电压谱在450nm附近出现H-聚集体的谱带,比其在氯仿溶液中单体的ICT带蓝移了30nm左右,AB1和AB18固体及其高浓度的氯仿溶液分别在620nm和610nm附近出现来源于H-聚集体的激基缔合物的荧光,620nm带比单体红移3000cm^01 左右,还探讨具有强电子给体和受体的D-π-A分子间π-π相互作用.     

基于四氰基受体单元的高效近红外热激活延迟荧光

以二吡啶并吩嗪为受体单元,三苯胺(TPA)为给体单元,设计合成了近红外(NIR)热激活延迟荧光(TADF)材料11,12-双[4-(二苯基氨基)苯基]联吡啶[3,2-a:2’,3’-c]吩嗪-3,6,10,13-四甲腈(FCNPZ-TPA).在FCNPZ-TPA分子的受体单元上引入4个氰基增加了受体单元的吸电子能力.考虑到TPA具有优异的给电子能力,将强给体-强受体单元同时引入分子骨架中,使得FCNPZ-TPA的发射波长红移到近红外区域.另外,给体(D)和受体(A)单元之间空间位阻导致FCNPZ-TPA具有扭曲D-A分子构型,从而实现了较小的单线态-三线态能级差(ΔEST).得益于FCNPZ-TPA分子刚性骨架以及较小的ΔEST,当FCNPZ-TPA掺杂在主体4,4’-二(9-咔唑)联苯中时,该有机支光二极管器件在发射波长为742 nm处实现了8.01%的最大外量子效率(EQE).     

(E)-(5-(4-(二苯基胺)苯乙烯基)二噻吩并[2,3-b∶3′,2′-d]噻吩基)-2-亚甲基丙二腈的聚集态发光现象的研究

本文报道了对一种电子给体-受体化合物(E)-(5-(4-(二苯基胺)苯乙烯基)二噻吩并[2,3-b∶3′,2′-d]噻吩基)-2-亚甲基丙二腈(TPA-DCST)的合成与光谱学行为的研究。化合物TPA-DCST的分子结构中含有强电子给体(三苯胺)与强电子受体(二氰基乙烯)两个部分,并由二噻吩并[2,3-b∶3′,2′-d]噻吩作为共轭桥将电子给体与受体相连接。在合成方面,采用Wittig反应将三苯胺通过双键与二噻吩并[2,3-b∶3′,2′-d]噻吩相连接、醛基化,并与并二腈经Knoevenagel缩合反应合成目标产物。产物通过了核磁氢谱、碳谱、红外以及高分辨率质谱的确认。光谱方面,主要考察了该化合物的吸收与荧光行为。其最大吸收峰位在412nm左右,归属于π-π*跃迁。在非极性溶剂正己烷中表现出来自分子间聚集而形成的聚集态荧光(550nm),并通过了单分子在CTAB胶束([c]=1.02×10-2 mol/L)的发光(460nm)试验得到验证。溶剂效应表明,该化合物没有出现典型的ICT态的发光现象,其原因在于电子给体与受体相连的共轭桥单元,即二噻吩并[2,3-b∶3′,2′-d]噻吩不具有有效的共轭效应。浓度效应与温度效应进一步表明TPA-DCST分子易于产生分子间聚集态的发光。在THF-H_2O二元溶剂体系中呈现典型的聚集诱导(AIE)发光现象,发光峰位为692nm。随着TPA-DCST分子间的聚集程度的增加,聚集态的荧光出现大范围的红移,直至固体发光红移到710nm。TPA-DCST分子的聚集因素可能来自于疏脂作用、偶极-偶极相互作用等。     

