塔里木塔河原油中钒卟啉的分离和鉴定

石油卟啉的存在是石油有机成因说的重要证据之一，并且根据石油卟啉的类型和分布可以推测石油的沉积环境及成熟程度。另一方面，石油中的卟啉主要是镍卟啉和钒卟啉，镍和钒是石油加工过程中裂化催化剂失活的主要原因，对石油卟啉的认识将有助于脱金属工艺的开发，从而降低镍和钒对加工过程的不利影响。     

通过硼氢化-原位再结晶提高二异松莰烷基硼烷光学纯度的简便方法

本文叙述了由国产低光学纯(43.6%e e)(-)-α-蒎烯通过硼氢化-原位再结晶, 制备高光学纯(97.2%ee)(+)-二异松茨烷基硼烷(diisopinocampheylborane, Ipc2BH)的简便新方法。     

辽河减压渣油中卟啉的分离和分析

采用溶剂萃取－紫外可见吸收光谱法对辽河减压渣油中的卟啉进行了分离和鉴定,结果指出,乙腈能有效地将镍卟啉从辽河减压渣油中萃取分离出来,对卟啉组分进行甲烷磺酸脱金属,所得游离卟啉在可光区4个吸收峰的强度特征,表明辽河减压渣油中的卟啉以初卟啉（ETIO）为主。     

人参茎叶挥发油中含氧化合物的分离与结构鉴定

组成鉴定;人参茎叶挥发油中含氧化合物的分离与结构鉴定     

小红参中蒽醌苷的分离和鉴定

云南普米族常用活血药茜草科小红参(Rubia yunnanensis)的根部水溶性部分曾用于治疗心绞痛。王淑仙等发现,它对小鼠能明     

渗透气化法分离水-乙醇混合物——选择溶解与渗透气化的关系

本文对热交联,氢氧化钠交联及辐射交联聚乙烯醇膜的溶胀行为进行了研究。整个选择性渗透过程被分解成选择溶解和选择扩散两部分。本文定义了选择溶解因子和选择扩散因子,用以评价上述两部分各自对渗透气化过程的贡献。     

千里光中几种黄酮和酚酸类成分的分离与鉴定

对千里光(Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham.)全草的乙酸乙酯提取部位进一步分离,得到4个黄酮类化合物和2个酚酸类化合物,经理化性质和NMR及MS谱学数据鉴定分别为槲皮素3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（Ⅰ）、金丝桃苷（Ⅱ）、槲皮素（Ⅴ）、异鼠李素（Ⅵ）、绿原酸（Ⅲ）和咖啡酸（Ⅳ）。 其中化合物Ⅰ~Ⅵ均为首次从千里光属植物中分离鉴定。     

钳蝎毒中抗癫痫肽、镇痛肽和抗肿瘤肽的快速同时分离和鉴定

采用Shim-Pack WCX-1型阳离子交换高压色谱柱对中国东亚钳蝎全蝎毒进行了分离，在鉴定了其中的抗癫痫肽、镇痛肽和抗肿瘤肽活性峰的基础上，应用Shim-Pack DIOL-300型凝胶排阻高压色谱柱对它们进行了进一步分离和鉴定，可以得到较纯的3种多肽。在高压色谱所提供的全蝎毒分离信息的基础上，应用与Shim-Pack WCX-1色谱柱具有相同交换基团的、具有较大吸附容量的CM Sepharose CL-6B软胶介质在低压色谱上对全蝎毒进行了分离，并分别对其中的抗癫痫肽、镇痛肽和抗肿瘤肽进行了鉴定。     

莽吉柿中几种双苯吡酮和蒽醌类成分的分离与鉴定

对莽吉柿(Pericarpium Garciniae Mangostanae)85%乙醇提取物进一步分离,得到8个双苯吡酮类化合物和1个蒽酮类化合物,经理化性质和NMR及MS谱学数据鉴定分别为α-倒捻子素-3,6-二乙酸酯（α-mangostin-3,6-diyl diacetate,Ⅰ）、1,5,8-三羟基-3-甲氧基-2,4-双-（3-甲基丁-2-烯）双苯吡酮（8-hydroxycudraxanthone G,Ⅱ）、1,3-二羟基-6,7-二甲氧基-2,8-双-（3-甲基丁-2-烯基）双苯吡酮（Cowaxanthone B,Ⅲ）、1,6-二羟基-3,5-二甲氧基-2-（3-甲基丁-2-烯基）双苯吡酮（Cowaxanthone A,Ⅳ）、1,5-二羟基-4-（3-甲基丁-2-烯基）-6′,6′-二甲基吡喃[2′,3′:3,2]双苯吡酮（trapezifolixanthone,Ⅴ）、1,6-二羟基-6′,6′-二甲基吡喃[2′,3′:7,8]-6″,6″-二甲基吡喃[2″,3″:3,2-]双苯吡酮（brasilixanthone B,Ⅵ）、1,3,5-三羟基-2-（3-甲基丁-2-烯）-4-（1,1-二甲基-2-烯丙基）双苯吡酮（Allanxanthone A,Ⅶ）、1,3,8-三羟基-5-甲氧基-2,4-双-（3-甲基丁-2-烯）双苯吡酮(2,4-di-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-1,3,8-trihydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone,Ⅷ)、1,4,8-三羟基-6-甲基-3-甲氧基-9,10-蒽酮(1,4,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-3-methoxy- 9,10-anthraquinone, Ⅸ）。 其中化合物Ⅰ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅸ为首次从藤黄属植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅷ为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

推荐一个与生命科学有关的综合化学实验——牛奶中酪蛋白和乳糖的分离与鉴定

通过调节牛奶的pH分离出酪蛋白和乳糖,并采用醋酸纤维薄膜电泳、颜色反应、TLC和旋光性测定等方法鉴定酪蛋白和乳糖。使学生掌握分离纯化生物大分子物质的一些方法和手段,为参加生命科学研究打下基础。     

Identification and Structures of Two Main Unknown Components in the By-product from the Hydration Synthesis of Camphor

Two main unknown components in the by-product of camphor hydration synthesis were separated and identified by fine fractional distillation and spectroscopic analyses. The components with different ratios of unknown components A and B were collected by the further distillation. The combined spectral results of GC, MS,GC-MS and 13C NMR of the collected samples revealed that A is exo-2, 2, 3-trimethylbicyclo[2, 2, 1 ]heptane, and B is endo-2, 2, 3-trimethylbicyclo[2, 2, 1 ]heptane.     

