蔬菜中11种苯甲酰脲类农药残留的液相色谱-串联质谱法测定

建立了同时测定蔬菜中氯吡苯脲、除虫脲、灭幼脲、杀铃脲、氟铃脲、氟丙氧脲、氟苯脲、氟啶蜱脲、氟虫脲、丁醚脲、氟啶脲11种苯甲酰脲类农药残留的液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法.试样经乙腈提取,N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)和C18填料分散固相萃取净化,C18柱反相液相色谱分离,以甲醇-0.005 mol/L醋酸铵溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,电喷雾负离子模式离子化,多反应监测方式监测,三重四极杆质谱测定.结果表明:试样中添加10、20、50 μg/kg的11种苯甲酰脲类农药,回收率为69% ～109%,相对标准偏差小于16%(n=5).该方法操作简便、稳定性好、灵敏度高,检出限(LOD)为3 μg/kg,定量下限(LOQ)为10 μg/kg.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定猪肉中10种苯甲酰脲类杀虫剂

建立了猪肉中除虫脲、氟幼脲、杀铃脲、氟铃脲、氟酰脲、氟苯脲、虱螨脲、啶蜱脲、氟虫脲、氟啶脲10种苯甲酰脲类杀虫剂药物残留量测定的高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱方法。样品采用丙酮-正己烷提取,经中性氧化铝固相萃取柱净化,高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱仪多反应监测,外标法定量和质谱确证。10种苯甲酰脲类杀虫剂在5~200μg/L范围内响应与浓度的线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.9984;检测低限为5.0μg/kg;回收率范围为57.6%~110.0%,相对标准偏差在2.8%~12%(n=6)之间。方法满足国际上对苯甲酰脲类杀虫剂类药物最大残留限量的分析要求,已应于猪肉中苯甲酰脲类杀虫剂残留的检测。     

蔬菜中苯甲酰脲类药物残留的测定方法研究

建立了一步有机溶剂提取、HPLC分离、紫外检测器检测7种苯甲酰脲类药物(除虫脲、灭幼脲、杀铃脲、氟铃脲、氟苯脲、氟虫脲和氟啶脲)在蔬菜中残留量的方法。考察了不同提取溶剂(乙酸乙酯和乙腈)的提取效率;研究了不同C18固相萃取小柱、活性碳、自制弗罗里硅土柱和GPC对蔬菜样品的净化效果;实验了不同的梯度淋洗程序分离7种药物。通过对黄瓜、大白菜、西红柿和包心菜4种蔬菜的4种添加水平和4次重复性实验,建立了一种以乙腈为提取溶剂和以弗罗里硅土柱为净化柱的高效液相色谱法测定7种苯甲酰脲类药物。该方法线性范围为:0.02~1.5mg/L,7种苯甲酰脲类药物的相关系数均大于0.999,其检出限为0.02~0.05mg/kg(S/N=10);在0.05~1.0mg/kg之间的添加回收率为80%~120%;相对标准偏差小于15%。方法完全符合残留分析的要求。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水果中7种苯甲酰脲类杀虫药的残留量

提出了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水果中7种苯甲酰脲类杀虫药(除虫脲、灭幼脲、杀铃脲、氟铃脲、氟苯脲、氟虫脲和氟啶脲)残留量的方法。该方法采用多反应监测(MRM)负离子扫描模式,可一次对水果中7种苯甲酰脲类杀虫药进行准确的定性和定量分析;样品用石油醚提取,提取液经分取、水浴45℃氮气吹干、溶解后进行分析。除虫脲、灭幼脲、杀铃脲、氟虫脲和氟啶脲的测定下限(10S/N)为2μg.kg-1,氟铃脲和氟苯脲测定下限(10S/N)为0.5μg.kg-1。7种苯甲酰脲类杀虫药在100μg.kg-1以内呈线性。方法在3个水平的加标回收率在83.8%~94.4%之间,日内相对标准偏差在3.12%~7.43%之间,日间相对标准偏差在3.96%~7.63%之间。     

果蔬中8种苯甲酰脲类农药残留量的液相色谱-串联质谱法测定

建立了果汁蔬菜中8种苯甲酰脲类(杀虫脲、氟苯脲、氟虫脲、氟啶脲、除虫脲、氟铃脲、灭幼脲、氟丙氧脲)农药残留量的液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(LC-ESI MS/MS)测定方法。样品用乙腈提取后无需净化,经盐析过滤并以水稀释(1∶1)后,经Waters Atlantis(d C18色谱柱分离,5 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液和乙腈梯度洗脱,以电喷雾电离串联质谱在负离子多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行测定并确证,外标法定量。8种苯甲酰脲类农药在1.0~100μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.990 0~0.999 9。对8种农药在毛豆基质中3个添加水平下的回收率进行测定,平均回收率为92%~110%,相对标准偏差为5.5%~12%。方法的检出限(S/N=3)为0.04~0.42μg/kg,定量下限(S/N=10)为0.2~1.5μg/kg。     

Fe3O4/g-C3N4磁性固相萃取湖水中的3种苯甲酰脲杀虫剂

建立了Fe3O4/g-C3N4磁性固相萃取,结合高效液相色谱-可变波长紫外检测,用于测定湖水中3种苯甲酰脲杀虫剂的新方法.实验考察了溶液pH、离子强度、吸附剂用量、吸附时间、洗脱溶剂种类和体积对3种目标物回收率的影响.在最优实验条件下,氟铃脲和虱螨脲在0.50～500 ng/mL(r≥0.9997)、氟啶脲在0.20～...     

