应用波长色散X荧光仪和多晶X射线衍射仪联用技术 鉴定进口铜矿和含铜物料

本文首次研究进口可利用含铜物料与进口铜矿属性的不同特性并建立鉴定方法,采用X荧光光谱法和X射线衍射光谱法联用技术建立铜矿和含铜物料属性的鉴别方法。通过X荧光光谱法对铜矿和含铜物料中元素进行定性半定量分析,再用X射线衍射光谱法对铜矿和含铜物料的特征谱峰进行扫描,与X衍射仪中标准卡片比对分析,能够确定铜矿和含铜物料的物相组成。结果显示：X荧光光谱法铜矿和含铜物料的共同特点铜的含量较高,达到冶炼铜对原料的要求,硅、铁、钠、钙和镁元素都能够检出。差异性在铅和锌元素在含铜物料中较高,在铜矿石中基本未检出;在X荧光光谱法检测出的金属元素,通过X衍射仪扫描后与标准图片比对,各元素以不同的形式存在于含铜物料中,且有规律可循。     

EPR analysis of copper particles in aqueous systems

Experimental and theoretical EPR spectra of nanodispersed copper synthesized by the reduction of copper dichloride in aqueous solutions, thin films of electrolytic copper, and copper ions are analyzed. It is established that the reduction of copper dichloride in an aqueous solution in the presence of a surfactant yields copper nanoparticles. The EPR spectra are shown to be sensitive to the oxidation of copper nanoparticles in both an aqueous medium and in thin copper films prepared by electrolytic deposition.     

Kinetics of the dissolution of copper metal in aqueous solutions containing unsaturated organic ligands and copper(II)

The kinetics of the dissolution of copper metal in an aqueous solution containing copper(II) and an unsaturated organic ligand was followed by using an automated flow-injection analysis technique to determine the concentration of copper(I) in solution as a function of time. The results suggest that the rate of dissolution of the copper metal is dependent on electron transfer between the copper(II) and copper atoms on the surface of the copper metal, and on the stabilization of copper(I) by the unsaturated organic ligand in solution.     

Molten and solidification properties of copper nanoparticles

The melting and solidifying processes are carried out using molecular dynamics simulations. The influencing mechanism of the simulation size and the crystal configuration after solidification on the molten and the solidification properties is explored. The results demonstrate that the crystal structure of solidified copper nanoparticle is sensitive to the size of the copper nanocubes. Polycrystalline appears in the solidified copper nanoparticle for the relatively larger copper cubes; correspondingly, the grain boundaries give rise to the increase of the average atomic energy. Whereas for the relatively small copper cubes, the solidified copper nanoparticles mainly present monocrystalline structure. Moreover, the relationship between the internal pressure of the liquid copper droplets and the droplet diameter is studied to clarify the surface tension property at nanoscale. It is found that the internal pressure of the liquid copper droplets is logarithmically linearly dependent on the diameter of the copper droplets, implying that the surface tension of the liquid copper is not sensitive to the diameter of the liquid copper droplets. The present findings will be helpful to the preparation of the copper nanoparticle‐based thin ribbon. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

铜源对Cu-SAPO-34氨催化还原NO性能的影响

采用离子交换法制备3种不同铜前驱体的Cu-SAPO-34分子筛催化剂,考察铜源对催化剂氨催化还原NO_x性能的影响,同时通过ICP、XRD、BET、H_2-TPR、XPS、NH_3-TPD等表征技术进行分析.活性结果表明,不同铜源制备的Cu-SAPO-34分子筛催化剂的NH_3-SCR高温活性基本相同,但中低温活性有较大差别.3种催化剂的中低温活性顺序为Cu(醋酸铜)-SAPO-34Cu(硫酸铜)-SAPO-34Cu(硝酸铜)-SAPO-34,以醋酸铜为铜源制备的催化剂中低温活性最高,在209℃NO_x转化率达85.2%.表征结果表明,不同铜源导致所制备催化剂的铜物种形式和数量及酸性强度不同,以醋酸铜为铜源制备的Cu-SAPO-34催化剂的Cu~(2+)起始还原温度最低,Cu~(2+)含量较多,酸性最强,因此其中低温活性最好.     

Continuous biotreatment of copper-concentrated solutions by biosorption with Sargassum sp.

