硫杂蒽酮类光产碱剂的合成及其光化学性能研究

以硫代水杨酸和苯硫乙酸为原料,通过两步法成功合成了一种新型的单组分硫杂蒽酮类光产碱剂。利用核磁氢谱、核磁碳谱和高分辨率质谱对光产碱的结构进行了表征,通过稳态光解及电子自旋共振波谱等对光解产物进行了系统研究。该光产碱剂在400nm附近有较强的吸收,可有效引发巯基-环氧光聚合,其引发活性优于文献报道的高效光产碱体系。     

基于光致脱羧的单组分可见光引发剂的合成及其光化学性能研究

单组分可见光引发剂是光固化材料研发中的重要内容。本文设计并合成了一种新型的单组分可见光引发剂——2-硫杂蒽酮乙酸四苯基磷酸盐(TXP),该引发剂以硫杂蒽酮为生色团,通过光致脱羧反应产生活性自由基,进而引发聚合反应。利用核磁和高分辨率质谱对TXP的结构进行了表征;通过光解及电子自旋共振捕获等方法研究了其光致脱羧反应。光聚合动力学研究表明:在可见光源照射下,这种单组分光引发剂能高效引发巯基-烯类单体的聚合反应,具有一定的应用的前景。     

含硫杂蒽酮类光引发剂的聚合体系的光固化研究

首次应用N121型紫外光固化测试仪研究以硫杂蒽酮为光引发剂的光聚合体系的光固化性能。为测定以硫杂蒽酮为光引发剂的光聚合体系的光聚合速度提供了新的方法,同时讨论了光源的发射波长与光引发剂的吸收波长之间的关系。     

硫酸法合成感光树脂光引发剂——硫杂蒽酮及其衍生物

感光性树脂在光致抗蚀材料,光固化涂料、油墨、胶粘剂、封装材料及印刷制板等方面有广泛用途。在光聚合交联感光性树脂中光引发剂为必不可少的组成,它直接影响材料的性能。硫杂蒽酮光引发剂在国外已大量采用。优点为引发速率快,深度固化性能好,氧阻小。国内有关硫杂蒽酮及其衍生物的合成、性能及应用方面的报导尚属鲜见,我们采     

硫杂蒽酮类光引发剂的电子自旋共振研究

本文采用ESR手段对五种硫杂蒽酮类光引发剂2-甲基硫杂蒽酮(MTX)2,4-二甲基硫杂蒽酮(DMTX)、1,2,4-三甲基硫杂蒽酮(TMTX)、2-甲氧基硫杂蒽酮(MOTX),2-戊氧基硫杂蒽酮(AOTX)和三乙胺引发体系进行了研究,提出了该类光引发剂和三乙胺暗反应的机理。     

吩噻嗪席夫碱可见光引发剂的合成与性能

利用吩噻嗪衍生物的供电子能力及紫外吸收强的特点, 通过引入推-拉电子结构, 设计并合成了4种D-π-A型吩噻嗪席夫碱类可见光引发剂, 并利用核磁共振氢谱和高分辨质谱表征了其结构. 该系列光引发剂在350~450 nm范围内具有摩尔消光系数达10⁴ L·mol^-1·cm^-1的较强吸收, 与商品化Ⅱ型可见光引发剂硫杂蒽酮（ITX）相比, 其与405 nm LED光源具有更好的匹配性, 与碘鎓盐（Iod）组成的复合光引发体系也具有更高的引发效率和交联基团转化率. 通过光解、 电子自旋共振波谱和循环伏安（CV）实验证明了吩噻嗪席夫碱可见光引发剂与Iod复合光引发体系的光致电子转移（PET）机理. 最后, 利用吩噻嗪席夫碱可见光引发剂/碘鎓盐复合引发体系, 实现了光致发光器件的数字光处理（DLP）3D打印.     

