过氧化氢氧化-荧光分光光度法测定片剂中叶酸含量

1　引　　言作者曾开发出ＫＭｎＯ4 氧化 荧光分析法测定片剂中叶酸 (ＰＧＡ)含量的荧光新体系。该法通过测定ＰＧＡ的氧化产物蝶呤 6 羧酸的荧光强度 ,间接测定了ＰＧＡ的含量。考虑到用Ｈ2 Ｏ2 氧化ＰＧＡ ,分析其氧化产物蝶呤 6 甲醛的结构 ,也是强荧光性物质 ,也有可能用荧光测定法。为此本文详细研究了在ＮａＡｃ ＨＡｃ和ＮＨ4 Ｃｌ ＮＨ3·Ｈ2 Ｏ不同缓冲溶液中Ｈ2 Ｏ2 氧化ＰＧＡ的最佳条件和荧光特性 ,ＰＧＡ的检测限分别为 5 .2 μｇ/Ｌ(ｐＨ 5 .0 )、6.8μｇ/Ｌ (ｐＨ 10 .5 0 ) ,前者最佳ｐＨ范围较宽 ,抗干扰能力也明显强于…     

新显色剂三甲氧基苯基荧光酮光度法测定锗

研究了新试剂三甲氧基苯基荧光酮光度测定锗的方法。在 3mol/ m LH3PO4 介质中 ,当 Triton X- 1 0 0存在时 ,锗与三甲氧基苯基荧光酮形成 1∶ 2橘红色络合物 ,最大吸收在 5 0 5 nm波长处 ,摩尔吸光系数为 1 .7× 1 0 5L· mol-1·cm-1且具有高的选择性。当锗含量在 0～ 6μg/ 2 5 m L范围内符合比尔定律。已用于大蒜与枸杞子中锗的测定     

二甲氧基羟基苯基荧光酮光度法测定生物样品中锗

研究了二甲氧基羟基苯基荧光酮光度法测定锗。在H3PO4 介质中 ,TritonX 10 0存在时 ,锗与二甲氧基羟基苯基荧光酮形成 1∶2橙红色络合物 ,最大吸收在 5 0 5nm波长处 ,表观摩尔吸光系数为 1.8× 10 5L·mol- 1·cm- 1,并且具有灵敏度高、选择性好的特点。当锗含量在 0～ 7μg/2 5ml范围内符合比耳定律。已用于茶叶、党参和药物中锗的测定     

铬(VI)-O-FPF-CTMAB-酒石酸钠荧光熄灭体系及其应用

铬(ＶＩ)影响人体健康,从而引起人们的注意,近年来建立了许多测定铬(ＶＩ)的新方法。用荧光熄灭法测定铬的方法有:二溴羟基苯基荧光酮 乳化剂ＯＰ[1]、水杨基荧光酮 ＣＴＭＡＢ[2]、二溴苯基荧光酮[3]、间氟苯基荧光酮 ＣＴＭＡＢ[4]等,但以上均为三元体系。本实验发现在ｐＨ4 20～4 80的ＨＡｃ ＮａＡｃ缓冲介质中,Ｃｒ(ＶＩ)与邻氟苯基荧光酮(Ｏ ＦＰＦ)、溴化十六烷基三甲基铵(ＣＴＭＡＢ)及酒石酸钠(Ｔａｒｔｒａｔｅ)可形成一多元混配络合物,使Ｏ ＦＰＦ试剂的荧光显著熄灭。Ｃｒ(ＶＩ) Ｏ ＦＰＦ ＣＴＭＡＢ Ｔａｒｔ荧光体系测定…     

固相分光光度法测定枸杞中的痕量锗

建立了以苯基荧光酮为显色剂固相分光光度法测定痕量锗的新方法。在0 .1 5 mol/L HCl介质中 ,锗吸附于树脂上 ,再与苯基荧光酮显色 ,直接在最大吸收波长 5 35 nm处对树脂相进行测量。锗含量在 0～ 2 5 0 μg/L范围内符合比尔定律 ,表观摩尔吸光系数为 2 .6× 1 0 6L· mol-1· cm-1。该法已应用于枸杞中痕量锗的测定     