基于噻吩并吡嗪类的-(D-A_1)_m-(D-A_2)_n-型三元无规共聚物的合成及光电性能

选用苯并二噻吩(BDT)类衍生物作为给体单元D,并选用噻吩并吡咯二酮(TPD)类衍生物(A1)和噻吩并吡嗪(TP)类衍生物(A2)作为共同的受体单元,通过Stille偶联聚合制备了-(DA_1)_m-(D-A_2)_n-型三元无规共聚物,并同时合成了基于BDT和TP的二元共聚物。采用核磁共振氢谱(1 H-NMR)、凝胶液相色谱(GPC)和热重(TG)表征聚合物的结构与性能;采用紫外-可见光谱和循环伏安法测试聚合物的光电性能,研究了以这类聚合物为给体材料制备的太阳能器件的光伏性能。结果表明:三元无规共聚物具有较高的相对分子量和热稳定性,在太阳光范围具有强而宽的吸收,同时具有相对较低的最高电子占用轨道HOMO和最低电子占用轨道LUMO能级。基于三元无规共聚物P2的器件,其光电转换效率可达到1.22%,优于相应的二元共聚物P1的1.15%。     

3, 6-二取代-均三唑并[3, 4-b]-1, 3, 4-噻二唑的合成

研究了2-苯基-1, 2, 3-三唑-4-羧酸(1)与3-烷基/芳基-4-氨基-5-巯基-1, 2, 4-三唑(2a～o)在POCl~3催化下, 脱水缩合得到15个新的3-烷基/芳基-6-(2'-苯基-1', 2', 3'-三唑-4'-基)均三唑并[3,4-b]-1, 3, 4-噻二唑类化合物(3a～o)。     

吡唑并[1,5-α]吡啶类化合物的合成及其体外受体结合分析

以吡唑并[1,5-α]吡啶-3-甲醛和N-甲酰基哌嗪为原料,经过还原胺化、水解和N-烷基化反应,合成了3-(4-苄基哌嗪-1-基甲基)吡唑并[1,5-α]吡啶、3-[4-(4-氯苄基)哌嗪-1-基甲基]吡唑并[1,5-α]吡啶和3-[4-(4-甲氧基苄基)哌嗪-1-基甲基]吡唑并[1,5-α]吡啶,通过1H NMR、ESI MS等技术手段对中间体及3个目标化合物进行了表征,并通过体外受体结合实验,测定3个目标化合物对多巴胺D4.2受体的亲和常数(Ki)分别为1.6、7.2、65 nmol/L;对D2受体的亲和常数分别为1920、5320和9800 nmol/L;对D3受体的亲和常数分别为1710、4270和5600 nmol/L。结果表明,3-(4-苄基哌嗪-1-基甲基)吡唑并[1,5-α]吡啶对多巴胺D4受体具有较高的亲和性与选择性,是多巴胺D4受体潜在的配基。     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

钒与糖代谢及糖尿病

微量元素钒作为生物体内必需元素，经证实有很重要的生理学功能，与机体糖代谢有十分密切的关系，且能降低糖尿病动物模型的高血糖，极有可能被开发为治疗糖尿病的药物。     

Synthesis of Tyrosol and Hydroxytyrosol Glycofuranosides and Their Biochemical and Biological Activities in Cell-Free and Cellular Assays

Tyrosol (T) and hydroxytyrosol (HOT) and their glycosides are promising candidates for applications in functional food products or in complementary therapy. A series of phenylethanoid glycofuranosides (PEGFs) were synthesized to compare some of their biochemical and biological activities with T and HOT. The optimization of glycosylation promoted by environmentally benign basic zinc carbonate was performed to prepare HOT α-L-arabino-, β-D-apio-, and β-D-ribofuranosides. T and HOT β-D-fructofuranosides, prepared by enzymatic transfructosylation of T and HOT, were also included in the comparative study. The antioxidant capacity and DNA-protective potential of T, HOT, and PEGFs on plasmid DNA were determined using cell-free assays. The DNA-damaging potential of the studied compounds for human hepatoma HepG2 cells and their DNA-protective potential on HepG2 cells against hydrogen peroxide were evaluated using the comet assay. Experiments revealed a spectrum of different activities of the studied compounds. HOT and HOT β-D-fructofuranoside appear to be the best-performing scavengers and protectants of plasmid DNA and HepG2 cells. T and T β-D-fructofuranoside display almost zero or low scavenging/antioxidant activity and protective effects on plasmid DNA or HepG2 cells. The results imply that especially HOT β-D-fructofuranoside and β-D-apiofuranoside could be considered as prospective molecules for the subsequent design of supplements with potential in food and health protection.     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.