薄层色谱展开方法的几处改进

介绍了几种薄层色谱展开方法，包括中途展开、接力展开、多维接力展开、改进二维展开等，还介绍了一种简单的下行展开的操作方式以及关键部件的制作方法。     

生物质能源的开发与利用

本文概述了生物质能源的特征以及发展生物质能源的意义,综述了国内外生物质能源开发与利用的现状,简介了中国石油天然气股份有限公司生物质能源的发展思路、部署及工作进展。中国石油天然气股份有限公司生物质能源发展策略重点放在发展生物柴油和燃料乙醇。本文结合公司生物质能源长期发展战略以及实际工作开展情况分别从生物柴油、燃料乙醇两个方面详细探讨了所面临的生物质能源化工关键技术的需求,并提出相关发展建议。     

绿色化学关键技术在精细化工中的应用

绿色化学理念及技术的创新发展,能够更好与精细化工的各环节结合,提升效率、降低消耗、节约成本、增强竞争力,符合我国低碳发展方向,满足行业的可持续发展需求。本文主要介绍近年来绿色化学技术在精细化工领域的发展现状和应用前景,探讨了生物催化/发酵技术、非贵金属或无金属催化技术、微通道反应技术、新能源驱动的化学反应技术、新型高效分离技术、生产过程的人工智能和自动化等绿色化学关键技术在精细化工研制中的应用实例,为推动绿色化学技术的综合利用和可持续发展提供参考和借鉴。     

数智物联岩石力学背包实验室的自主创新

简要阐述了岩石力学试验装备的发展历史,介绍数智物联岩石力学背包实验室自主创新历程,重点总结了该设备相较于传统设备存在的优势.数智物联岩石力学背包实验室能够大幅度提升工作效率与信息化水平,工作现场更具便捷化和智能化.背包实验室的新理念,为实际工程提供新思路,相较传统试验更节约时间成本、人员成本、材料成本,是工程仪器未来的...     

显影抑制剂释放化合物的合成

为寻找新的适用于不同情况的最佳品种显影抑制剂释放化合物(DIR化合物).合成了母体结构为1-苯基-2-乙酰氧基-2-[(1-苯基-1H-四氮唑-5-)疏基]乙酮的DIR化合物.在这一化合物的二个苯环中分别引入不同取代基制备了十四个新化合物.所有化合物以苯乙酮为骨架,1-(4'-取代苯)-5-疏基四唑部份为显影抑制剂.     

Biomedical applications of complexation agents/solubilizers

Non-toxic complexation agents/solubilizers have numerous applications in the biomedical field. Results obtained in the author's laboratory are reviewed here. This work resulted in: (a) the development of a system enabling more efficient therapeutic use of retinoids, (b) the development of an agent eliminating mycoplasma infections in cell cultures, (c) the development of a detoxification process for hypervitaminosis A, and (d) the development of a system for effective sublingual administration of sex hormones.     

纳米钛酸钡的水热合成进展

综述了水热合成纳米钛酸钡的影响因素、发展现状及存在的问题，并指出其发展趋势。参考文献57篇。     

Computer-aided optimization of stepwise gradient and multiple-development thin-layer chromatography

Summary Equations for the final R_F values for mobile phase gradient development and gradient multiple development are presented. Computer simulations of gradient development for both modes of thin-layer chromatography are discussed for the preliminary optimization of gradient programs.     

分子印迹技术在环境领域中的应用研究进展

分子印迹技术(MIT)是近年来集高分子合成、分子设计、分子识别、仿生生物工程等众多学科优势发展起来的一种新型技术,它的产生与发展为环境监测和环境治理开辟了一条新的途径.本文综述了分子印迹技术的产生与发展及基本原理,着重介绍了MIT在痕量污染物分析及废水处理中的应用和发展前景,并对目前存在的问题进行了探讨.     

环糊精超分子化学在生命科学研究中的新进展

本文介绍了环糊精作为一门交叉学科自20世纪90年代以来在生命科学研究中的新进展,着重阐述它在分子识别和生物体系中的应用,引用文献78篇。     

The challenges and perspectives of developing solid-state electrolytes for rechargeable multivalent battery

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - From the perspective of future development trend, energy issues will always accompany with the human development process. The development of new batteries...     

中国农药自主创制

农药是农业发展的保障,农业的发展离不开它。中国是农业大国,农药创制必须得依靠自己。中国农药的发展与中国农业现代化发展同频共振。新农药创制是一个系统工程,需要各个学科都能达到高科技水平。当今,中国的农药研究已经站在一个更高的起点和水平上,用自己原创的理论、方法、手段和靶标进行农药创制;一定程度上,中国的农药研究在某些领域已经开始引领全球农药发展。结合新中国成立后我国农药的发展状况,本文总结了70个自主创制农药产品。依据新创制农药的类型、创制时间、创制单位、主要作用对象、作用方式、作用机理等,概述了中国新创制农药的发展历程。     

