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Tohoru Takeda Akio Yoneyama Jin Wu Atsushi Momose Kazuyuki Hyodo 《Journal of synchrotron radiation》2012,19(2):252-256
Using a two‐crystal‐interferometer‐based phase‐contrast X‐ray imaging system, the portal vein, capillary vessel area and hepatic vein of live rats were revealed sequentially by injecting physiological saline via the portal vein. Vessels greater than 0.06 mm in diameter were clearly shown with low levels of X‐rays (552 µGy). This suggests that in vivo vessel imaging of small animals can be performed as conventional angiography without the side effects of the presently used iodine contrast agents. 相似文献
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A robust method for high‐precision quantification of the complex three‐dimensional vasculatures acquired by X‐ray microtomography
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Hai Tan Dadong Wang Rongxin Li Changming Sun Ryan Lagerstrom You He Yanling Xue Tiqiao Xiao 《Journal of synchrotron radiation》2016,23(5):1216-1226
The quantification of micro‐vasculatures is important for the analysis of angiogenesis on which the detection of tumor growth or hepatic fibrosis depends. Synchrotron‐based X‐ray computed micro‐tomography (SR‐µCT) allows rapid acquisition of micro‐vasculature images at micrometer‐scale spatial resolution. Through skeletonization, the statistical features of the micro‐vasculature can be extracted from the skeleton of the micro‐vasculatures. Thinning is a widely used algorithm to produce the vascular skeleton in medical research. Existing three‐dimensional thinning methods normally emphasize the preservation of topological structure rather than geometrical features in generating the skeleton of a volumetric object. This results in three problems and limits the accuracy of the quantitative results related to the geometrical structure of the vasculature. The problems include the excessively shortened length of elongated objects, eliminated branches of blood vessel tree structure, and numerous noisy spurious branches. The inaccuracy of the skeleton directly introduces errors in the quantitative analysis, especially on the parameters concerning the vascular length and the counts of vessel segments and branching points. In this paper, a robust method using a consolidated end‐point constraint for thinning, which generates geometry‐preserving skeletons in addition to maintaining the topology of the vasculature, is presented. The improved skeleton can be used to produce more accurate quantitative results. Experimental results from high‐resolution SR‐µCT images show that the end‐point constraint produced by the proposed method can significantly improve the accuracy of the skeleton obtained using the existing ITK three‐dimensional thinning filter. The produced skeleton has laid the groundwork for accurate quantification of the angiogenesis. This is critical for the early detection of tumors and assessing anti‐angiogenesis treatments. 相似文献
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在血管壁施加第三类边界条件是计算血液与组织间对流换热的一种近似计算方法.为分析其可行性,用有限元数值模拟方法计算血管分支结构中血液与组织的对流换热,得到不同流速和半径下分支血管内血液的截面平均Nu数沿管长的变化曲线.结果表明,血管树中分支血管的Nu数变化幅度不大,且趋于稳定值的速度很快.以相同边界条件下包含简单血管系统的舌体为例,分别用近似方法和完全耦合计算方法,进行血液流场和舌体温度场模拟.通过比较计算结果,得出两种方法得到的温度场分布趋势基本相同;用完全耦合计算方法得到的舌体温度略高于用近似方法得到的舌体温度,两者差值小于0.2℃. 相似文献
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根据 HL-2M 真空室结构及运行工况,对 HL-2M 真空室制造过程的工艺难点进行了深入的分析。结
合前期试验段制造经验,优化了真空室制造工艺,细化了真空室产品的制造工艺方案。通过优化后工艺措施的实
施,提高了真空室的制造质量,并为后续磁约束聚变装置真空室的制造积累了大量的经验。 相似文献
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Zdeněk Knésl 《高压研究》2013,33(1-3):159-163
Abstract The life time of the belt compound vessel is solved from the point of view of a fracture mechanics. It is shown that the existence of plastic deformations created in the matrix of the vessel during working state has practically no influence on the behaviour of the dominant crack and that for estimation of the critical state of the vessel the knowledge of the corresponding stress intensity factor is sufficient. The dominant crack grows under small scale yielding conditions until final fracture of the matrix. 相似文献