基质固相分散-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测蔬菜中残留的苯甲酰脲类和双酰肼类杀虫剂

建立了基质固相分散技术结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)测定蔬菜中苯甲酰脲类杀虫剂(除虫脲、灭幼脲、杀铃脲、氟苯脲、氟虫脲、氟啶脲、氟铃脲)和双酰肼类杀虫剂(甲氧虫酰肼、虫酰肼)的方法。蔬菜样品经中性氧化铝和石墨化炭黑研磨,乙酸乙酯淋洗,洗脱液浓缩定容后,经超高效液相色谱分离,分别在正、负离子多反应监测(MRM)模式下用电喷雾电离串联质谱测定,外标法定量。结果表明,9种杀虫剂在1～100 μg/L质量浓度范围内有良好的线性关系(R2≥0.99);在1、5、10、100 μg/kg 4个加标水平上的回收率为78.5%～112.8%;相对标准偏差为2.3%～10.2%,检出限为0.5～1.0 μg/kg。该方法操作简便快速,样品和溶剂用量少,检出限低,可满足蔬菜中苯甲酰脲类和双酰肼类杀虫剂同时检测的要求。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定大豆与玉米中的苯甲酰脲类农药残留

建立了大豆和玉米中苯甲酰脲类农药的反相高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱(LC-ESIMS/MS)检测方法。样品经含0.1%乙酸的乙腈提取、浓缩,阳离子固相萃取柱净化,液相色谱串联质谱测定。9种苯甲酰脲类农药在5.0～200μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r20.995)。在大豆和玉米基质中的检出限均为3.0μg/kg,定量下限均为10.0μg/kg。在10.0、20.0、50.0μg/kg 3个加标水平下,9种苯甲酰脲类农药的回收率为46%～92%,精密度(RSD)小于14%。方法准确、灵敏、简单,适用于大豆和玉米中9种苯甲酰脲类农药残留的同时测定。     

QuEChERS前处理联合UPLC–MS/MS法检测花生中22种农药残留

建立了Qu ECh ERS(Quick,Easy,Cheap,Effective,Rugged,Safe)前处理联合UPLC–MS/MS法检测花生中22种农药残留的方法。样品用10 m L乙腈提取,以多壁碳纳米管、N-丙基乙二胺为吸附剂,对2 m L提取液进行净化,净化液稀释至2倍体积,以MRM扫描方式、正负离子模式同时分析。22种农药在10,20,50μg/kg 3个添加水平下,平均回收率为70.6%~121.2%,相对标准偏差小于10%(n=6);多菌灵、抗蚜威、扑草净在0.05~10μg/L,啶虫脒、氟虫腈砜、苯醚甲环唑、哒螨灵、嘧霉胺、嘧菌酯在0.5~20μg/L,烯酰吗啉、噻虫嗪、氟啶脲、灭幼脲、吡虫啉、甲维盐、除虫脲、氟虫腈、氟甲腈、氟虫腈亚砜、咪鲜胺、二甲戊灵在0.5~50μg/L之间,阿维菌素在0.5~100μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数r2均大于0.995 0。22种农药的定量限在2μg/kg以下,远低于各待测农药最高残留限量标准(MRL)。该法适于花生中农药残留的同时快速检测。     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定果蔬中6种酰胺类农药残留量

建立了同时测定果蔬中6种酰胺类农药的固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(SPE-UPLC-MS/MS)方法。样品经乙腈高速匀浆提取、Florisil固相萃取柱净化,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定6种农药。质谱分析采用电喷雾电离,正负双离子扫描,多反应监测(MRM)模式。结果表明:6种农药在0.0005~1.00 mg/L范围内均呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999;在0.01、0.1和1.0 mg/kg(氟苯虫酰胺为0.001、0.01和0.1 mg/kg) 3个浓度添加水平下的平均回收率为72.4%~119.4%,相对标准偏差(n=5)小于15%;定量限为0.01 mg/kg(溴氰虫酰胺、双炔酰菌胺、啶酰菌胺、氟吡菌胺和噻呋酰胺)和0.001 mg/kg(氟苯虫酰胺)。该方法简单、快速、重现性好、灵敏度高,可满足果蔬中6种酰胺类农药残留检测的要求。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.