油溶和水溶性羰基引发剂的光化学

本文回顾了在羰基引发剂的作用下烯烃单体光引发聚合的最新机理。报道了有关多种当前通用的新型羰基引发剂的光物理和光化学的近期工作,其中包括 UV 吸收,发光光谱和闪光光解的研究。还报道了油溶性引发剂对丙烯酸丁酯的光聚合效应。证明油溶性引发剂实质上是经过三重态来起作用,其中包含一个从溶剂中攫取氢的引发步骤。对于硫杂蒽酮衍生物来说,它们从叔胺接受电子的能力及其光聚合效应之间有一定的关系。从闪光光解获得的证据说明在这种情况下存在着自由基阴离子,但是基于二苯酮和苯基酮的引发剂则没有。预料后者直接从胺攫氢是通过三重态羰基或是引发剂的自由基。有证据表明联苯甲酰主要是通过光裂解来起作用。水溶性硫杂蒽酮引发剂的作用主要是经过单重态,其中包含引发时攫氢一步。在这种情况下,自由基的形成不受氧的影响。     

哌嗪-苯胺二环氧系感光性高分子的研究 Ⅰ.合成及其感光性

用哌嗪和N,N-二环氧丙基苯胺(苯胺二环氧)通过线型加成聚合反应,得到一种新型高分子。这种高分子与有机多卤化物所组成的感光体系,在近紫外光(300—400nm)的照射下,发色的同时交联固化。最低固化光量为78mJ·cm^-2。发色吸收峰初始为660nm,随曝光量增大,吸收增大,峰值向650nm俯移。所得蓝绿色图像可用稀酸显影。硫杂蒽酮类化合物是这些体系很有效的增感剂。     

硫鎓盐产酸剂的合成及其产酸效率

合成了6种适用于248 nm光致抗蚀剂的硫鎓盐产酸剂,其中吩噻(噁)体系的产酸剂为自行设计合成. 利用IR、H NMR、UV等测试技术进行了结构表征和紫外吸收测定,各化合物的最大紫外吸收在250～285 nm之间,吸收域较宽,适用性较强.同时,利用酸敏染料罗丹明B遇酸异构变色的特点,使用紫外!可见分光光度计定量检测了6种产酸剂在乙腈溶剂中的产酸效率,其中硫杂蒽酮系列的产酸剂产酸性能最好. 最后使用荧光追踪法研究了溶剂极性对产酸效率的影响,发现产酸剂的产酸性能同溶剂的选取密切相关,随着溶剂极性的减小,产酸效率随之降低. 对6种硫鎓盐的产酸效率检测结果可以为产酸剂进一步用于248 nm光致抗蚀剂配方提供详细的参考.     

吩噻嗪-荧光蛋白生色团类似物的合成、S原子促进的光动力治疗及双光子荧光成像

绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)生色团由于良好的生物相容性、低暗毒性和光稳定性而备受关注,然而,将GFP生色团用于光动力治疗鲜有报道.以N-丁基吩噻嗪-3-甲醛、甘氨酸叔丁酯盐酸盐和亚胺酯为原料,通过[2+3]环加成反应合成了一种吩噻嗪荧光蛋白生色团类新型光敏剂(Ptz-FP), Ptz-FP是一种不含重原子、由S原子促进的具有优异单线态氧产生效果的光敏剂,可用于光动力治疗.在二甲基亚砜(DMSO)溶液中,Ptz-FP光敏剂的吸收波长位于436nm,此处的摩尔消光系数为1.4×104 L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),发射波长在626 nm, Stokes位移高达190 nm,荧光量子产率为1.5%.以Ru(bpy)3Cl2为参比,测得光敏剂Ptz-FP在甲醇溶液中单线态氧产率为33.1%.通过噻唑蓝(MTT)法测试了光敏剂Ptz-FP的暗毒性和光毒性,结果表明其具有较低的细胞毒性(≥89.9%)和较高的光毒性,能在30 min内杀死50%以上的A-549细胞.此外,通过活性氧检测试剂盒DCFH-DA在15 min内成功检测到A-549细胞中活性氧的产生,并由AO/EB活死细胞染色剂监测到A-549细胞凋亡过程.最后,光敏剂Ptz-FP成功应用于双光子荧光成像.光敏剂Ptz-FP有望为今后荧光成像指导的荧光蛋白生色团类光敏剂的开发奠定基础.     