Isolation and Characterization of an Antinicrobial Polypeptide from Loach

A novel antimicrobial polypeptidc was isolated and charaeterized from loach,Misgurmis anguillieaudatus, The polypcptide, named MAPP, is a single-chain polypcptide with Mw about 9,800 Dalton and p1 about 4.78; the N-tag ofMAPP was CFGWN. MAPP showed good inhibition against various bacteria including Bacillus subtilis, Eseherichia coli and Staphylococcus aurens. MAPP could be used as a lead compound in antibiotics drug discovery.     

Isolation and Characterization of an Antimicrobial Polypeptide from Loach

Hydrobionts formed their special defense systems during evolution. One such system is that of non-specific immunity which comprises a wide variety of peptides with potent antimicrobial activities1. The mechanism of action of most antimicrobial peptides was reported as that a few peptide molecules formed a channel on cell membrane, and the cell was then died of the outflowing of cellular contents. The above mechanism was different from that of antibiotics2, 3. It is a promising area to disc…     

黄花菜中黄酮的超声波提取、纯化及鉴定

用正交实验法对黄花菜中黄酮的超声波提取工艺中的超声功率、样品细度、固液比例、提取时间4个因素进行了研究,优选出简便可靠的黄酮提取工艺。其最佳提取工艺条件是:黄花菜过60目筛后,超声波功率为高档,固液比为1:10,提取为20 min。通过红外光谱、紫外光谱、色谱分析可以确定黄花菜中的黄酮是黄酮醇类黄酮。     

Determination of Camphor and Borneol in Traditional Chinese Medicines by Microwave-assisted Extraction and Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector

Abstract

In this work, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) followed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC–FID) was developed for the rapid determination of camphor and borneol in three traditional Chinese medicines (TCM): Chrysanthemi indici, Flos Chrysanthemi indici and Amomum villosum lour. The optimal MAE conditions obtained were: acetone for solvent, with solvent having sample ratio of 12:1 (v/w); microwave power of 380 W, and an irradiation time of 4 min. Method validations were also studied. To demonstrate the proposed method, ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) and steam distillation (SD), followed by GC-FID, were used to analyze camphor and borneol in thethree TCMs. The close results were obtained by the three methods. The results showed that the proposed MAE–GC–FID is a simple, rapid, and reliable method for quantitative analysis of camphor and borneol in TCM, and is also a potential tool for TCM quality assessment.     

Extraction of Camphor Tree Essential Oil by Steam Distillation and Supercritical CO2 Extraction

The essential oil extracted from Cinnamomum camphora leaves is a mixture of volatile compounds, mainly terpenes, and is widely used in medicine, perfume and chemical industries. In this study, the extraction processes of essential oil from Cinnamomum camphora leaves by steam distillation and supercritical CO₂ extraction were summarized and compared, and the camphor tree essential oil was detected by GC/MS. The extraction rate of essential oil extracted by steam distillation is less than 0.5%, while that of supercritical CO₂ extraction is 4.63% at 25 MPa, 45 °C and 2.5 h. GC/MS identified 21 and 42 compounds, respectively. The content of alcohols in the essential oil is more than 35%, and that of terpenoids is more than 80%. The steam extraction method can extract volatile substances with a low boiling point and more esters and epoxides; The supercritical method is suitable for extracting weak polar substances with a high alcohol content. Supercritical CO₂ extraction can selectively extract essential oil components and effectively prevent oxidation and the escape of heat sensitive substances.     

Isolation and identification of nondestructive desulfurization bacterium

A nondestructive desulfurization microorganism has been isolated. The metabolism product analyses show that the strain can be a kind of biocatalyst to oxidize dibenzothiophene (DBT) into 2-hydroxydiphenyl (HBP), therefore the sulfur in DBT is removed selectively. The 16SrRNA information, cell wall analysis, physical, biochemical properties and morphological properties suggest that the isolated strain is Rhodococcus erythropolis. The strain can grow in the basal salts medium (BSM) that DBT concentration is no more than 10 mmol/L, and the optimal DBT concentration for growth is 1 mmol/L, however, the optimal DBT concentration for desulfurization is 0.5 mmol/L. The further research shows that the strain can also desulfur some other or-ganosulfur-containing compounds such as thianaphthene, phenyl sulfide and 4,6-dimethyldiben-zothiophene (4,6-DMDBT).     

Preparation and Characterization of Super-paramagnetic Nano-beads for DNA Isolation

Unique coupling reagent, bis-(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) phosphate was used to prepare coated and functionalized superparamagnetic nanobeads, leading to a simple, effective method for coating the nanobeads. With this method, the thickness of the coating layer and the functional group contents on the nano-beads could be controlled by changing the quantity of the coated monomers. The nanobeads were characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The carboxyl-modified magnetic nano-beads were employed to streamline the protocol of isolation of genomic DNA from the human whole blood.