Seaweed Sargassum sp. biomass proved to be useful for the recovery of ionic copper from highly concentrated solutions simulating effluents from semiconductor production. In the case of solutions containing copper in the form of chloride, sulfate, and nitrate salts, the best pH for the recovery of copper was 4.5. It was observed that copper biosorption from copper nitrate solutions was higher than the recovery of copper from copper chloride or copper sulfate solutions. The continuous system used was constituted of four column reactors filled with the biomass of Sargassum sp. and showed high operational stability. The biomass of Sargassum sp. in the reactors was gradually saturated from the bottom to the top of each column reactor. The biomass of Sargassum sp. in the first column saturated first, followed by a gradual saturation of the remaining columns owing to preconcentration performed by the biomass in the first column. The biomass of Sargassum in the bioreactors completely biosorbed the ionic copper contained in 63 L of copper sulfate solution, 72 L of copper chloride solution, and 72 L of copper nitrate solution, all the solutions containing copper at 500 mg/L. Effluents produced after biosorption presented copper concentrations < 0.5 mg/L.     

碘量法测定铜锍中铜含量

根据铜锍的组成结构特点,建立了一种测定铜锍中铜含量的方法,重点讨论了混合酸对铜锍进行溶解的前处理及样品滴定过程。在4.80%~32.00%铜的测定范围内,加标回收率为97.70%~101.26%,相对标准偏差为0.24%~0.53%。方法能够较好地解决铜锍中铜含量测定难的问题。     

铜源对溶胶-凝胶法制备La2CuO4晶体及光学性能的影响

以硝酸镧为镧源,柠檬酸为络合剂,水为溶剂,分别以硫酸铜,氯化铜和硝酸铜为铜源,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了La2CuO4纳米晶。通过热重-示差扫描量热(TG-DSC),X射线衍射(XRD),红外光谱(IR),透射电子显微镜(TEM)和紫外-可见-近红外光谱(UV-Vis-NIR)等方法对La2CuO4粉体进行了测试和表征;研究了不同铜源对前驱体及La2CuO4粉体的热性能、相组成、官能团、显微结构及光学性能的影响。结果表明:以硫酸铜和氯化铜为铜源,600℃煅烧保温2 h,产物均含有杂质相,而以硝酸铜为铜源时,可获得单一的正交晶型的La2CuO4物相,晶粒尺寸80-100 nm。根据UV-Vis-NIR分析,La2CuO4的光学带隙依次为1.193 eV,1.258 eV,1.380 eV。     

Sorption of copper by suspended particulate matter

The sorption of copper by suspended particulate matter from river water was investigated as a function of pH and solids concentration. Water was collected from the Delaware River and particulate matter was concentrated using Tangential-Flow Filtration (TFF). The adsorption of copper increased with increasing pH until pH 9.0. A decrease in copper adsorption was found for higher pH values. The adsorption of copper was greater for the samples with added copper than for the suspension for which no metal was added. An increase of copper adsorption proportional to particulate matter concentration was also observed. At both pH 6.0 and 7.0, there was a decrease in the adsorption of copper with increasing copper concentration.     

Cathodic and anodic stripping determination of traces of adenine and adenosine based on accumulation of copper(I) compounds at mercury or amalgam electrodes

In the presence of adenine and adenosine, the copper(II)/copper(Hg) couple splits to the copper(II)/copper(I) and copper(I)/copper(Hg) couples. Sparingly soluble complexes of copper(I) with adenine and adenosine can be accumulated on the electrode surface either by reduction of Cu(II) ions or by oxidation of the copper amalgam electrode. The copper(I)/adenine deposit can be stripped either cathodically or anodically with detection limits of 5×10^?9 and 2×10^?8 mol dm^?3, respectively. The copper(I)/ adenosine complex yields only the cathodic stripping peak with a detection limit of 9×10^?6 mol dm^?3. The stripping peaks obtained for the copper(I)/adenine and copper(I)/ adenosine complexes are better defined and appear over a wider range of pH than the peaks related to the corresponding mercury compounds. Adenosine cannot be determined in the presence of adenine bur adenine can be determined in the presence of moderate amounts of adenosine.     

铜锍中铜含量测定的研究

根据铜锍的组成结构特点,建立了一种测定铜锍中铜含量的方法,重点讨论了混合酸对铜锍进行溶解的前处理及样品滴定过程。方法铜的测定范围：4.80%~32.00%,回收率：97.70%~101.26%,精密度即标准偏差：0.026 %~0.10%。该方法能够较好地解决铜锍中铜含量测定难的问题。     

Characterization of formate complexes formed as corrosion products on copper by raman spectroscopy

Different copper formate complexes formed on the surface of metallic copper have been studied by Raman spectroscopy. Their Raman spectra have been correlated with the dehydrated copper formate, the copper formate dihydrate and the copper formate tetrahydrate. Experiments with deuterated formic acid reveal the influence of water molecules coordinated to the copper ion on the position of Raman bands of the formate ion.     