Whole-cell clamp study of Xenopus embryonic cholinergic neurons

Whole-cell clamped myoballs are placed into direct visible contact with the growth cones of isolated neurons in embryonic Xenopus culture to serve as probe of acetylcholine (AcCHo) release in order to determine whether these neurons are cholinergic or not. Using a G omega -seal, whole-cell recording method, the electrophysiological properties of these identified cholinergic neurons are studied. It is found that these embryonic neurons, like adult frog motor neurons, exhibit repetitive firings in a certain embryonic developing stage. A development of repetitive firings is observed simultaneously. Tracing the development of one neuron, we find that the development of repetitive firing is completed at the 48th h after fertilization. Tetrodotoxin (TTX) which blocks Na+ channels can abolish all firings; and tetraethyl ammonium chloride (TEA), the blocker of K+ channels, reverses this development, i.e. it makes the repetitive firings disappear again. These data show that the nature of the development of repetitive firings is the development of K+ channels.     

化学:人类生存和发展的基础——以诺贝尔化学奖为线索

截止2020年诺贝尔化学奖共颁发了112次,其见证了化学学科的发展历程、化学学科与人类生活密不可分的联系,以及化学学科发展的最前沿。以诺贝尔化学奖为主线,联系诺贝尔化学奖趣闻,讲解化学学科将是人类生存的基础,乃至对人类社会和生存发展做出的重要贡献,可以使大家认识到化学学科的重要性,并且更加了解如何进行化学研究,促进化学学科的长足发展。     

高校无机化学实验室资源合理配置的探索与实践

高校实验室是“立德树人”的重要阵地,实验技术队伍是实现“三全育人”的重要保障。高校快速发展过程中,对实验技术队伍赋予了建设和管理的多重任务,而自身缺乏明确的发展方向和目标,实验技术队伍职业化研究成为高校发展的现实需求。构建适应高等学校发展的实验技术队伍专业化管理体系,明确实验队伍职业化发展路径选择的具体措施,促进实验技术队伍稳定性,强化实验技术队伍在高等学校治理结构和提升内涵建设的有效作用,为提升高校实验室育人功能奠定基础,为高等学校快速发展提供有力支撑。     

Morphology development and phase inversion during dynamic vulcanisation of EPDM/PP blends

Morphology development and phase inversion were investigated during dynamic vulcanisation of ethylene–propylene–diene terpolymer (EPDM)/polypropylene (PP) blends. The effects of viscosity ratio and cross-linking reactions were also addressed. EPDM/PP blends were dynamically vulcanised in a Haake batch mixer using resole and SnCl₂ as cross-linking agents. The morphology development and cross-linking degree with reaction time were followed by morphology analysis (SEM and TEM) and measurement of EPDM gel content, respectively. For the same reaction time, it was found that the EPDM gel content decreased when the low-molecular-weight EPDM was used. As a result, the morphological development was delayed and the phase-inversion point was shifted to higher reaction times, allowing us to monitor morphological development during a thermoplastic vulcanisate (TPV) preparation. Using the low-molecular-weight EPDM and increasing the PP viscosity accelerated the morphological development, shifting phase-inversion to lower reaction times. While blend composition influenced final TPV morphology, it had a minor effect on the mechanism of morphological development. A correlation between cross-linking degree and morphology development was established. The results obtained allowed to propose a mechanism of morphology development during dynamic vulcanisation of the EPDM/PP blends, including phase inversion.     

化学农药的现代化发展历程

介绍了现代化学农药从天然农药经人工合成有机农药向着“超高效、无毒、无污染”的绿色化学农药方向发展所历经的3个主要发展阶段,探讨了这3个主要发展阶段中代表性农药的性质及其特点。     

The effect of electrode rotation on pitting passivity breakdown of metal in sodium chloride solution

The effect of electrode rotation on the initiation and development of pitting passivity breakdown of two steels and nickel in the chloride solutions is studied. The effect of rotation is most pronounced for the development of pitting on steels in the neutral unbuffered NaCl solution. The electrode rotation has almost no effect on the pitting development in the nickel/NaCl + NaOH solution sistem. The discussion of experimental results is presented.     

一种新型功能性显影促进剂的照相性能和抗老化性研究

研究了新型功能性显影促进剂照相性能与作用机理.照相性能试验结果表明:显影促进剂M能明显提高感光度而且具有良好的抗老化性能;染料吸收光谱的结果表明:它的使用不影响主成色剂成色染料的吸收光谱.     

合成氨催化剂研究的新进展

 近20多年来,随着英国BP公司钌基催化剂的发明和我国亚铁基熔铁催化剂体系的创立,标志着合成氨催化剂进入了一个新的发展时期,由唯一的传统Fe3O4路线发展为三条技术路线,并各自取得了重大进展．本文扼要介绍了Fe3O4基传统催化剂和钌基催化剂的主要研究成果和发展趋势,着重综述了我国独创的Fe1－xO基熔铁催化剂的发现及其高活性机理探讨方面的研究成果．回顾了20世纪合成氨工业及其催化剂从创立、发展,到取得辉煌成就的历程,展望了21世纪的发展趋势．