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为了认识储氚高压容器壁材料的力学性能变化及其导致的容器承载能力变化, 必须研究储氚期间, 容器壁中氚和氦-3浓度的空间分布和随时间的变化. 针对容器外表面为一般传质边界条件和容器内部氚为范德瓦尔斯气体的情况, 同时考虑容器腔内和容器壁中氚的衰变和扩散, 建立求解储氚高压容器壁中氚和氦-3浓度的解析理论模型, 导出了氚和氦-3浓度的理论公式. 通过解析计算给出了器壁中氚和氦-3浓度随外表面传质系数的变化曲线和浓度的时空变化曲线, 提出了氦-3浓度的2β 1 + β 2 / 2倍定律, 即处于开放空间的储氚球形高压容器, 器壁中氦-3的浓度呈内高外低的分布, 时间越长, 浓度沿径向的梯度越大, 在时间足够长时, 各处浓度逼近时间无限长时的最终值, 也就是各处的最大值, 内表面处的最大值是该处氚初始时刻浓度的2β 1 + β 2 / 2倍, 这里β 1 和β 2 为与氚的范德瓦尔斯常数相关的参数. 研究结果为储氚高压容器的强度安全性评估提供了前提. 相似文献
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Barış Kalaycıoğlu 《高压研究》2013,33(3):428-437
In this study, a Type III composite pressure vessel (ISO 11439:2000) loaded with high internal pressure is investigated in terms of the effect of the orientation of the element coordinate system while simulating the continuous variation of the fibre angle, the effect of symmetric and non-symmetric composite wall stacking sequences, and lastly, a stacking sequence evaluation for reducing the cylindrical section-end cap transition region stress concentration. The research was performed using an Ansys® model with 2.9 l volume, 6061 T6 aluminium liner/Kevlar® 49-Epoxy vessel material, and a service internal pressure loading of 22 MPa. The results show that symmetric stacking sequences give higher burst pressures by up to 15%. Stacking sequence evaluations provided a further 7% pressure-carrying capacity as well as reduced stress concentration in the transition region. Finally, the Type III vessel under consideration provides a 45% lighter construction as compared with an all metal (Type I) vessel. 相似文献
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���˴ϣ�Ƚ �죬������� �����α���� �� 《核聚变与等离子体物理》2018,38(2):192-198
参考ITER真空室制造规范,在常温下对中国聚变工程实验堆(CFETR)真空室壳体成型进行工艺预研。先根据成型经验公式计算出所研究壳体的成型模具尺寸范围,再利用有限元软件选择3组公式值附近的尺寸模拟了该成型工艺最佳模具尺寸参数,分析出最佳型面尺寸误差在±1.5mm内,并以此指导成型实验。测试了成型实验后工件减薄量、回弹量、变形率等参数,与模拟分析结果吻合度较高,验证了该成型模具设计的合理性。 相似文献
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We describe a novel method for skeletonization of gray-scale electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) fringe patterns. Our method is based on the gradient vector field (GVF). We propose a new partial differential equation model for calculating the GVF of ESPI fringe patterns. Further, we propose rules used to measure the possibility of each pixel on the skeleton based on the topological analysis of the GVF. The final skeletons are traced, which mimics the behavior of edge detection based on these rules. The proposed method works directly on the gray-scale images. 相似文献
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A model of cavitation bubbles is derived in liquid confined in an elastic sealed vessel driven by ultrasound. In this model, an assumption that the pressure acting on the sealed vessel due to bubble pulsations is proportional to total volume change of bubbles is made. Numerical simulations are carried out for a single bubble and for bubbles. The results show that the pulsation of a single bubble can be suppressed to a large extent in sealed vessel, and that of two matched bubbles with same ambient radius can be further suppressed. However, when two mismatched bubbles have the same ambient radii, an interesting breathing phenomenon takes place, where one bubble pulsates inversely with the other one. Due to this breathing phenomenon the suppression effect becomes weak, so the maximum radii of two mismatched bubbles can be larger than that of a single bubble or that of two matched bubbles in sealed vessel. Besides that, for two mismatched bubbles with different ambient radii, the small one in sealed vessel under some certain parameters can pulsate as strong as or even stronger than that of a single bubble in an open vessel. 相似文献
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采用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS),对枞阳境内出土西周至战国时期青铜器和汤家墩遗址出土炼渣中的铜颗粒进行微量元素原位无损分析,以探讨枞阳县境内出土青铜器的铜矿来源。结果表明,枞阳汤家墩遗址冶炼铜金属颗粒中的Co,As,Sb,Ag和Bi等元素含量较高,其微量元素特征不同于铜陵和铜绿山的冶炼金属铜;从西周至战国时期,枞阳青铜器所用铜矿来源比较稳定,主要来自汤家墩遗址周边的枞阳县境内,有少量器物的铜矿可能来自长江以南的铜陵地区;LA-ICP-MS可用于青铜器和古铜矿冶遗址炼渣中所夹杂铜颗粒的微量元素原位无损分析,从而为利用炼渣探讨古矿冶遗址冶炼金属产品的微量元素特征奠定了基础,对探讨三代青铜器的矿料来源研究具有重要的应用价值。 相似文献
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用方差定义的激光束横向尺寸,有着普适、简单和便于利用光学元件并行运算功能的特点.本文提出一种借助改变柱形容器内吸收液浓度来直接测量各种波长激光束横向尺寸的理论和方法. 相似文献