铜中毒对SD大鼠肝的影响研究

将36只雄性大鼠80~100 g随机分为3组,分别喂以对照日粮(Cu质量分数13.15mg/kg)和高铜日粮(Cu质量分数650、850 mg/kg),实验期为9周,进行了铜中毒对大鼠肝脏影响的病理学研究。结果表明,与对照组比较,高铜Ⅰ、Ⅱ组大鼠肝脏出现不同程度的病理损害;大鼠肝脏脏器系数有增高趋势,但差异无显著(P0.05)。同时,乳酸脱氢酶、谷草转氨酶活性显著升高(P0.01),血清铜含量上升,SOD含量下降。提示日粮铜质量分数650~850 mg/kg即可引起大鼠肝脏的病理损伤,功能降低。     

Control of the morphology of electrodeposited three-dimensional copper foam by tuning the pressure

Three-dimensional(3D) copper foams have been formed by electrodeposition at different nitrogen pressures and examined by scanning electron microscopy.The results indicate that an increase in system pressure leads to a decrease of the pore size of the copper foam due to the suppressed coalescence of hydrogen bubbles,while the thickness of the copper foam increases with decreasing pressure.Also,the walls around the pores on the copper foam consist of copper dendrites,and the copper dendrites are made up of copper grains with sizes less than 1 μm.The average sizes of the copper grains decrease with increasing system pressure.It has been demonstrated that copper foams with controllable 3D structure formed by electrodeposition at different pressures are comparable to those obtained by electrodeposition at normal pressure in the presence of specific additives.     

The electrochemical reactions of copper(II) and copper(I) chloride in n,n-dimethylformamide

Polarographic, voltammetric and controlled-potential coulometric studies of copper(II) and copper(I) chloride in dimethylformamide are reported. The two chloride complexes of copper(II) are reduced in a total of three electrochemical steps to two copper(I)-chloride complexes and to copper(0). The two copper(I)-chloride species are reduced to copper(0) and oxidized to copper(II)-chloride complexes. The dissociation constant of the tetrachlorocuprate(II) complex has been polarographically estimated to be 10^-25.     

地质样品中铜的四个相态的同时测定

根据铜矿物各相的浸取特性，确定了自由氧化铜相、结合氧化铜相、次生硫化铜相及原生硫化铜相的浸取体系及浸取条件；确定了稳定的浸取率常数。利用铜各相态的浸取常数建立数学模型，采用目标约束遗传算法(GA)对一次性浸取测得的浸取总量进行计算，求得铜各相态的含量。方法的相对标准偏差(％)为：自由氧化铜相1．5，结合氧化铜相17．6，次生硫化铜相1．9，原生硫化铜相2．7，总铜0．8。     

Relationship between Coordination Structure and Biological Activity of Copper(II) Nicotinate

1 INTRODUCTION In 1945, Braude[1] found for the first time that adding copper (Cu) ten times the normal requisite amount into the feed can improve the production property of the animal obviously. Therefore, from then on copper has been widely applied in pig- breeding industry as an effective growth-promoting agent, especially in the process of intensive culture, which plays an important part in improving the growth of animal and the production property. However, at the same time, the high…     

冷应激对铜预投大鼠血清铜锌代谢、SOD活性及GSH含量的影响

为揭示应激对体内微量元素代谢的影响和机制，预先给予大鼠不同水平的铜3周后，采用冷束缚法使大鼠产生应激，测定了血清铜、锌水平及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果表明，高铜给予没有对清洁级大鼠生长产生明显的影响．血清铜、锌及铜锌比值变化不明显，但适量的铜给予能显著提高血清中SOD活性和GSH含量；冷应激处理后大鼠血清中Cu水平下降，Zn水平升高，同时SOD消耗降低，而GSH含量显著升高。表明冷应激可使大鼠体内铜锌代谢及SOD活性和GSH含量发生变化，适量的铜给予在应激状况下才发挥出积极的生理作用。     

Determination of traces of purine by cathodic stripping voltammetry at the hanging copper amalgam drop electrode

In the presence of purine, the copper(II)/copper(Hg) couple splits into copper(II)/copper(I) and copper(I)/copper(Hg) couples, which form two well-separated systems of peaks under voltammetric conditions. The copper(I)/purine complex adsorbs on the electrode surfacer and can be deposited on the electrode surface by electroreduction of copper(II) ions at the HMDE or by electro-oxidation of the hanging copper amalgam drop electrode (HCADE). The deposit can be stripped either cathodically or anodically over the pH range 2–9. The cathodic stripping variant at the HCADE, in solution with pH 2, offers the best results, with linear response for the range 5 × 10^?9–1.5 × 10^?7 mol dm^?3 purine after an accumulation time of 3 min. The detection limit found with the HMDE in the presence of copper(II) ions is higher.