季铵盐光产碱剂的光物理与光化学性能

季铵盐光产碱剂的光物理与光化学性能;季铵盐;四苯硼盐;光产碱剂;光物理;光化学     

Bicyclic guanidinium tetraphenylborate: a photobase generator and a photocatalyst for living anionic ring-opening polymerization and cross-linking of polymeric materials containing ester and hydroxy groups

1,5,7-Triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) with pKa of 26.03 in acetonitrile can be effectively released by photolysis of TBD.HBPh4 salt, which represents a new family of short-wave UV photobase generators. This photobase generator enables the photoinduced living ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters and the photoinduced cross-linking of various polymeric materials containing the hydroxyl-ester groups.     

Photochemical Processes of Superbase Generation in Xanthone Carboxylic Salts

Photobase generators are species that allow the photocatalysis of various reactions, such as thiol-Michael, thiol-isocyanate, and ring-opening polymerization reactions. However, existing compounds have complex syntheses and low quantum yields. To overcome these problems, photobase generators based on the photodecarboxylation reaction were developed. We synthesized and studied the photochemistry and photophysics of two xanthone photobase, their carboxylic acid precursors, and their photoproducts to understand the photobase generation mechanism. We determined accurate quantum yields of triplet states and photobase generation. The effect of the intermediate radical preceding the base release was demonstrated. We characterized the photophysics of the photobase by femtosecond spectroscopy and showed that the photodecarboxylation process occurred from the second excited triplet state with a rate constant of 2.2×10⁹ s⁻¹.     

UV/Vis-LED激发的香豆素吡啶鎓盐光引发剂的合成及性能

设计合成了3种基于香豆素骨架的紫外-可见发光二极管(UV/Vis-LED)可激发的新型吡啶鎓盐光引发剂, 并研究了这3种香豆素吡啶鎓盐的构效关系及其作为单组分自由基光引发剂在丙烯酸酯体系中的光引发活性. 紫外-可见吸收光谱分析表明, 这3种香豆素吡啶鎓盐在300~400 nm区域有较强吸收. 在LED@365 nm和LED@405 nm光源辐照下, 研究了3种光引发剂的稳态光解和光聚合动力学. 研究表明, 这3种香豆素吡啶鎓盐光引发剂在相应光辐照下都具有较好的光解速率. 此外, 3种光引发剂对丙烯酸酯都具有较好的引发活性. 构效关系研究表明, 吡啶环4号位引入推电子的甲氧基会使其引发丙烯酸酯单体聚合的活性降低; 而引入吸电子的乙酰基会使其引发丙烯酸酯单体聚合的活性增加. 差示扫描量热(DSC)实验表明, 此类吡啶鎓盐光引发剂具有较好的热稳定性. 当3种光引发剂与丙烯酸单体混合时可提升体系的热稳定性; 通过电子自旋共振(ESR)证明了活性物种的产生, 并对该类引发剂的引发机理进行了探讨.     

Photophysical properties of octupolar chromophore based on triazine core and fluorene divinylene conjugated bridge

A novel octupolar chromophore with 1,3,5-triazine as core,2,7-divinylene-9,9-dimethylfluorene as extendedπ-conjugated bridge,triarylamine as the electron-donating end-groups was successfully synthesized and characterized.Their linear photophysical and two-photon absorption(TPA) properties were investigated by UV absorption,excited fluorescence(SPEF) spectra and nonlinear transmission method,respectively.The absorption cut-off of the chromophore is below 520 nm and it has stronger fluorescence emission in a nonpolar solvent.In addition,the chromophore exhibits larger TPA cross-section(226.0 GM) in the femtosecond regime at 800 nm.     