2-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基荧光酮分光光度法测定中药中痕量锗

研究了新试剂2羟基3甲氧基苯基荧光酮(HMPF)与锗的显色反应。建立了测定几种中药中锗的光度分析方法。在磷酸(2+1)介质和非离子型表面活性剂OP介质中,2羟基3甲氧基苯基荧光酮与锗发生灵敏的显色反应,其最大吸收峰为505.50nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.56×105L·mol-1·cm-1,锗量在0～12μg/25mL符合比耳定律。锗与试剂的显色反应有良好的选择性,绝大多数金属离子特别是钙、镁、铁、锌和钼有非常高的允许量,可直接应用于几种中药中锗的测定,结果满意。     

4,5—二溴苯基荧光酮和十二烷基硫酸钠吸光光度法测定锗

用取代苯基荧光酮作为显色列的胶束增敏吸光光度法测定锗已有不少报道.形成的多元体系中,各种类型表面活性剂都有应用,但以阳离于表面活性剂为主,而阴离子及两性表面活性剂则极少报道.笔者通过试验发现,使用阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)参与锗与4,5-二溴苯基荧光酮(DBPF)的显色反应.不仅具有较高灵敏度,而且具有很好选择性.低价金属离子及非金属离子均不干扰锗的测定.易产生干扰的高价金属离子的允许存在量均达数百微克以上,优于已有的光度法测定锗的所有体系.直接测定了煤样中微量锗,方法简便快速,获满意结果.     

巯基葡聚糖凝胶分离富集吸光光度法测定微量锗的研究

研究了在溴化十六烷基三甲基铵存在下锗与邻硝基苯基荧光酮的显色反应.结果表明,在HCl介质中,锗与邻硝基苯基荧光酮形成了灵敏度很高的络合物,其ε=1.86×105L·cm-1,组成比Ge(Ⅳ)邻硝基苯基荧光酮=13,采用巯基葡聚糖凝胶(SDG)分离富集,使方法的选择性得到了提高,可用于多种样品中痕量锗的测定,结果满意.     

新显色剂4-甲氧基苯基荧光酮光度测定钛的研究及应用

研究了新显色剂 4 甲氧基苯基荧光酮 (4 MOPF)在表面活性剂溴化十六烷基三甲铵(CTMAB)与钛的显色反应条件。结果表明 ,在pH 5 .0～ 5 .7的缓冲溶液中及CTMAB存在下 ,Ti(Ⅳ )与试剂形成 1∶4的有色配合物 ,最大吸收波长位于 5 6 0nm ,摩尔吸光系数为 2 .2× 10 5L·mol-1·cm-1,钛量在 0～ 1.8μg 2 5ml符合比耳定律。显色体系灵敏度高 ,稳定 ,并有较好的选择性 ,在混合掩蔽剂存在下 ,可直接测定合金钢中的钛 ,结果满意     

间氟苯基荧光酮-溴化十六烷基三甲铵荧光光度法测定微量铁的研究

在 pH 5 .0 0的NaOAc HOAc缓冲溶液中 ,在CTMAB的存在下 ,间氟苯基荧光酮 (m FPF)本身呈现较强的荧光 (λex=36 5nm ,λem=5 6 3nm )。微克量铁 (Ⅲ )在此条件下 ,能与m FPF生成配合物而使m FPF CTMAB体系产生荧光熄灭现象。荧光强度的减弱 (ΔF)与铁 (Ⅲ )浓度在0～ 3.0 μg/ 2 5ml范围内呈良好的线性关系。该反应对铁 (Ⅲ )的检出限为 1.12 μg·L- 1,已应用于自来水和人发试样中微量铁的测定。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Investigation of Kinetics of Solid-Phase Synthesis of Lithium Orthosilicate

The kinetics of the interaction between lithium carbonate and silica with various degrees of dispersion was investigated by TG and DTA methods. It was found that the utilization of pyrogenic silica with a specific surface area of about 300 m²g^-1 instead of aerosil with one of 175 m²g^-1 leads to an increase of the reaction rate between lithium carbonate and silica, which depends on the formation and growth of lithium orthosilicate crystals in the first stage, and is conditioned by the diffusion of lithium and oxygen ions through the lithium orthosilicate layer formed at temperatures above 800 K. This supposition is supported by the kinetic analysis results obtained with the use of the different models. The optimal regime of heating is recommended. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

小环化合物中饱和碳质子化学位移的计算

小环化合物由于其张力、构型、构象和各向异性效应等原因,环碳上质子化学位移缺乏规律性,难以预测,对此作者曾提出一种近似算法。本文根据303种小环化合物中饱和碳质子的化学位移实验数据,将适于计算这类质子化学位移的公式表述为:     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.