Facile synthesis, structure, and luminescence properties of Pt(diimine)bis(arylacetylide) chromophore-donor dyads

The luminescent complex Pt(dpphen)bis(arylacetylide) complex (1) (dpphen = 4,7-diphenylphenanthroline and arylacetylide = 4-ethynylbenzaldehyde) has been synthesized and characterized structurally and spectroscopically. Complex 1 has been employed in the synthesis of donor-chromophore (D-C) dyads through Schiff base condensations of different anilines to give imine-linked dyads 2-4 and through imine reduction with borohydride, to give the corresponding amine-linked dyads 2a-4a. Crystal structure determinations of 1-4 and 4a establish a distorted square-planar geometry around the Pt(II) ion in each system with cis arylacetylide ligands and a diimine-constrained N-Pt-N bond angle of ca. 79.5 degrees. Complex 1 is strongly emissive having a relative quantum yield (phi) of 36% and an excited-state lifetime of 3.1 micros. In accord with the notion of photoinduced electron transfer from the aniline-based donor to the photoexcited chromophore, the emission of dyads 2-4 and 2a-4a is effectively quenched in all solvents tested. The intense absorption at 400 nm (30000-70000 L/mol.cm) for 2 and 2a has been assigned as an intraligand pi-pi* transition, whereas the lowest-energy transitions for all other dyads correspond to Pt-to-pi(diimine) MLCT transitions. Although the dyads can be synthesized in a facile manner, photolysis experiments reveal that both the imine and amine linkages are photochemically unstable, resulting in hydrolysis and regeneration of the aldehyde-containing chromophore 1.     

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer in a novel two-photon absorbing system

A novel fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) system containing a two-photon absorbing dye and a nile red chromophore has been synthesized. Upon two-photon excitation by laser at 815 nm this molecule displays efficient energy transfer from the two-photon absorbing dye to the nile red moiety, with an 8-fold increase in emission compared to the model compound. Similarly, single-photon excitation of the two-photon absorbing moiety at 405 nm results in >99% energy-transfer efficiency, along with a 3.4-fold increase in nile red emission compared to direct excitation of the nile red chromophore at 540 nm. This system provides an effective way to use IR radiation to excite molecules that, by themselves, have little or no two-photon absorption.     

Step‐growth thiol–thiol photopolymerization as radiation curing technology

This report introduces a novel UV‐curing technology based on thiol–thiol coupling for polydisulfide network formation. Beginning with a model tris(3‐mercaptopropionate) trithiol monomer and xanthone propionic acid‐protected guanidine as photobase generator, a comprehensive characterization based on spectroscopic techniques supports the reaction of thiols into disulfides without side reactions. The best experimental conditions are described as regards to film thickness, irradiance, emission wavelength, and atmosphere composition. The results shed light on a step‐growth photopolymerization mechanism involving two steps: first, the formation of thiyl radicals by thiolate air oxidation or/and thiol photolysis, and second, their recombination into disulfide. By varying thiol functionality and structure, oligomer chain length and monomer/oligomer ratio, the network architecture can be finely tuned. The molecular mobility of the polydisulfide network is crucial to high thiol conversion rates and yields as revealed by ¹H T₂ NMR relaxation measurements. Ultimately, spatial control enables the formation of a photopatterned poly(disulfide) film, used as next‐generation high refractive index photoresist. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017 , 55, 117–128.     

h-线敏感光致产碱剂PNCDP的合成与表征

设计并合成了一种对高压汞灯发射光谱中的h-线(405 nm)敏感的新型光致产碱剂(PBG)——N-{[(5-哌啶-2-硝基苄基)氧]-羰基}-2,6-二甲基哌啶(PNCDP).通过红外(IR)、核磁(NMR)以及元素分析对PNCDP的结构进行了表征.紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)测试结果表明,与传统的i-线(365 nm)敏感PBG——N-{[(4,5-二甲氧基-2-硝基苄基)氧]-羰基}-2,6-二甲基哌啶(DNCDP)相比,PNCDP的最大紫外吸收波长为395.5 nm,较DNCDP红移了52.5 nm.初步光刻实验表明,PNCDP对h-线具有较好的敏感度.